ASTM D5752-98
(Specification)Standard Specification for Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) for Use in Precharging Coolants for Heavy-Duty Engines
Standard Specification for Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) for Use in Precharging Coolants for Heavy-Duty Engines
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general, physical, chemical and performance requirements for Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) at a precharged level in the cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. Note 1-After precharging, SCAs are customarily used to periodically service cooling systems at 1/4 to 1/3 the precharged dosage, in order to compensate for additives lost through dilution and depletion.
1.2 The SCA products meeting this specification are intended for use with water or recommended dilutions of coolant concentrates, or prediluted engine coolants. Engine coolant products shall be of the low-silicate type Specification D4985, or Specification D5345, if ethylene glycol based. Propylene glycol base low-silicate-type coolant products may also be used, if these materials meet the chemical and performance requirements of Specification D4985 or Specification D5345.
1.3 The SCA concentrate before dissolution may be in either liquid, solid, or slurry form. The form is as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the user.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are approximate equivalents provided for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 2.
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Designation: D 5752 – 98
Standard Specification for
Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) for Use in
Precharging Coolants for Heavy-Duty Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5752; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine
Coolants and Antirusts
1.1 This specification covers the general, physical, chemi-
D 1126 Test Method for Hardness of Water
cal, and performance requirements for Supplemental Coolant
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Additives (SCAs) at a precharged level in the cooling systems
D 1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-
of heavy-duty engines.
rusts
NOTE 1—After precharging, SCAs are customarily used periodically to
D 1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
1 1
service cooling systems at ⁄4 to ⁄3 the precharged dosage to compensate
D 1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants
for additives lost through dilution and depletion.
in Glassware
1.2 The SCA products meeting this specification are in-
D 1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine
tended for use with water or recommended dilutions of coolant
Coolants in Glassware
concentrates or prediluted engine coolants. Engine coolant
D 1882 Test Method for Effect of Cooling System Chemical
products shall be of the low-silicate type Specification D 4985,
Solutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive Vehicles
or Specification D 5345, if ethylene glycol based. Propylene
D 1888 Test Methods for Particulate and Dissolved Matter
glycol base low-silicate-type coolant products may also be
in Water
used, if these materials meet the chemical and performance
D 2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Test-
requirements of Specification D 4985 or Specification D 5345.
ing of Engine Coolants
1.3 The SCA concentrate before dissolution may be in either
D 2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion-
liquid, solid, or slurry form. The form is as agreed upon
Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps with En-
between the manufacturer and the user. 2
gine Coolants
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D 3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine
standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are approximate
Coolants
equivalents provided for information only.
D 4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Chemically
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Suppressed Ion Chromatography
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D 4340 Test Method for Corrosion of Cast Aluminum
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Alloys in Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting Condi-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tions
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
D 4725 Terminology for Engine Coolants
tionary statements are given in Note 2.
D 4985 Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol
Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring
2. Referenced Documents
an Initial Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2
(SCA)
D 512 Test Method for Chloride Ion in Water
D 5223 Specification for Engine Coolant Grade Propylene
D 516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water 2
Glycol
D 1119 Test Method for Ash Content of Engine Coolants
D 5345 Specification for Prediluted Aqueous Ethylene Gly-
and Antirusts
col Base Low-Silicate Engine Coolant (50 Volume Percent
Minimum) for Heavy-Duty Engines Requiring an Initial
Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-15 on
Engine Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.07 on
Specifications.
Current edition approved April 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
published as D 5752 - 95. Last previous edition D 5752 - 95. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05. Discontinued 1991; see 1990 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5752
TABLE 1 Composition of Test Solutions for Table 2 Performance
D 5827 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Engine Cool-
A
Requirements
ant for Chloride and Other Anions by Ion Chromatogra-
Test Method SCA Concentrate Solvent Mixture
phy
B
D 1384 one-half manufacturer’s standard corrosive water
D 5828 Standard Test Method for Compatibility of Supple-
recommended precharged
mental Coolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant
level
Concentrates
D 1384 three times manufacturer’s 33 vol % ethylene glycol in
B,C
recommended precharged standard corrosive water
D 6129 Standard Test Method for Silicon in Engine Coolant
2 level
Concentrates by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D 1881 manufacturer’s recommended 33 vol % ethylene glycol in
B,C
D 6130 Standard Test Method for the Determination of
precharge level standard corrosive water
D 2570 manufacturer’s recommended 44 vol % ethylene glycol in
Silicon and Other Elements in Engine Coolant by Induc-
B,C
2 precharge level standard corrosive water
tively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
D 2809 manufacturer’s recommended 16.7 vol % ethylene glycol in
B,C
E 1177 Specification for Anti-Freeze Grade Ethylene Gly-
precharge level standard corrosive water
D 4340 manufacturer’s recommended 165-mg/L NaCl dissolved in a
col
precharge level 1-L solution of 25 vol %
G 32 Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory
ethylene glycol in deionized
C,D
Apparatus
water
A
Test solution to be prepared according to Section 4.
