ASTM C301-98(2003)

Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the equipment for, and the techniques of, testing vitrified clay pipe prior to installation. Tests using whole pipe determines the resistance to crushing and hydrostatic forces. Tests using pipe fragments measure the amount of water absorption of the pipe body and the quantity of acid-soluble material that may be extracted from it.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—The following standards also apply to clay pipe and can be referenced for further information: Practice C 12 and Test Method C 828; Specifications C 425 and C 700.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2003
• ICS: 23.040.50 - Pipes and fittings of other materials
• Technical Committee: C04 - Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C04.20 - Methods of Test and Specifications

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C301-98 - Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM C301-04 - Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C12-22a - Standard Practice for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C4-04(2018) - Standard Specification for Clay Drain Tile and Perforated Clay Drain Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C315-07(2021) - Standard Specification for Clay Flue Liners and Chimney Pots
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C896-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Clay Products
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C700-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, and Perforated
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C479-04(2022) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Liner Plates
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1208/C1208M-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe and Joints for Use in Microtunneling, Sliplining, Pipe Bursting, and Tunnels
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 301 – 98 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Methods for
Vitrified Clay Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 301; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in these test methods,
refer to Terminology E 6 and Terminology C 896.
1.1 These test methods cover the equipment for, and the
techniques of, testing vitrified clay pipe prior to installation.
4. Significance and Use
Tests using whole pipe determines the resistance to crushing
4.1 Meaning and Suitability—The tests called for herein,
and hydrostatic forces. Tests using pipe fragments measure the
from their results, indicate the suitability and acceptability of
amount of water absorption of the pipe body and the quantity
vitrified clay pipe for specifications acceptance, design pur-
of acid-soluble material that may be extracted from it.
poses, regulatory statutes, manufacturing control, and re-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
search.
as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are for
information only.
5. Bearing Strength
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
5.1 Test Specimens:
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
5.1.1 The test specimens shall be sound, full-size pipe and
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
shall be selected by the purchaser, or his representative, at
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
points he designates when placing the order.
limitations prior to use.
5.1.2 The number of specimens to be tested shall not exceed
NOTE 1—The following standards also apply to clay pipe and can be
0.5 % of the number of pipe of each size furnished, except that
referenced for further information: Practice C 12 and Test Method C 828;
no less than two specimens shall be tested.
Specifications C 425 and C 700.
5.2 Measurement and Inspection of Specimens:
5.2.1 The specimens shall be free of all visible moisture and
2. Referenced Documents
frost. These specimens shall be inspected and measured for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
conformance with the applicable specifications. The results of
C 12 Practice for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
these observations shall be recorded.
C 425 Specification for Compression Joints for Vitrified
5.2.2 Specimens that are observed to have defects in excess
Clay Pipe and Fittings
of the limits permitted in the applicable specifications shall be
C 700 Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength,
discarded and replaced with additional specimens from the lot
Standard Strength, and Perforated
to be tested.
C 828 Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified
5.3 Loading Apparatus (see Fig. 1):
Clay Pipe Lines
5.3.1 Testing Machine:
C 896 Terminology Relating to Clay Products
5.3.1.1 The loading apparatus shall consist of a testing
E 6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
machine capable of applying loads, with upper and lower
ing
bearings capable of transmitting these loads to the pipe. The
bearings shall be bearing beams and contact edges.
3. Terminology
5.3.1.2 Any motor driven testing machine that is capable of
3.1 Definitions:
applying a load at a uniform rate of 2000 6 500 lbf/min·linear
ft (29.4 6 7.4 kN/min·linear m) of pipe length, shall be used
for making the test.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-4 on
Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.20 on
5.3.1.3 The load may be applied at a rapid rate until 50 % of
Methods of Test and Specifications.
