ASTM C592-22a

Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral fiber blanket insulation and blanket-type pipe insulation (metal-mesh covered) (industrial type). Mineral fiber metal-mesh covered blanket shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with or without an organic binder, and secured with metallic supporting facing(s). Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are permitted to have the same or different types on the two sides. Each piece of metal-mesh covered insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation and installation as a unit. A detectable odor of objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall constitute rejection of the material. When tested and evaluated, the corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no greater than comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton. The averaged maximum shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall not exceed 30 % by weight. When tested, the blanket insulation shall not warp, flame, or glow during hot surface exposure. When tested, the blanket mid-point temperature shall not at any time exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 100°F (55.5°C). When tested, the blanket insulation shall not exceed the recorded temperature rise more than 54°F (30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) metal mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger)). Its use is for cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on expansion joints to large diameter vessels and tanks operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance.  
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the heated surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system.  
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and the Naval Systems Command.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internatio...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2022
• ICS: 27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.23 - Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation

Relations

• Refers: ASTM C168-24 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM C390-08(2024) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM E136-24a - Standard Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 °C
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM E136-24 - Standard Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 °C
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM E84-23d - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM C680-23a - Standard Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and Spherical Systems by Use of Computer Programs
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM E84-23c - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2023
• Refers: ASTM C390-08(2019) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2019
• Refers: ASTM C1104/C1104M-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2019
• Refers: ASTM E84-19b - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM C1617-19 - Standard Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions Leached from Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion of Metals
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM E84-19a - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM C1045-19 - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM E84-19 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Refers: ASTM C411-19 - Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019

Overview

ASTM C592-22a: Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type) establishes requirements for mineral fiber insulation products used in industrial applications. This specification applies to both blanket insulation and blanket-type pipe insulation covered with metal mesh, suitable for large-diameter pipes, tanks, and vessels. These insulation products are made from rock, slag, or glass fibers and are used to control thermal transmission in a wide range of operating temperatures, offering resistance to heat, moisture, and surface burning.

The standard defines product composition, physical properties, dimensions, types of facing, and performance criteria. ASTM C592-22a is developed in accordance with international principles for standardization and is designated for use by agencies such as the U.S. Department of Defense.

Key Topics

• Product Composition and Types

  • Mineral fiber insulation can be composed of rock, slag, or glass fibers processed from the molten state.
  • The standard covers both metal-mesh covered and non-metal-mesh (industrial type) blanket insulation.
  • Four types are defined based on maximum use temperature and conductivity.

• Physical and Performance Requirements

  • Insulation must provide dimensional stability, handleability, and minimal warp, flame, or glow when exposed to high temperatures.
  • Requirements for water vapor sorption, linear shrinkage, odor emission, and fungi resistance ensure product durability and safety.
  • Products must meet specific density, shot content, and non-combustibility limits.
  • Corrosiveness tests ensure suitability in contact with steel, copper, or aluminum.

• Facings and Metal Mesh Types

  • Facings can be applied to one or both sides and specified as galvanized steel, stainless steel wire mesh, or painted expanded metal lath.
  • Proper selection of facing and tie wires is essential based on temperature exposure and corrosion considerations.

• Testing and Inspection

  • Dimensions, density, thermal performance, and surface burning characteristics are verified by standardized test methods.
  • Inspection criteria also address workmanship, dimensional tolerances, and compliance with purchase specifications.

Applications

ASTM C592-22a mineral fiber insulation is widely used in the following industrial applications:

• Large-Diameter Piping & Vessels

  • Suitable for pipes with diameters of 24 inches (610 mm) and larger.
  • Applied to tanks, expansion joints, and process equipment to regulate heat flow.

• Temperature Control

  • Effective for both heated applications up to 1200°F (649°C) and cooled surfaces down to 0°F (−18°C).
  • Commonly installed on high-temperature process systems, boilers, and energy plants.

• Moisture and Vapor Resistance

  • Use with vapor retarders is recommended for below-ambient temperature applications to prevent condensation and maintain insulation effectiveness.
  • Industrial environments where moisture ingress or corrosion protection is critical.