3. General Requirements B
See Section 7 of Test Method D 2570 for composition and method of
preparation of standard corrosive water.
3.1 The SCA concentrate upon addition to water or water/
C
Ethylene glycol shall meet Specification E 1177. If propylene glycol is used as
glycol mixtures at the SCA manufacturer’s recommended
an alternate to ethylene glycol, the propylene glycol shall meet Specification
D 5223. (See Caution in Note 2.)
addition level shall provide, excepting freeze and boil protec-
D
Water conforming to Type IV of Specification D 1193 is acceptable.
tion, the same performance as coolants meeting Specification
D 4985 or Specification D 5345.
3.2 Liquid SCA concentrates shall be storable in the manu-
cation as established in Table 1 and Table 2, the propylene
facturer’s original container at temperatures from − 7
glycol shall meet Specification D 5223.
to + 55°C (20 to 130°F) without chemical change. Any pre-
NOTE 2—Caution: Propylene glycol base coolants have not been
cipitation of ingredients evidenced by the dropout of solid
extensively tested for precharging with an SCA, and therefore, the effect
material or liquid turbidity shall disappear upon agitation and
warming of the solution to a temperature exceeding 2°C
A
TABLE 2 Performance Requirements
(35°F).
Property Specific Values Test Method
3.3 Solid, slurry, and paste forms of SCA concentrate shall
be so formulated and packaged as to prevent chemical or Corrosion in glassware mass loss, D 1384
mg/specimen
physical change during storage before use. This requirement
Copper 10 max
applies to storage temperatures of − 7 to + 55°C (20 to 130°F),
Solder 30 max
Brass 10 max
regardless of humidity.
Steel 10 max
3.4 The SCA concentrates, when used according to the
Cast iron 10 max
manufacturer’s recommendations, shall dissolve totally in the
Aluminum 30 max
test solutions required in this specification. A light haze is Simulated service test mass loss, D 2570
mg/specimen
permitted.
Copper 20 max
3.5 If an engine, vehicle, or servicing organization recom-
Solder 60 max
mends adding an SCA product to a fully formulated coolant, Brass 20 max
Steel 20 max
the recommending organization assumes responsibility for
Cast iron 20 max
determining the compatibility and conducting suitable tests.
Aluminum 60 max
Foaming D 1881
The American Society for Testing and Materials has a compat-
Volume, mL 150 max
ibility test under development. At the present time, it is
Break time, s 5 max
recommended that SCAs be used only in conjunction with
Water pump cavitation erosion- 8 min D 2809
corrosion rating
coolant products meeting Specification D 4985 or Specification
Corrosion of cast aluminum alloys at 1.0 max D 4340
D 5345.
heat-rejecting surfaces, mg/cm /week
Ultrasonic cavitation resistance see Annex A1 under development
4. Preparation of Test Solutions B
SCA-glycol base coolant compatibility under development
Hot surface scaling and deposits . under development
4.1 The preparation of test solutions for this specification is
C
resistance
listed in Table 1. Where ethylene glycol is required, it shall
A
Test solutions for use in meeting Table 2 performance requirements are to be
meet Specification E 1177. Where distilled water is required, it
prepared according to Table 1.
B
shall conform to Type IV of Specification D 1193. If propylene An ASTM test method has not been standardized. SCA products may be
required to meet a compatibility requirement. In such cases, an agreement must
glycol is to be used to meet the requirements of this specifi-
be established between the SCA manufacturer and engine or vehicle user. This
agreement shall include a definition of the test procedure, acceptable equipment,
and the performance rating criteria.
