ASTM D5431-93(2001)e1
(Specification)Standard Performance Specification for Woven and Knitted Sheeting Products for Institutional and Household Use
Standard Performance Specification for Woven and Knitted Sheeting Products for Institutional and Household Use
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the evaluation of specific performance characteristics of importance in woven and knit flat, fitted, and waterbed sheet products for use in institutional and household environments.
1.2 This specification may be used by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier to establish purchasing specification requirements.
1.3 The requirements in Table 1 apply to the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.
1.4 This specification is not applicable to woven and knit products used for sheet blankets or to woven and knitted sheet products used for apparel.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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e1
Designation: D 5431 – 93 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Performance Specification for
Woven and Knitted Sheeting Products for Institutional and
Household Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5431; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in February 2001.
1. Scope D 3512 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Re-
lated Surface Changes ofTextile Fabrics: RandomTumble
1.1 This specification covers the evaluation of specific
Pilling Tester Method
performance characteristics of importance in woven and knit
D 3786 Test Method for Hydraulic Bursting Strength of
flat, fitted, and waterbed sheet products for use in institutional
Knitted Goods and Nonwoven Fabrics—Diaphragm
and household environments.
Bursting Strength Tester Method
1.2 This specification may be used by mutual agreement
D 3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Knitted
between the purchaser and the supplier to establish purchasing
Goods: Constant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst Test
specification requirements.
D 3882 Test Method for Bow and Skew in Woven and
1.3 The requirements in Table 1 apply to the length and
Knitted Fabrics
width directions for those properties where fabric direction is
D 3938 GuideforDeterminingorConfirmingCareInstruc-
pertinent.
tions for Apparel and Other Textile Products
1.4 This specification is not applicable to woven and knit
D 5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthanndElongation
products used for sheet blankets or to woven and knitted sheet
of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
products used for apparel.
2.2 AATCC Methods:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
8 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
15 Colorfastness to Perspiration
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
16A Colorfastness to Light: Carbon-Arc Lamp, Continuous
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Light
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
16E Colorfastness to Light: Water-Cooled Xenon-Arc
2. Referenced Documents Lamp, Continuous Light
61 Colorfastness to Laundering, Home, and Commercial:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Accelerated
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
88B Appearance of Seams in Durable Press Items After
D 629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
Repeated Home Launderings
D 1230 Test Method for Flammability of Textiles
96 Dimensional Changes in Commercial Laundering of
D 1424 Test Method for Tear Resistance of Woven Fabrics
Woven and Knitted Fabrics Except Wool
by Falling Pendulum (Elmendorf) Apparatus
116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
Method
D 2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics
124 Appearance of Fabrics After Repeated Home Launder-
by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-
ing
Traverse Tensile Testing Machine)
135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering
D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
of Woven and Knit Fabrics
for Textiles
143 Appearance ofApparel and Other Textile End Products
D 3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Ap-
After Repeated Home Launderings
parel, Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather Products
Evaluation Procedure 1 Gray Scale for Color Change
Evaluation Procedure 2 Gray Scale for Staining
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home
Furnishings. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1993. Published October 1993. Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. (AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5431
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements
Requirements
Woven
Characteristics
Non-flannel Knitted
Flannel Section
Polyester/Cotton 100 % Cotton Flannel/Non-flannel
Breaking Force 7.1