• Military and Defense

  • Approved for U.S. Department of Defense and Navy use (excluding nuclear shipboard applications), with supplementary requirements for vibration resistance and binder content.

Related Standards

ASTM C592-22a references several related standards, essential for those specifying or applying mineral fiber insulation:

• ASTM C167 – Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal Insulations
• ASTM C168 – Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
• ASTM C411 – Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
• ASTM C1136 – Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders
• ASTM E84 – Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• ASTM C1338 – Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings

Additional documents such as ASTM C921 (material selection for jacketing) and CAN/ULC-S102 (Canadian building codes) may also be relevant for specific applications.

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Keywords: mineral fiber insulation, metal-mesh blanket insulation, industrial pipe insulation, ASTM C592, thermal insulation, corrosion resistance, high-temperature insulation, vapor retarder, industrial thermal protection, insulation standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C592 −22a
Standard Specification for
Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe
Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C592; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.6 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass)
and are not considered standard.
metal mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-
typepipeinsulation(typicallyon24in.(610mm)diametersor 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
larger)).Itsuseisforcooledsurfacesattemperaturesoperating safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
expansion joints to large diameter vessels and tanks operating priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
between the manufacturer and purchaser.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protec-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tive vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
water vapor through or around the insulation towards the
colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to
2. Referenced Documents
insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid
material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not
2.1 ASTM Standards:
part of this specification, properties required in Specification
C167Test Methods forThickness and Density of Blanket or
C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance.
Batt Thermal Insulations
C168Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is
C177Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
primarilyparalleltotheheatedsurface.Thisspecificationdoes
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orien-
C356Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-
tation that is perpendicular to the heated surface.
Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the perfor-
Heat
mance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the
C390Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
manufacturer for the appropriate system.
Insulation Lots
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to
C411Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-
sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in
Temperature Thermal Insulation
the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications
C447Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Tempera-
utilizedbytheU.S.DepartmentofDefense,Departmentofthe
ture of Thermal Insulations
Navy, and the Naval Systems Command.
C518Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on
Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as C592–22. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0592-22A. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C592−22a
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
A
Properties Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Maximum use temperature °F (°C) 850 (454) 1200 (649) 1200 (649) 1200 (649)
(see 6.2.1) (Excluding metal-mesh
all facings and metal tie- wires/stitching)
B
Apparent Thermal Conductivity
(Excluding all facings and
metal tie-wires/stitching)
max Btu, in./h ft °F (W/m K)
Mean Temperature,
°F (°C)
25 (−4) 0.21 (0.030) 0.21 (0.030) 0.23 (0.033) 0.23 (0.033)
75 (24) 0.25 (0.036) 0.25 (0.036) 0.24 (0.035) 0.24 (0.035)
100 (38) 0.27 (0.039) 0.27 (0.039) 0.26 (0.038) 0.26 (0.038)
200 (93) 0.34 (0.049) 0.34 (0.049) 0.31 (0.045) 0.31 (0.045)
300 (149) 0.43 (0.062) 0.42 (0.060) 0.37 (0.053) 0.37 (0.053)
