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ASTM D7714-11(2021)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service

Standard Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for glycerin base engine coolants used in automobiles or other light duty service cooling systems. The requirements for engine coolant concentrates, prediluted glycerin base engine coolants, glycerin base coolant concentrates, and coolant concentrates include colour, effect on non-metals, relative density, and corrosion in glassware.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for glycerin base engine coolants used in automobiles or other light duty service cooling systems. When concentrates are used at 50 % to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when prediluted glycerin base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against freezing, boiling, and corrosion.  
1.2 The coolants governed by this specification are categorized as follows:    
Coolant Type  
Description  
I  
Glycerin base concentrate  
II  
Glycerin predilute (50 to 60 volume %)
Note 1: This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients that comply with Specification D7640.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See X1.5 and X3.1.3 for specific warning statements.
Note 2: This specification applies to automobiles and light duty service. A glycerin based specification for heavy duty engine service is under development.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Aug-2021
ICS
71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
Technical Committee
D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
Drafting Committee
D15.07 - Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1287-11(2020) - Standard Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Antirusts
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020
Refers
ASTM D5931-20 - Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Engine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Coolants by Digital Density Meter
Effective Date
15-May-2020

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ASTM D7714-11(2021) - Standard Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty ServiceASTM D7714-11(2021) - Standard Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
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ASTM D7714-11(2021) - Standard Specification for Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7714 − 11 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Glycerin Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-
1
Duty Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7714; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for glycerin
D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In Water
base engine coolants used in automobiles or other light duty
D516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
service cooling systems. When concentrates are used at 50 %
D1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of Engine
to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when prediluted
Coolants
glycerin base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) are
D1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine Coolants
used without further dilution, they will function effectively to
D1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Cool-
provide protection against freezing, boiling, and corrosion.
ants and Antirusts
1.2 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-
D1122 Test Method for Relative Density of Engine Coolant
rized as follows:
Concentrates and Engine Coolants By The Hydrometer
Coolant Type Description
D1123 Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concen-
I Glycerin base concentrate
trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent Method
II Glycerin predilute (50 to 60 volume %)
D1126 Test Method for Hardness in Water
NOTE 1—This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-
D1177 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine
mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients that
Coolants
comply with Specification D7640.
D1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Antirusts
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
D1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
in Glassware
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Coolants in Glassware
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System Chemical
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Solutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive Vehicles
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testing
See X1.5 and X3.1.3 for specific warning statements.
of Engine Coolants
D2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-
NOTE 2—This specification applies to automobiles and light duty
Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With En-
service. A glycerin based specification for heavy duty engine service is
gine Coolants
under development.
D3321 Test Method for Use of the Refractometer for Field
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Test Determination of the Freezing Point of Aqueous
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Engine Coolants
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine Cool-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ants
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Chromatography
D4340 Test Method for Corrosion of Cast Aluminum Alloys
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
D15.07 on Specifications. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published September 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D7714-11 (2016) . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D7714-11R21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7714 − 11 (2021)
TABLE 1 General Requirements
in Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting Conditions
D4725 Termin
...

