ASTM D2617-06

Standard Test Method for Total Ash in Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful in determining the approximate amount of nonvolatile inorganic material in leather. This may be in the form of salts or oxides of the elements. In a mixed chrome tannage, the approximate percentage of other elements in the leather may be determined by subtracting the chromic oxide that may be conveniently determined on the ash. (See Test Method D 2807.)
The temperature of 600°C specified is high enough to produce a reproducible result but it does not completely dehydrate such oxides as aluminum oxide, (Al2O3) and chromic oxide (Cr2O3). Likewise, such salts as sulfates and phosphates may be incompletely dehydrated, and if alkalies and chromium are present simultaneously, oxidation to chromate may occur. Therefore, caution is advised in drawing conclusions based on quantitative relations of the elements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total ash in leather.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2006
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.06 - Chemical Analysis

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2617-96(2001) - Standard Test Method for Total Ash in Leather
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM D2617-12 - Standard Test Method for Total Ash in Leather
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6401-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determining Non-Tannins and Tannin in Extracts of Vegetable Tanning Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D2807-17a - Standard Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Leather (Perchloric Acid Oxidation)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D2875-00(2020) - Standard Test Method for Insoluble Ash of Vegetable-Tanned Leather
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2617–06
Standard Test Method for
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Total Ash in Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2617; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope phosphates may be incompletely dehydrated, and if alkalies
and chromium are present simultaneously, oxidation to chro-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total ash in
mate may occur. Therefore, caution is advised in drawing
leather.
conclusions based on quantitative relations of the elements.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 Crucible, 30 to 50-mL, high-form, platinum or porce-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
lain.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Electric Muffle Furnace, with controller or rheostat and
2. Referenced Documents pyrometer, capable of maintaining a temperature of 600 6
2 25°C.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2807 TestMethodforChromicOxideinLeather(Perchlo-
6. Test Specimen
ric Acid Oxidation)
6.1 Thespecimenshallconsistof1to5gofleatherfromthe
D2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and
composite sample prepared in accordance with an accepted
Chemical Tests
3
procedure.
3. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 1—In some leathers, silicones or other organometallic complexes
3.1 Thesampleisignitedinairat600 625°Cuntilconstant
that are solvent, soluble, and ash producing are used. It may be desirable
to obtain ash on an extracted sample, and if so, it should be indicated on
mass is attained. The weighed residual matter is termed “ash”
the report.
and is calculated as a percentage of the original sample.
7. Procedure
4. Significance and Use
7.1 Weigh accurately (to 1 mg) into a tared crucible 1 to 5
4.1 This test method is useful in determining the approxi-
g of leather, prepared as described in 6.1, and preferably at
mate amount of nonvolatile inorganic material in leather. This
sufficiently close equilibrium with the laboratory humidity that
may be in the form of salts or oxides of the elements. In a
it does not gain or lose mass at a significant rate. Place the
mixed chrome tannage, the approximate percentage of other
crucible and sample in the muffle furnace and maintain at 600
elements in the leather may be determined by subtracting the
6 25°C for at least 15 min after the absence of char or glowing
chromicoxidethatmaybeconvenientlydeterminedontheash.
embers, to destroy carbonaceous matter (Note 2). Remove the
(See Test Method D2807.)
crucible from the furnace, cool in a desiccator, and weigh
4.2 The temperature of 600°C specified is high enough to
(Note 3). Replace in the furnace and maintain at 600 6 25°C
produce a reproducible result but it does not completely
for another 15 min. Repeat the weighing operation. Continue
dehydrate such oxides as aluminum oxide, (Al O ) and chro-
2 3
heating for 15 min and weighing as described above until a
mic oxide (Cr O ). Likewise, such salts as sulfates and
2 3
massconstantwithin0.2mgisobtained.Recordthefinalmass.
NOTE 2—The above procedure is satisfactory with most leathers. With
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
heavily oiled or stuffed leather, start with a cold muffle and raise
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.06 on ChemicalAnalysis.This
temperature gradually to 600°C, or burn off the oil carefully over a gas
test method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists
burner before placing the crucible in the hot furnace.
Assn. (Standard Method B15 – 1969).
NOTE 3—If it is difficult to burn off the carbon, as evidenced by
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published November 2006. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2617 – 96 (2001). inspection or failure to achieve constant mass, moisten the ash with a few
DOI: 10.1520/D2617-06.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Acceptable procedures are published in the Journal of the American Leather
the ASTM website. Chemists Association, Vol 51, 1956, p. 497; see Practice D2813.
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