400 (204) 0.55 (0.079) 0.53 (0.076) 0.44 (0.063) 0.44 (0.063)
500 (260) 0.70 (0.101) 0.64 (0.092) 0.52 (0.075) 0.52 (0.075)
600 (316) 0.75 (0.108) 0.60 (0.087) 0.60 (0.087)
700 (371) 0.86 (0.124) 0.70 (0.101) 0.70 (0.101)
Linear Shrinkage, max % at maximum 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
use temperature
C
Water Vapor Sorption, max % 5.0 5.0 1.25 1.25
by weight
Surface Burning Characteristics
Maximum-flame spread index 25 25 25 25
Maximum smoke developed index 50 50 50 50
D 3 3
Density maximum, lb/ft (kg ⁄m ) 10 (160) 12 (192) 8 (128) 8 (128)
A
Type IV is for the Industrial Type, non-metal-mesh covered blankets only.
B
Values for apparent thermal conductivity are for insulation and do not include mesh and wire through insulation thickness. Therefore, Practice C680 or other heat loss
analysis using these data are not possible without accounting for heat losses through attaching media.
C
Some water sorption characteristics will change after the product is subjected to elevated temperatures within normal service conditions.
D
The maximum density specified is for the weight design purpose only and includes weight for the facings. Additional density requirements including the density for the
blanket without facing(s) are permitted to be specified by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer or seller.
C665SpecificationforMineral-FiberBlanketThermalInsu- C1617Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory
lation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions
Housing Leached from Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion
C680Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the of Metals
Surface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and E84Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Spherical Systems by Use of Computer Programs Building Materials
C795Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con- E136TestMethodforAssessingCombustibilityofMaterials
tact with Austenitic Stainless Steel Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C
C921Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing 2.2 Other Document:
Materials for Thermal Insulation (Withdrawn 2021)
CAN/ULC-S102 Standard Method of Test for Surface
C1045Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop- BurningCharacteristicsofBuildingMaterialsandAssem-
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
blies
C1058Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
3. Terminology
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
C1104/C1104MTest Method for Determining the Water
3.1 Terminology C168 shall be the terms used in this
Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation
specification.
C1114Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
3.2.1 mean temperature—the sum of the cold surface tem-
C1136Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor
perature and the hot surface temperature divided by two.
Retarders for Thermal Insulation
3.2.2 metal-mesh covered blanket—mineral fiber thermal
C1304Test Method for Assessing the Odor Emission of
insulation held together by metal-mesh facings on one or both
Thermal Insulation Materials
sideswithheat-resistantmetaltiesattachedthroughtheblanket
C1335Test Method for Measuring Non-Fibrous Content of
from one face to the other.
Man-Made Rock and Slag Mineral Fiber Insulation
3.2.3 metal-mesh covered blanket-type pipe—mineral fiber
C1338Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of
thermalinsulationsizedtofitaroundalargeNominalPipeSize
Insulation Materials and Facings
3 4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,
www.astm.org. WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
C592−22a
(NPS) and held together by metal-mesh facings on one or both 6.2.2.2 Woven netting, nonferrous No. 20 to 22 gage (0.82
sideswithheat-resistantmetaltiesattachedthroughtheblanket to 0.64 mm) diameter, 300 series stainless steel wire mesh, 1
from one face to the other. in. (25 mm) hexagonal shaped.
6.2.2.3 Stucco expanded metal lath, (painted finish, not
3.2.4 industrial type (faced and unfaced) blanket—mineral
flattened, not galvanized) having 1.5 in. (38 mm) diamond-
fiber thermal insulation without a metal mesh covering.
shaped openings, No. 18 gage (1.2 mm) thickness, weighing
3.2.5 industrial type (faced and unfaced) blanket-type
2 2
1.8 lb/yd (1010 g/m ).
pipe—mineral fiber thermal insulation without a metal mesh
6.2.2.4 Expanded metal lath, (painted finish, not flattened,
covering and sized to fit around a large Nominal Pipe Sizes
not galvanized) having diamond-shaped openings, weighing
(NPS)
2 2
2.5 lb/yd (1400 g/m ).
6.2.3 Other kinds or compositions of facings are permitted
