ASTM C1728-12

Standard Specification for Flexible Aerogel Insulation

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. It indicates the mechanical, chemical, and property requirements of the flexible aerogel insulation, such as its thickness, density, and flexibility. It also lists the performance requirements for Types I, II, and III flexible aerogel insulation, and the acceptable dimensions and tolerances on flexible aerogel insulation sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification and performance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from -321°F (-196°C) up to 1200° F (649°C).
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and system non-performance.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jan-2012
• ICS: 91.100.60 - Thermal and sound insulating materials
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.23 - Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C1728-13 - Standard Specification for Flexible Aerogel Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Referred By: ASTM C1774-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Thermal Performance Testing of Cryogenic Insulation Systems
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C1558-19 - Standard Guide for Development of Standard Data Records for Computerization of Thermal Transmission Test Data for Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C1695-22 - Standard Specification for Fabrication of Flexible Removable and Reusable Blanket Insulation for Hot Service
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1728 −12
StandardSpecification for
Flexible Aerogel Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1728; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
1.1 This specification covers the classification and perfor-
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
mance of flexible aerogel thermal insulation. This will cover
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-
the range of continuous exposure operating temperatures from
formed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
-321°F (-196°C) up to 1200° F (649°C).
C335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protec-
of Pipe Insulation
tive vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient
C356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-
temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture
Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking
through or around the insulation to the colder surface. Failure
Heat
to use a vapor retarder or barrier could lead to insulation and
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
system non-performance.
Insulation Lots
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical Temperature Thermal Insulation
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only C447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Tempera-
and are not considered standard. ture of Thermal Insulations
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
test methods described in this specification. This standard does
C665 Specification for Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insu-
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
lation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
Housing
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
C795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
tact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
to use.
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
2. Referenced Documents erties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of
C1101/C1101M Test Methods for Classifying the Flexibility
Thermal Insulations
or Rigidity of Mineral Fiber Blanket and Board Insulation
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or
C1104/C1104M Test Method for Determining the Water
Batt Thermal Insulations
Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on
Insulation Materials and Facings
Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation.
C1511 Test Method for Determining the Water Retention
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2012. Published January 2012. DOI: 10.1520/
C1728-12.
(Repellency) Characteristics of Fibrous Glass Insulation
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(Aircraft Type)
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Building Materials
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1728−12
E2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of 7.1 Maximum Use Temperature—When tested in accor-
Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface dancewithTestMethodC411inaflatconfigurationandthehot
Burning Characteristics surface performance of Practice C447 in a flat configuration at
the insulation’s maximum use temperature at a thickness of 80
2.2 Other Standards:
mm or manufacturer’s maximum recommended thickness, the
CAN/ULC-S102 Standard Method of Test for Surface Burn-
flexibleaerogelinsulationshallnotwarp,flame,orglowduring
ing Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies
hot surface exposure. No evidence of melting or fiber degra-
dation shall be evident upon post-test inspection.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:For definitions used in this specification, see 7.2 Thickness and Density—The thickness and density shall
Terminology A3.
be determined and reported in accordance with Test Methods
3.2 flexible aerogel insulation, n—a flexible insulation con- C167 or C303.
taining a composite of aerogel, fibrous carrying media, or
7.3 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:
reinforcements, or a combination thereof.
7.3.1 Determine the thermal conductivity as a function of
3.2.1 Discussion—Opacifiers are sometimes added as either
temperature for the representative specimens with data ob-
fibers or powders.
tained from a series of thermal tests utilizing Test Methods
C177, C518, C1114,or C335 as appropriate for the material
4. Classification
understudy.Specimenshallbetestedunfacedand,forTypeIII,
4.1 Flexible ⁄2 aerogel insulation shall be classified into
Grade 2 (pipe configuration per Test Method C335), test at a
three Types based on the maximum use temperature:
minimum of 4 layers. Each layer shall have a minimum
4.1.1 Type I — 257°F (125°C)
thickness of 0.2 in (5 mm). The test report shall state the
4.1.2 Type II — 390°F (200°C)
barometric pressure at the time of the tests. See Note 2 below.
4.1.3 Type III — 1200° F (649°C)
7.3.2 As specified in Practice C1045, the range of test
4.2 Types I and II are subdivided as Grade 1 (tested in flat
conditions must include at least one test where the hot surface
configuration) and Categories A or B by thermal conductivity.
temperature is greater than, or equal to, the hot limit of the
temperature range of desired data and at least one test where
4.3 Type III is subdivided into two Grades 1 and 2 whereby
the cold temperature is less than, or equal to, the cold limit of
Grade 1 is tested in a flat configuration using Test Method
the temperature range desired. At least two additional tests
C177 and Grade 2 is tested only in a pipe configuration using
shall be performed and distributed evenly over the rest of the
Test Method C335.
temperature range.
5. Ordering Information
7.3.3 Finalanalysisofthethermaldatashallbeconductedin
accordance with Practice C1045 to generate a thermal conduc-
5.1 The Type, Grade, Category, dimensions, and thickness
tivity versus temperature relationship for the specimen.
shall be specified by the purchaser. A product certification (if
7.3.4 The final step of Practice C1045 analysis is to calcu-
required) shall be specified in the purchase order.
late the thermal conductivity using the equations generated at
a set of mean temperatures for comparison to the specification.
6. Materials and Manufacture
7.3.5 Practice C1058 shall be used to obtain recommended
6.1 Composition—Flexibleaerogelinsulationisacomposite
test temperature combinations for testing purposes.
ofanamorphoussilica-basedaerogel,afibrouscarryingmedia,
or reinforcements, or a combination thereof, that allow the
7.4 Flexibility—When tested at the installed thickness in
construct to be flexible.
accordance with the Test Methods C1101/C1101M, the sheet
6.1.1 A fibrous carrying media or reinforcement, or both,
must qualify as flexible.
consists of the following: fibers, batts, strips, sheets, or some
7.5 Corrosiveness to Steel—When tested and evaluated in
combination thereof.
accordance with the corrosiveness test of Specification C665,
6.1.1.1 This fibrous carrying media or reinforcement
the corrosion resulting from insulation in contact with steel
material, or both, is either organic, such as polyester, or
plates shall be judged to be no greater than for comparative
inorganic, such as glass fibers. Additionally, some flexible
plates in contact with sterile cotton. Test the composite
aerogel insulation contains additives such as a water resistant
insulation material (with facing and adhesive) when a facing is
treatment or opacifiers, or both.
factory adhered by the manufacturer or the fabricator.
7. Physical, Mechanical and Chemical Property
7.6 Water Vapor Sorption—When tested in accordance the
Requirements
Test Method C1104/C1104M, the water vapor sorption of the
NOTE 1—Performan
...