ASTM D3044-16(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Shear Modulus of Wood-Based Structural Panels
Standard Test Method for Shear Modulus of Wood-Based Structural Panels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is most useful for determining the moduli of rigidity of orthotropic materials for which moduli of rigidity cannot be computed from elastic moduli and Poisson's ratios. The shear modulus determined by this method appears in the equation governing the bending of a plate. This is the modulus that is needed in discussing the deflection and buckling of plates.
Note 2: Test Methods D2718 describes a plate method for determination of modulus of rigidity of structural panels.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the shear modulus of wood-based structural panels associated with shear distortion in the plane of the panels. The method is applicable to all types of wood-based structural panels. The grain direction or orientation of the individual plies, laminations, or layers shall be parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the test specimen. If the plies, laminations, or layers are of different material or elastic properties, the method gives the effective shearing modulus. Wood-based structural panels in use include plywood, oriented strand board, and composites of veneer and of wood-based layers.
Note 1: This test method is primarily designed for material in which the grain or orientation of the individual plies, laminations, or layers is parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the specimen. It may be used, however, for plywood specimens in which the grain is at 45° to the specimen edges if a four-ply panel with all plies of the same thickness is used. The controlling condition is that the EI (modulus of elasticity × moment of inertia) values along both diagonals shall be equal.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3044 − 16 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Shear Modulus of Wood-Based Structural Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3044; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers determination of the shear
D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
modulus of wood-based structural panels associated with shear
tive Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
distortion in the plane of the panels. The method is applicable
to all types of wood-based structural panels. The grain direc- D2718 Test Methods for Structural Panels in Planar Shear
(Rolling Shear)
tion or orientation of the individual plies, laminations, or layers
shall be parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the test D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
specimen. If the plies, laminations, or layers are of different
material or elastic properties, the method gives the effective
3. Summary of Test Method
shearing modulus. Wood-based structural panels in use include
plywood, oriented strand board, and composites of veneer and 3.1 The test consists of twisting a square plate of material by
applying loads at the ends of one diagonal and supporting the
of wood-based layers.
plate at the ends of the other diagonal. From theory on the
NOTE 1—This test method is primarily designed for material in which
flexure of flat plates the deflections of the plate under this
the grain or orientation of the individual plies, laminations, or layers is
loading is related to the shear modulus of the plate. Deflections
parallel or perpendicular to the edge of the specimen. It may be used,
however, for plywood specimens in which the grain is at 45° to the of the plate at points on the diagonal are measured relative to
specimen edges if a four-ply panel with all plies of the same thickness is
its center. The shear modulus of the specimen is determined
used. The controlling condition is that the EI (modulus of elastic-
from load-deflection data. The shear modulus obtained is that
ity × moment of inertia) values along both diagonals shall be equal.
associated with shearing distortion in the plane of the plate. A
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
photograph of testing apparatus and a deflection measuring
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
device is given in Fig. 1.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4. Significance and Use
and are not considered standard.
4.1 This test method is most useful for determining the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
moduli of rigidity of orthotropic materials for which moduli of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rigidity cannot be computed from elastic moduli and Poisson’s
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ratios. The shear modulus determined by this method appears
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
in the equation governing the bending of a plate. This is the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
modulus that is needed in discussing the deflection and
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
buckling of plates.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
NOTE 2—Test Methods D2718 describes a plate method for determi-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- nation of modulus of rigidity of structural panels.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Control of Moisture Content
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 The structural panel samples to be tested at specific
moisture contents or equilibrium relative humidities shall be
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3044 – 16. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D3044-16R23.
the ASTM website.
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D3044 − 16 (2023)
FIG. 1 Shear Modulus Test of Structural Panel Showing Method of Loading and Observing the Deflections Along the Diagonals
conditioned to approximately constant mass in controlled deflection should be supported on the plate to ensure accurate
atmospheric conditions. For approximating moisture condi- measurements. Do not stress the plate beyond its elastic range,
tions of panels used under dry conditions, a relative humidity and choose increments of load so that not less than 12 and
of 65 6 2 % at a temperature of 68 6 6 °F (20 6 3 °C) is preferably 15 load-deflection readings are taken. To eliminate
recommended. Specimens shall be tested without undue delay the effects of slight initial curvature obtain two sets of data, the
after conditioning. Testing in similarly controlled atmosphere second set with the panel rotated 90° about an axis through the
is recommended whenever possible. center of the plate and perpendicular to the plane o
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