C
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02. See Appendix X2 for additional information.
D 5752
of different glycol products on property performance is not well estab- TABLE 4 Physical and Chemical Properties
lished. A
Property Specific Values Test Method
4.2 The quantity of any freshly prepared test solution
Ash content, dissolved in distilled 5 max D 1119
water, mass, %
required in this specification shall be sufficient to perform the
pH, in distilled water 7.5 to 11.0 D 1287
specific tests. However, no test solution shall be stored longer
B
Reserve alkalinity, in distilled water report D 1121
than 96 h before initiation of a specific procedure. Chloride ion, in distilled water, ppm 25 max D 3634, D 5827
Silicon, in distilled water, ppm 250 max D 6129, D 6130
C
Effect on vehicle finish no effect D 1882
5. Detailed Requirements
A
Property must be met with the specified solution, at an SCA precharge addition
5.1 Test solutions prepared according to Table 1 and the
level recommended by the SCA manufacturer. (This is usually 3 % by volume.)
B
specific instructions in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 Value agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.
C
Currently, many heavy-duty engine manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers
shall meet the respective general requirements in Table 3, the
that use these engines prepare test panels using the specific paint finishes used
physical and chemical requirements of Table 4, and the
on their actual products. Coolant product manufacturers and equipment builders
should agree on the exact test procedures and acceptance criteria on an individual
performance requirements in Table 2.
case basis.
5.2 The SCAs shall additionally provide added protection in
operating engines against cavitation corrosion (also termed
faces. Hot surfaces are typically within the engine head, head
liner pitting) and against scaling of internal engine hot sur-
spacer, or liquid-cooled exhaust manifold. The American
Society for Testing and Materials has test methods under
TABLE 3 General Requirements
development for both cavitation corrosion and hot surfaces
Property Specific Value Test Method scaling. Until these procedures are adopted as ASTM stan-
A
Effect on nonmetals no adverse effect under consideration
dards, the mandatory requirements of Annex A1 shall apply.
Storage stability see 3.2 and 3.3 .
A
6. Keywords
Evaluate using the SCA concentrate at the manufacturer’s recommended
precharge level in a 50:50 volume mixture of distilled water and ethylene glycol
6.1 heavy-duty engine coolants; precharging heavy-duty
conforming to Specification E 1177, or alternatively, propylene glycol conforming to
Specification D 5223. engines; SCA; supplemental coolant additives
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SCAs
A1.1 Test methods to determine cavitation corrosion resis- ternate composition exerts a positive influence on reducing
tance are under development. Several chemical compositions cavitation corrosion in an operating engine.
of SCAs have been extensively tested by producers and users A1.2.3 In-service qualification tests may consist of single-
and found to minimize satisfactorily cylinder liner cavitation in or multiple-cylinder engine tests. At the option of the engine or
actual test engines. Until such time as an ASTM procedure is vehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “loose
adopted that effectively evaluates cylinder liner cavitation engines” or in engines fully integrated into an application such
corrosion, SCA formulations under this specification shall as a vehicle, a power boat, or a stationary power source.
provide the following when used at the SCA manufacturer’s
A1.3 Chemical composition requirements for cavitation
recommended precharge addition level:
corrosion protection will be removed from this specification
A1.1.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite as NO in the
and replaced with an ASTM test method when a test method is
cooling system of 1000 ppm, or
developed and adopted.
A1.1.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite as
A1.4 No specific chemical composition requirements for
NO plus molybdate as MoO in the cooling system of 650
2 4
hot surface scaling and deposit’s resistance have been estab-
ppm. At least 200 ppm each of NO and MoO must be present.
2 4
lished at this time. A test procedure for this property is under
A1.1.3 Concentrations below these levels may not provide
development and will be incorporated into Table 2 when a
sufficient protection. (See X1.1.3.2 for further information.)
procedure is approved by ASTM.
A1.2 Composition limits in A1.1 are waived provided:
A1.5 Lack of compatibility between the coolant and SCA
A1.2.1 The SCA producer and engine manufacturer agree to product’s chemistry results in chemical ingredient dropout
specified composition limits for one or more chemical ingre- from solution, with potential adverse effects in the vehicle or
dients other than those stated in A1.1. engine cooling system. A test procedure for compatibility is
A1.2.2 Both parties agree to accept laboratory da
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