4. Classification
to be specified.
4.1 Mineral fiber blanket insulation covered by this speci-
6.3 Manufacture/Fabrication:
ficationshallbeclassifiedintothefourtypesshowninTable1.
6.3.1 Metalmeshfacing(s)shallbesecuredtotheinsulation
TYPE I, II, and III are classified as metal-mesh covered
face on one or both side(s) with minimum (diameter) No. 28
blankets and TYPE IV is classified as industrial type, non-
gage(0.32mm),300Seriesalloy,non-ferrousstainlesssteeltie
metal-mesh covered (faced & unfaced) blanket. The classifi-
wiresorstitchingnogreaterthan12in.(305mm)apartpassing
cation is based upon the maximum use temperature and
verticallythroughtheblanket.Spacing(attachmentpattern)for
apparent thermal conductivity.
vertical steel tie wires and stitching must include rows within
2 in. (51 mm) from all edges of the blanket.
5. Ordering Information
6.3.2 Minimum (diameter) No. 28 gage (0.41 mm) galva-
5.1 The type, dimensions, maximum use temperature, and
nized steel tie wires or stitching is permitted to be used for
metal mesh covering or facings for one or both sides, or a
securement with galvanized steel facings.
combination thereof, shall be specified by the purchaser. A
6.4 Any non-metal mesh-facings for industrial type blanket
product certification shall be specified in the purchase order.
andblanket-typepipeshallbeadheredtotheinsulationfaceon
one or both side(s).
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Composition—Mineral fiber blanket shall be composed
7. Physical Requirements
of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into
7.1 Handling and Transporting—Each piece of blanket
fibrous form, bonded with or without an organic binder; the
insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation
metal-mesh covered blanket is secured with tie-wires or metal
and installation as a unit.
stitching. Asbestos shall not be used as an ingredient or
component part of the product. 7.2 The blanket insulation type shall conform to the follow-
ing requirements in Table 1: maximum use temperature,
6.2 Facings:
density (for weight design purposes only), apparent thermal
6.2.1 Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units
conductivity, water vapor sorption, and surface burning char-
shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are
acteristics.
permitted to have the same or different types on the two sides.
7.3 Odor Emission—A detectable odor of objectionable
6.2.1.1 The user of this specification is advised that the
nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members
maximum use temperature of some facings and adhesives will
shall constitute rejection of the material when tested in
be lower than the maximum use temperature of the insulation.
accordance with 11.6.
For example, usually galvanized hexagonal wire-woven net-
ting and tie wires or stitching perform well under continuous
7.4 Corrosiveness to Steel, Copper, Aluminum—When
exposure to temperatures up to 392°F (200°C). Exposure to
tested and evaluated in accordance with Specification C665 in
temperatures above this limit will cause the outer free zinc
11.7, the corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation
layertopeel.Thoughtherearepotentialoroccasionalconcerns
blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no
for corrosion conditions at various temperatures, galvanized
greater than comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton.
wire, stitching, or facings are not recommended for tempera-
7.4.1 The use of Practice C1617 is an acceptable alternative
tures above 500°F (260°C). In addition, the user of this
to the test procedure in 7.3 for corrosiveness to steel with the
specification shall ensure that sufficient insulation thickness is
mass loss corrosion rate of the steel test sample exposed to the
installedsothatnoneoftheaccessoryitems(facings,adhesive,
unfaced insulation extract not to exceed that of the 5 ppm
coatings, and lagging) are exposed to temperatures above their
chloride solution.
maximum use temperature. As a general rule, Practice C680
7.5 Non-Fibrous (Shot) Content—The averaged maximum
shall be used to determine surface temperatures.)
shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall
6.2.2 Standard Types of Metal Mesh Used as Facings:
not exceed 25% by weight as defined in 11.3.
6.2.2.1 Wovennetting,No.20to22gage(0.88to0.73mm)
diameter, galvanized wire mesh, 1 in. (25 mm) hexagonal 7.6 Maximum Use Temperature—When tested in accor-
shaped. dancewith11.1,theblanketinsulationshallnotwarp,flame,or
C592−22a
glow during hot surface exposure. No evidence of melting or centers, the longitudinal seams on both sides of the pipe