A
CRT Method Each Direction 222 N (50 lbf) min 178 N (40 lbf) min 156 N (35 lbf) min
A
Bursting Force 222 N (50 lbf) min 7.1.2
A
Tear Resistance, Elmendorf 7.1.3
Each Direction 7 N (1.5 lbf) min 7 N (1.5 lbf) min 7 N (1.5 lbf) min
Pilling 4.0 NA NA 4.0 7.1.4
Dimensional Change: 7.1.5
Durable Press (In Each Direction) 2 % max 3 % max 3.5 % max 4 % max
Nondurable Press (Nonpreshrunk)
Length 8 % max 8 % max 8 % max
Width 6 % max 6 % max 6 % max
Preshrunk (In Each Direction) 2 % max 3 % max 3.5 % max
Laundered Appearance Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable 7.2.1
B
Fabric Appearance SA 3.0 min SA 2.2 min NA SA 3.0 min 7.1.6
Bow and Skewness 3 % max 3 % max 3 % max 3 % max 7.1.7
C
Colorfastness To:
Laundering: 7.1.8.1
D D D D
Alteration in Shade Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min
E E E E
Staining Class 3 min Class 3 min Class 3 min Class 3 min
Crocking: 7.1.8.2
F F F F
Dry Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min
F F F F
Wet Class3min Class 3 min Class 3 min Class 3 min
Light (20 AATCC FU), 7.1.8.3
E D D D D
Xenon-Arc Step 4 min Step 4 min Step 4 min Step 4 min
Perspiration 7.1.8.4
D D D D
Alteration In Shade Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min Class 4 min
E E E E
Staining Class 3 min Class 3 min Class 3 min Class 3 min
Flammability Class I Class I Class I Class I 7.1.9
A
Thereismorethanonestandardmethodthatcanbeusedtomeasurebreakingforce,burstingforce,tearresistance,andlightfastness.Thesemethodscannotbeused
interchangeably since there may be no overall correlation between them. See Notes 2-5 and Note 8.
B
Recommended requirement for Easy Care Products which must be ironed.
C
Class in colorfastness and 5A rating is based on a numerical scale of 5.0 for negligible color change, color transfer, or wrinkling to 1.0 for very severe color change,
color transfer or wrinkling. The numerical rating in Table 1 or higher is acceptable.
D
AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.
E
AATCC Gray Scale for Staining.
F
AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale.
Evaluation Procedure 3 AATCC Chromatic Transference 3.1.7 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
Scale specification, refer to the individual ASTM and AATCC test
methods, Terminology D 123 and Terminology D 3136, or
NOTE 1—Reference to test methods in this specification give only the
your dictionary.
pertinent part of the designation ofASTM,AATCC, or other test methods.
The current edition of each test method shall prevail.
4. Significance and Use
3. Terminology
4.1 Upon mutual agreement between the purchaser and the
3.1 Definitions: supplier, woven and knitted products intended for this end use
3.1.1 fitted sheet, n—in textiles, a product usually made should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this
with boxed corners, sometimes elasticized with shape and size specification.
to conform to the contours of the mattress and used for 4.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthet-
covering the mattress on a bed. ics, the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics
3.1.2 flannel, n—as applied to bed sheeting, a napped fabric may find acceptable products that do not conform to all of the
used in the fabrication of sheeting products. requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the
3.1.3 flat sheet, n—in textiles, a flat, hemmed product, requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by mutual
usuallyrectangular,usedforcoveringthemattressonabedand agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
used for sleeping on or under. 4.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall
3.1.4 muslin, n—as applied to bed sheeting, a plain weave specify that: “This product meets ASTM Specification ____
2 2
fabric with not fewer than 128 yarns/in. (128 yarns/645 mm ). except for the following characteristic(s).”
3.1.5 percale, n—as applied to bed sheeting, a plain weave 4.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached
2 2
fabric with not fewer than 180 yarns/in. (180 yarns/645 mm ). between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of
3.1.6 sheet, n—in textiles, a large rectangular fabricated controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to
product which is used over a mattress on a bed. The product be used as a guide only. As noted in 4.2, ultimate consumer
may be carded or combed yarn in a wide range of fabric demands dictate varying performance parameters for any
constructions. particular product.
D 5431
with the CRT machine equipped with a bursting attachment and the
4.4 The uses and significance of particular properties and
diaphragm bursting tester. Consequently, these two bursting testers cannot
test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the
be used interchange
...
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