ASTM C838-16

Standard Test Method for Bulk Density of As-Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Shapes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means of determining bulk density on as-manufactured logs, blocks, or shaped articles.  
4.2 This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and acceptance specifications.  
4.3 Test Method C559 may be used when a higher degree of accuracy is required.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of as-manufactured carbon and graphite from measurements of mass and dimensions at room temperature.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to boronated carbon and graphite.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to carbon- and graphite-containing materials that are thermally unstable at or below temperatures of 200 °C.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2015
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.F0 - Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C838-96(2010)e1 - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density of As-Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Shapes
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM C559-16(2020) - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Refers: ASTM C559-16 - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM C559-90(2010) - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Refers: ASTM C559-90(2005) - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Refers: ASTM C559-90(2000) - Standard Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2000
• Referred By: ASTM C1039-85(2020)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Graphite Electrodes
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D7301-21 - Standard Specification for Nuclear Graphite Suitable for Components Subjected to Low Neutron Irradiation Dose
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Referred By: ASTM C1783-15 - Standard Guide for Development of Specifications for Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures for Nuclear Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D7219-19 - Standard Specification for Isotropic and Near-isotropic Nuclear Graphites
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Referred By: ASTM C1793-15 - Standard Guide for Development of Specifications for Fiber Reinforced Silicon Carbide-Silicon Carbide Composite Structures for Nuclear Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Referred By: ASTM C781-20 - Standard Practice for Testing Graphite Materials for Gas-Cooled Nuclear Reactor Components
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Referred By: ASTM C1836-16(2023) - Standard Classification for Fiber Reinforced Carbon-Carbon Composite Structures
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C838 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Bulk Density of As-Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
1
Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C838; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides a means of determining bulk
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density
of as-manufactured carbon and graphite from measurements of density on as-manufactured logs, blocks, or shaped articles.
mass and dimensions at room temperature.
4.2 This test method is suitable for manufacturing control
1.2 This test method is applicable to boronated carbon and and acceptance specifications.
graphite.
4.3 Test Method C559 may be used when a higher degree of
1.3 This test method is not applicable to carbon- and accuracy is required.
graphite-containing materials that are thermally unstable at or
5. Test Specimens
below temperatures of 200 °C.
5.1 Logs or Blocks—May be measured and weighed as-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
manufactured or after rough ends have been squared by
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
machining. The stock shall preferably have been indoors after
standard.
heattreatment;ifthereisdoubtthatthepieceisdry,weigh,dry,
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and reweigh it. Repeat, if necessary, until there is less than
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
0.1 % weight loss. The drying temperature should be from
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
110 °C to 200 °C.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.2 Shaped Articles—Other than right circular cylinders or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
rectangular parallelepipeds may be measured, and a correction
made for the cavities or protuberances if the specimen volume
2. Referenced Documents
can be determined within 0.5 % (see 6.2).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measure-
6. Procedure
ments of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
6.1 Logs or Blocks—Measure as-manufactured on the diam-
eter or cross section at two different locations, taking care to
3. Terminology
avoid distortions. Take four length measurements on cylinders
3.1 Definitions:
90° apart on the periphery of the circular end faces. On
3.1.1 bulk density, n—in carbon and graphite technology,
rectangular pieces, make four length measurements, two each
the mass of a unit volume including both permeable and
along opposite faces. Make additional measurements, if
impermeable voids (and boron compounds in the case of
needed, to determine a valid mean for each dimension. Make
boronated carbon or boronated graphite) present in the material
dimensional and mass measurements with equipment accurate
at room temperature.
to 0.5 %.
NOTE 1—Corrections of mass measurements for buoyancy effects in air
are generally negligible for the accuracy obtained.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum
6.2 Shaped Articles—Make dimensional and mass measure-
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
ments with equipment accurate to 0.5 %.
mittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016. Published February 2016. Originally
ɛ1
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C838 – 96 (2010) .
7. Calculation
DOI: 10.1520/C0838-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 7.1 Calculate the bulk density as follows:
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
M
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D 5
the ASTM website. V
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C838 − 16
where: laboratories. Each laboratory utilized two independent
3
observers, each making a replicate set of measurements. Also,
D = density, kg/m ,
each laboratory was instructed to use normal industrial
M = mass, kg, and
3
V = volume, m . practice, that is, no special calibration or precaution. The data
were tested against the null hypothesis (no difference between
7.2 Calculate to
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C838 − 96 (Reapproved 2010) C838 − 16 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Bulk Density of As-Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
1
Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C838; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Updated units of measurement throughout the standard editorially in May 2010.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of as-manufactured carbon and graphite from measurements of
mass and dimensions at room temperature.
1.2 This test method is applicable to boronated carbon and graphite.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to carbon- and graphite-containing materials that are thermally unstable at or below
temperatures of 200°C.200 °C.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measurements of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:Definitions:
3.1.1 bulk density, n—in carbon and graphite technology, the mass of a unit volume including both permeable and impermeable
voids (and boron compounds in the case of boronated carbon or boronated graphite) present in the material at room temperature.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides a means of determining bulk density on as-manufactured logs, blocks, or shaped articles.
4.2 This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and acceptance specifications.
4.3 Test Method C559 may be used when a higher degree of accuracy is required.
5. Test Specimens
5.1 Logs or Blocks—May be measured and weighed as-manufactured or after rough ends have been squared by machining. The
stock shall preferably have been indoors after heat treatment; if there is doubt that the piece is dry, weigh, dry, and reweigh it.
Repeat, if necessary, until there is less than 0.1 % weight loss. The drying temperature should be from 110110 °C to 200°C.200 °C.
5.2 Shaped Articles—Other than right circular cylinders or rectangular parallelepipeds may be measured, and a correction made
for the cavities or protuberances if the specimen volume can be determined within 0.5 % (see 6.2).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2016. Published May 2010February 2016. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
ɛ1
C838 – 96 (2005).(2010) . DOI: 10.1520/C0838-96R10E01.10.1520/C0838-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C838 − 16
6. Procedure
6.1 Logs or Blocks—Measure as-manufactured on the diameter or cross section at two different locations, taking care to avoid
distortions. Take four length measurements on cylinders 90° apart on the periphery of the circular end faces. On rectangular pieces,
make four length measurements, two each along opposite faces. Make additional measurements, if needed, to determine a valid
mean for each dimension. Make dimensional and mass measurements with equipment accurate to 0.5 %.
NOTE 1—Corrections of mass measurements for buoyancy effects in air are generally negligible for the accuracy obtained.
6.2 Shaped Articles—Make dimensional and mass measurements with equipment accurate to 0.5 %.
7. Calculation
7.1 Calculate the bulk density as foll
...