fiber degradation shall be evident upon post test inspection. insulation shall close along the entire length of the section or
piece.
7.7 Maximum Exothermic Temperature—When tested in
accordance with 11.1, the internal temperature shall not at any
9. Workmanship
time exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 200°F
9.1 The insulation blanket shall have good workmanship
(93.3°C). The 200°F (93.3°C) criterion applies during heat-up
and shall not have defects that adversely affect its installation
as well as steady state conditions. Exceeding this limit consti-
and performance qualities.
tutes noncompliance to specification.
7.8 Non-Combustibility—When the blanket insulation, with
10. Sampling
all facings removed, is tested in accordance with 11.10, the
10.1 Inspectionandqualificationoftheinsulationshallbein
recorded temperature rise shall not exceed more than 54°F
accordance with Practice C390 or as otherwise specified in the
(30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5%.
purchase order or contract as agreed upon between the
7.9 Stress Corrosion to Austenitic Stainless Steel—When
purchaser, supplier, or the manufacturer, or a combination
specified, shall be tested and evaluated in accordance with
thereof.
11.11.
7.10 Fungi Resistance—Shall be tested in accordance with
11. Test Methods
11.12; growth no greater than that on a comparative item
11.1 Maximum Use and Exothermic Temperature Rise—The
(white birch wood) shall be considered to have passed the test
insulation blanket without any facings shall be tested in
method criteria.
accordance with Test Method C411 and the hot surface
7.11 Linear Shrinkage—Test in accordance with 11.9.
performance section of Practice C447 at the maximum use
temperature of the insulation and at the maximum recom-
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations mended thickness stipulated by the manufacturer for that
temperature. The test surface shall be at the intended surface
8.1 Dimensions:
temperaturewhentestbegins.Nospecialrequirementsforheat
8.1.1 Standard sizes of metal-mesh blanket insulation and
up shall be specified by the manufacturer.
non-metal-mesh industrial type blanket insulation shall be as
follows: 11.2 Density:
11.2.1 The thickness and density of insulation shall be
Standard sizes of metal-mesh blanket insulation
Length 48 in. (1219 mm) and 96 in.
tested in accordance with Test Methods C167.
(2438 mm)
11.2.2 Themaximumdensityofarock,slagorglasstypeof
=
(except for Nominal Pipe
blanket insulation shall not exceed that shown in Table 1.
Sizes (NPS) system
Width 24 in. (610 mm) and
When density is part of the purchase contract, the delivered
=
36 in. (914 mm)
product density shall be calculated on the basis of single
A
Thickness 1to6in. (25mmto152 mm)
= in ⁄2 in. (13 mm) package units excluding the container and facing weights and
increments
with a tolerance of not more than –10% on the individual
Standard sizes of non-metal-mesh industrial type blanket insulation
container contents.
Length 48 in. (1219 mm), 96 in. (2438 mm) and
up
11.3 Non-Fibrous (Shot) Content:
= to 25 ft. (7.62 m)
(except for Nominal Pipe Sizes (NPS)
11.3.1 The maximum non-fibrous (shot) content that would
system)
be retained on all screens (sieves) up to and including
Width 24 in. (610 mm), 36 in. (914 mm),
=
100-mesh (150 µm) screen (sieve) as determined by the test
and 48 in. (1219 mm)
B
Thickness 1to6in. (25mmto152 mm) method and calculation procedure in Test Method C1335.
=
in ⁄2 in. (13 mm) increments
11.3.2 A minimum of three specimens per lot (shipment)
shall determine the averaged non-fibrous (shot) content. The
A
It is acceptable for thickness over 2 in. (51 mm) to be composed of t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C592 − 22 C592 − 22a
Standard Specification for
Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe
Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C592; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) metal
mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger)). Its
use is for cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on expansion joints to
large diameter vessels and tanks operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use
temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient
temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface.
Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although
vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications
or performance.
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover
fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is
perpendicular to the heated surface.
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer
for the appropriate system.