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5.1 The freezing point of an engine coolant indicates the coolant freeze protection.  
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ASTM D4985-10(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for low silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. Such engines are typically used in off-highway machinery for agriculture, mining, earth-moving, and construction; Class 5 to 8 over the road trucks and buses; high output stationary engine installations; and locomotive and marine installations. Prediluted coolants shall be prepared using deionized Ethylene glycol base engine coolant concentrates or prediluted ethylene glycol base engine coolants shall be formulated with ethylene glycol. The coolants shall conform to the prescribed physical, chemical, and performance requirements, which include relative density, freezing point, boiling point, ash content, pH, reserve alkalinity, water content, chloride ion content, silicon content, corrosion in glassware, simulated service test, foaming, and cavitation. The color and effect of nonmetals of the coolant shall be evaluated. Prediluted coolant shall also meet the required content of sulfate and iron. Its CaCO3 content shall be tested to determine its hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for low silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 % to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing to at least −36.4 °C (−33.5 °F), and boiling to at least 108 °C (226 °F).
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol, and glycerin base heat transfer fluids (HTF) used in heating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. When concentrates are used at up to 65% concentration by weight in water, or when prediluted heat transfer fluids (30% by weight minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against freezing, and corrosion. The HTFs governed by this specification are categorized according to the primary base of freeze depressant used: I (ethylene glycol), II (propylene glycol), III (1,3-propanediol), and IV (glycerin).
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IV  
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1.4 Heat transfer fluids meeting this specification shall be tested and fully comply with requirements listed in Table 1.  
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FIG. 1 Metal Specimens and Equipment for the 336 h Corrosion Test
FIG. 2 Tall Form Beaker Specimens and Equipment for the 336 h Corrosion Test
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This specification establishes the testing and requirements of four types of engine coolant grade ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, including virgin glycols and those derived from the recycling of vehicle engine coolants and industrial source glycols. Types EG-1 and PG-1 cover glycols with sufficiently low limits on components to allow a blended coolant to meet most OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) specifications. These types will probably be virgin materials, although redistillation could produce a sufficiently pure product. Types EG-2 and PG-2 cover glycol that will be suitable for many coolants, and can either be redistilled or virgin. The commercial products shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall conform accordingly to specified values of the following physical and chemical properties: clarity; color (Pt/Co scale); relative density; pH by volume in distilled water; acidity as acetic acid; composition by mass of individual glycols (including ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and others); total composition by mass of all glycols; water content; glycol ester content; and the maximum content for nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, silicon, chloride, sulfate, boron, aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, lead, zinc, and iron.
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ASTM D1122-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Relative Density of Engine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants By The Hydrometer

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4.1 The relative density of an engine coolant may be used to determine the approximate percent glycol, freezing point, and boiling point, provided the glycol type is known.  
4.2 The relative density of an engine coolant concentrate can be used as a production control test.  
4.3 ASTM specifications normally state the temperatures for relative density of fluids; 25 °C, 20 °C, and 15.6 °C are commonly used temperatures.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative density of glycols, glycerin, heat transfer fluids, engine coolant concentrates, and aqueous engine coolants.  
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Standard Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concentrate by the Karl Fischer Reagent Method

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5.1 The total apparent water in engine coolant concentrate as determined by Karl Fischer titrations consists of the following: (1) water present in the original glycol base; (2) water added (for example, inhibitor solutions); (3) water of hydration of inhibitors (for example, Na2B4O7·5H2O); (4) water formed in the chemical reaction between borate and ethylene glycol, producing boratediol condensate and water; and (5) quantitative interference by the reaction of the reagent with inhibitors such as tetraborate or sodium hydroxide.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the water present in new or unused glycol-based coolant concentrates using a volumetric (Test Method A) or an automatic coulometric titrator procedure (Test Method B).  
1.2 Many carbonyl compounds react slowly with the Fischer reagent, causing a fading end point and leading to high results. A modified Fischer reagent procedure is included that minimizes these undesirable and interfering reactions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see Sections 8 and 16.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Denatonium Benzoate in Engine Coolant by HPLC

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides for the qualitative and quantitative determination of denatonium benzoate in engine coolant in milligrams per litre to low percent range and requires approximately 1 mL per test, with results available in less than 10 min. Denatonium benzoate is a compound composed of a quaternary ammonium cation, denatonium and an inert anion, benzoate. In solution the denatonium benzoate exists in equilibrium between the denatonium benzoate compound, the denatonium cation and benzoate anion. By slightly adjusting the pH of the solution to be more acidic (≈ pH 4.6) the equilibrium will be shifted to the direction of forming more denatonium and benzoate ions in the solution.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the chemical analysis of engine coolant for denatonium benzoate (DNB) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). DNB is added to potentially render engine coolant unpalatable to animals and humans. This analytical method was designed for the analysis of DNB and is not valid for any other bittering agents such as denatonium saccharide.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to both new and used coolants.  
1.3 Coelution of other ions may cause interferences in the detection of the denatonium cation. In the case of unfamiliar formulations, identification verification should be performed by either or both fortification and dilution of the sample matrix with denatonium ion.  
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