the required bearing strength is reached. Subsequently, the load
Current edition approved November 1, 2003. Published February 2004. Origi-
shall be applied to the pipe at a uniform rate of 2000 6 500
nally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as C 301 – 98.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or lbf/min·linear ft (29.4 6 7.4 kN/min·linear m) of pipe length
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
without vibration or shock.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C 301 – 98 (2003)
FIG. 1 Three-Edge Bearing Testing (see 5.3.4 for Segmented Testing)
5.3.1.4 The testing machine shall be sufficiently rigid so that of the pipe. Built-up bearing beams may be used, provided
the load distribution will not be appreciably affected by the their deflection does not exceed that specified. In order for the
deformation or yielding of any part. The machine and bearings bell or socket of the pipe to clear the bearing beams, it is
shall be constructed to transmit the load in a vertical plane recommended that the bearing beams be faced with a metal or
through the longitudinal axes of the bearings and pipe. The hardwood member for affixing the contact edges.
bearings shall be attached to the machine so as to receive and 5.3.3 Three-Edge Bearings:
uniformly transmit the loads required in the tests, without 5.3.3.1 Three-edge bearings shall consist of an upper mem-
vibration or shock. The upper bearing shall be free to rotate in ber, comprised of a bearing beam on which one contact edge is
a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of the bearing and located so that it lies in the vertical plane passing through the
the pipe. longitudinal axis of the pipe; and a lower member comprised of
5.3.2 Bearing Beams—Bearing beams shall not deflect a bearing beam on which two contact edges are symmetrically
more than a 14 by 8-in. (355 by 205-mm), 53-lb/linear ft located parallel to that vertical plane.
(73-kg/linear m), wide flange beam as specified by the Ameri- 5.3.3.2 The contact edges shall consist of rubber strips
can Institute of Steel Construction. Under no circumstances alone, or hardwood strips with plaster of paris fillets. Contact
shall the deflection in inches or millimetres under maximum edges shall uniformly contact the outside barrel of the pipe.
load exceed that given by the ratio L/720 in which L is the 5.3.3.3 The two contact edges on the lower member shall be
beam length in inches or millimetres. The length of the bearing spaced apart approximately 1 in./ft (83 mm/m) of pipe diam-
beams shall be no less than the full length of the outside barrel eter, but in no case less than 1 in. (25 mm).
C 301 – 98 (2003)
5.3.3.4 Positioning strips may be used to align the upper 5.4.5 For further evaluation or quality assurance, the load-
contact edge and to align and space the lower contact edges. In ing may be continued to the point of pipe failure.
the case of rubber contact edges, positioning strips shall not
5.4.6 Record the maximum load sustained by the specimen.
exceed one half of the thickness of the contact edge and may 5.5 Calculation and Report:
remain in place.
5.5.1 Calculate the bearing strength by dividing the applied
5.3.3.5 If rubber strips are used as contact edges, they shall load by the inside length of the barrel. The length shall be the
be cut or formed from material having a Shore A, instanta- average of two measurements taken at points 180° (3.1 rad)
neous, durometer hardness between 45 and 60. The strips shall apart. Report the individual results of the tests of pipe of each
be of rectangular cross section, having a 2-in. (51-mm) width, size or lot.
and a thickness not less than 1 in. (25 mm) nor more than 1 ⁄2
in. (38 mm). The contact edges shall be used with the 2-in. 6. Absorption
(51-mm) dimension in contact with the bearing beam. Rubber
6.1 Test Specimens:
contact edges may be attached to the bearing beam by an
6.1.1 Absorption specimens shall be sound pieces of the full
adhesive, provided the contact edge remains firmly fixed in
thickness of the barrel of the pipe, with all edges broken. Each
position.
specimen shall be as nearly square as possible, with the area on
5.3.3.6 If hardwood strips with plaster of paris fillets are
one barrel surface not less than twelve times the wall thickness,
used as contact edges, the strips shall be straight, and have a
expressed as square units. They shall be free of observable
cross section not less than 1 in. (25 mm) in either direction. The
cracks or shattered edges and shall not contain laminations and
bottom contact edges shall have vertical sides, with the interior
fissures more than is typical of the pipe from which the
top corners
...