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the
contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and
the Naval Systems Command.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on Blanket and Loose
Fill Insulation.
Current edition approved March 1, 2022May 1, 2022. Published March 2022May 2022. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20162022 as
C592 – 16.C592 – 22. DOI: 10.1520/C0592-22.10.1520/C0592-22A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C592 − 22a
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
C447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal Insulations
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C665 Specification for Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured Housing
C680 Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and Spherical
Systems by Use of Computer Programs
C795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
C921 Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation (Withdrawn 2021)
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
C1104/C1104M Test Method for Determining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C1136 Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
C1304 Test Method for Assessing the Odor Emission of Thermal Insulation Materials
C1335 Test Method for Measuring Non-Fibrous Content of Man-Made Rock and Slag Mineral Fiber Insulation
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings
C1617 Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions Leached from
Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion of Metals
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E136 Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C
2.2 Other Document:
CAN/ULC-S102 Standard Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies
3. Terminology
C168 shall be the terms used in this specification.
3.1 Terminology
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 mean temperature—the sum of the cold surface temperature and the hot surface temperature divided by two.
3.2.2 metal-mesh covered blanket—mineral fiber thermal insulation held together by metal-mesh facings on one or both sides with
heat-resistant metal ties attached through the blanket from one face to the other.
3.2.3 metal-mesh covered blanket-type pipe—mineral fiber thermal insulation sized to fit around a large Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)
and held together by metal-mesh facings on one or both sides with heat-resistant metal ties attached through the blanket from one
face to the other.
3.2.4 industrial type (faced and unfaced) blanket—mineral fiber thermal insulation without a metal mesh covering.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas, WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
C592 − 22a
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
A
Properties Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Maximum use temperature °F (°C) 850 (454) 1200 (649) 1200 (649) 1200 (649)
(see 6.2.1) (Excluding metal-mesh
all facings and metal tie- wires/stitching)
B
Apparent Thermal Conductivity
(Excluding all facings and
metal tie-wires/stitching)
max Btu, in./h ft °F (W/m K)
Mean Temperature,
°F (°C)
25 (−4) 0.21 (0.030) 0.21 (0.030) 0.23 (0.033) 0.23 (0.033)
75 (24) 0.25 (0.036) 0.25 (0.036) 0.24 (0.035) 0.24 (0.035)
100 (38) 0.27 (0.039) 0.27 (0.039) 0.26 (0.038) 0.26 (0.038)
200 (93) 0.34 (0.049) 0.34 (0.049) 0.31 (0.045) 0.31 (0.045)
300 (149) 0.43 (0.062) 0.42 (0.060) 0.37 (0.053) 0.37 (0.053)
400 (204) 0.55 (0.079) 0.53 (0.076) 0.44 (0.063) 0.44 (0.063)
500 (260) 0.70 (0.101) 0.64 (0.092) 0.52 (0.075) 0.52 (0.075)
600 (316) 0.75 (0.108) 0.60 (0.087) 0.60 (0.087)
700 (371) 0.86 (0.124) 0.70 (0.101) 0.70 (0.101)
Linear Shrinkage, max % at maximum 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
use temperature
C
Water Vapor Sorption, max % 5.0 5.0 1.25 1.25
by weight
Surface Burning Characteristics
Maximum-flame spread index 25 25 25 25
Maximum smoke developed index 50 50 50 50
D 3 3
Density maximum, lb/ft (kg ⁄m ) 10 (160) 12 (192) 8 (128) 8 (128)
A
Type IV is for the Industrial Type, non-metal-mesh covered blankets only.
B
Values for apparent thermal conductivity are for insulation and do not include mesh and wire through insulation thickness. Therefore, Practice C680 or other heat loss
analysis using these data are not possible without accounting for heat losses through attaching media.
C
Some water sorption characteristics will change after the product is subjected to elevated temperatures within normal service conditions.
D
The maximum density specified is for the weight design purpose only and includes weight for the facings. Additional density requirements including the density for the
blanket without facing(s) are permitted to be specified by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer or seller.
3.2.5 industrial type (faced and unfaced) blanket-type pipe—mineral fiber thermal insulation without a metal mesh covering and
sized to fit around a large Nominal Pipe Sizes (NPS)
4. Classification
4.1 Mineral fiber blanket insulation covered by this specification shall be classified into the four types shown in Table 1. TYPE
I, II, and III are classified as metal-mesh covered blankets and TYPE IV is classified as industrial type, non-metal-mesh covered
(faced & unfaced) blanket. The classification is based upon the maximum use temperature and apparent thermal conductivity.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 The type, dimensions, maximum use temperature, and metal mesh covering or facings for one or both sides, or a combination
thereof, shall be specified by the purchaser. A product certification shall be specified in the purchase order.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Composition—Mineral fiber blanket shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous
form, bonded with or without an organic binder; the metal-mesh covered blanket is secured with tie-wires or metal stitching.
Asbestos shall not be used as an ingredient or component part of the product.
6.2 Facings:
6.2.1 Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are permitted
to have the same or different types on the two sides.
6.2.1.1 The user of this specification is advised that the maximum use temperature of some facings and adhesives will be lower
than the maximum use temperature of the insulation. For example, usually galvanized hexagonal wire-woven netting and tie wires
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or stitching perform well under continuous exposure to temperatures up to 392°F (200°C). Exposure to temperatures above this
limit will cause the outer free zinc layer to peel. Though there are potential or occasional concerns for corrosion conditions at
various temperatures, galvanized wire, stitching, or facings are not recommended for temperatures above 500°F (260°C). In
addition, the user of this specification shall ensure that sufficient insulation thickness is installed so that none of the accessory items
(facings, adhesive, coatings, and lagging) are exposed to temperatures above their maximum use temperature. As a general rule,
Practice C680 shall be used to determine surface temperatures.)
6.2.2 Standard Types of Metal Mesh Used as Facings:
6.2.2.1 Woven netting, No. 20 to 22 gage (0.88 to 0.73 mm) diameter, galvanized wire mesh, 1 in. (25 mm) hexagonal shaped.
6.2.2.2 Woven netting, nonferrous No. 20 to 22 gage (0.82 to 0.64 mm) diameter, 300 series stainless steel wire mesh, 1 in. (25
mm) hexagonal shaped.
6.2.2.3 Stucco expanded metal lath, (painted finish, not flattened, not galvanized) having 1.5 in. (38 mm) diamond-shaped
2 2
openings, No. 18 gage (1.2 mm) thickness, weighing 1.8 lb/yd (1010 g/m ).
6.2.2.4 Expanded metal lath, (painted finish, not flattened, not galvanized) having diamond-shaped openings, weighing 2.5
2 2
lb/yd (1400 g/m ).
6.2.3 Other kinds or compositions of facings are permitted to be specified.
6.3 Manufacture/Fabrication:
6.3.1 Metal mesh facing(s) shall be secured to the insulation face on one or both side(s) with minimum (diameter) No. 28 gage
(0.32 mm), 300 Series alloy, non-ferrous stainless steel tie wires or stitching no greater than 12 in. (305 mm) apart passing
vertically through the blanket. Spacing (attachment pattern) for vertical steel tie wires and stitching must include rows within 2
in. (51 mm) from all edges of the blanket.
6.3.2 Minimum (diameter) No. 28 gage (0.41 mm) galvanized steel tie wires or stitching is permitted to be used for securement
with galvanized steel facings.
6.4 Any non-metal mesh-facings for industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe shall be adhered to the insulation face on one
or both side(s).
7. Physical Requirements
7.1 Handling and Transporting—Each piece of blanket insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation and
installation as a unit.
7.2 The blanket insulation type shall conform to the following requirements in Table 1: maximum use temperature, density (for
weight design purposes only), apparent thermal conductivity, water vapor sorption, and surface burning characteristics.
7.3 Odor Emission—A detectable odor of objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall
constitute rejection of the material when tested in accordance with 11.6.
7.4 Corrosiveness to Steel, Copper, Aluminum—When tested and evaluated in accordance with Specification C665 in 11.7, the
corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no greater than
comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton.
7.4.1 The use of Practice C1617 is an acceptable alternative to the test procedure in 7.3 for corrosiveness to steel with the mass
loss corrosion rate of the steel test sample exposed to the unfaced insulation extract not to exceed that of the 5 ppm chloride
solution.
7.5 Non-Fibrous (Shot) Content—The averaged maximum shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall not exceed
25 % by weight as defined in 11.3.
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7.6 Maximum Use Temperature—When tested in accordance with 11.1, the blanket insulation shall not warp, flame, or glow during
hot surface exposure. No evidence of melting or fiber degradation shall be evident upon post test inspection.
7.7 Maximum Exothermic Temperature—When tested in accordance with 11.1, the internal temperature shall not at any time
exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 200°F (93.3°C). The 200°F (93.3°C) criterion applies during heat-up as well as
steady state conditions. Exceeding this limit constitutes noncompliance to specification.
7.8 Non-Combustibility—When the blanket insulation, with all facings removed, is tested in accordance with 11.10, the recorded
temperature rise shall not exceed more than 54°F (30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5 %.
7.9 Stress Corrosion to Austenitic Stainless Steel—When specified, shall be tested and evaluated in accordance with 11.11.
7.10 Fungi Resistance—Shall be tested in accordance with 11.12; growth no greater than that on a comparative item (white birch
wood) shall be considered to have passed the test method criteria.
7.11 Linear Shrinkage—Test in accordance with 11.9.
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
8.1 Dimensions:
8.1.1 Standard sizes of metal-mesh blanket insulation and non-metal-mesh industrial type blanket insulation shall be as follows:
Standard sizes of metal-mesh blanket insulation
Length 48 in. (1219 mm) and 96 in.
(2438 mm)
=
(except for Nominal Pipe
Sizes (NPS) system
Width 24 in. (610 mm) and
=
36 in. (914 mm)
A
Thickness 1 to 6 in. (25 mm to 152 mm)
= in ⁄2 in. (13 mm)
increments
Standard sizes of non-metal-mesh industrial type blanket insulation
Length 48 in. (1219 mm), 96 in. (2438 mm) and
up
= to 25 ft. (7.62 m)
(except for Nominal Pipe Sizes (NPS)
system)
Width 24 in. (610 mm), 36 in. (914 mm),
=
and 48 in. (1219 mm)
B
Thickness 1 to 6 in. (25 mm to 152 mm)
=
in ⁄2 in. (13 mm) increments
A
It is acceptable for thickness over 2 in. (51 mm) to be composed of two or more blankets plied together to establish total thickness before facings applied.
B
Consult manufacturer for maximum available thickness.
8.2 Dimensional Tolerances—The average measured length, width, and thickness shall differ from the standard dimensions from
the manufacturer by not more than the following:
Blanket Blanket-Type Blanket-Type
Pipe Roll
1 1
Length ± ⁄2 in. (13 ± ⁄4 in. (6 -0 in., excess
=
mm) mm) permitted
1 1
Width ± ⁄4 in. (6 Not applicable ± ⁄2 in. (12.7
=
mm) mm)
1 1 1
Thickness ± ⁄4 in. (6 + ⁄4 in. (6 - ⁄8 in. (3mm),
= mm), mm), (excess
1 1
– ⁄8 in. (3 mm) – ⁄8 in. (3 mm) permitted)
8.2.1 Pipe Diameters (Fit and Closure)—When fitted around the appropriate size pipe, by banding on 9-in. (229-mm) centers, the
longitudinal seams on both sides of the pipe insulation shall close along the entire length of the section or piece.
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9. Workmanship
9.1 The insulation blanket shall have good workmanship and shall not have defects that adversely affect its installation and
performance qualities.
10. Sampling
10.1 Inspection and qualification of the insulation shall be in accordance with Practice C390 or as otherwise specified in the
purchase order or contract as agreed upon between the purchaser, supplier, or the manufacturer, or a combination thereof.
11. Test Methods
11.1 Maximum Use and Exothermic Temperature Rise—The insulation blanket without any facings shall be tested in accordance
with Test Method C411 and the hot surface performance section of Practice C447 at the maximum use temperature of the insulation
and at the maximum recommended thickness stipulated by the manufacturer for that temperature. The test surface shall be at the
intended surface temperature when test begins. No special requirements for heat up shall be specified by the manufacturer.
11.2 Density:
11.2.1 The thickness and density of insulation shall be tested in accordan
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