ASTM D4068-17(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) Sheeting for Concealed Water-Containment Membrane
Standard Specification for Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) Sheeting for Concealed Water-Containment Membrane
ABSTRACT
This specification covers flexible chlorinated polyethylene sheeting for use in concealed water-containment membranes in applications susceptible to costly secondary damage from leakage and which require very long term reliable performance, for example, fountains, pools, planters, shower and safe pans, and tile tubs. However, this specification does not cover water-containment membranes for use in applications involving exposure to ultraviolet light or direct sunlight. The sheeting shall be manufactured from a compound containing chlorinated polyethylene resin, with the resin being substantially amorphous and made from linear polyethylene. Recycled materials may be used, but must conform to the requirements specified, while the use of water-soluble materials shall be prohibited. Further, the sheeting shall be homogeneous, monolithic, and free of pinholes, particles of foreign matter, undispersed raw materials, blisters, coaters, pimples, pits, crazing, and thin spots, with the sheet edges being straight, parallel, and free of trim material. Tests for tensile strength, tensile stress at elongation, ultimate elongation, tear resistance, volatile loss, microorganism resistance, low-temperature flexibility, chemical resistance, hydrostatic pressure resistance, puncture resistance, bonded seam strength, thickness, pinholes, and shrinkage shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) sheeting which is used without mastic, bedding, or coating for construction of concealed water-containment membranes in applications where there is potential for costly secondary damage from leakage, and where very long-term reliable performance is essential. Examples are fountains, pools, planters, shower and safe pans, tile tubs, and similar installations where the membrane is inaccessible once construction is complete. Included are requirements for composition, strength and toughness, test methods, workmanship criteria, and methods of marking.
1.2 Manufacturers have the option to use recycled materials in this product. Recycled materials must be in accordance with the requirements in Section 4.
1.3 The test methods used to characterize the sheeting are intended to ensure quality and performance and are not necessarily adequate for design purposes. Test methods have been selected to be conducted primarily with liquids that simulate the environments to which the membrane will be subjected during actual installation and use.
1.4 This specification does not cover water-containment membranes exposed in use to ultraviolet light or direct sunlight.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 14, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4068 −17 (Reapproved 2022) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) Sheeting for Concealed
Water-Containment Membrane
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4068; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This specification covers flexible chlorinated polyethyl-
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
ene (CPE) sheeting which is used without mastic, bedding, or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
coatingforconstructionofconcealedwater-containmentmem-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
branes in applications where there is potential for costly
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
secondary damage from leakage, and where very long-term
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
reliable performance is essential. Examples are fountains,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
pools, planters, shower and safe pans, tile tubs, and similar
installations where the membrane is inaccessible once con-
2. Referenced Documents
struction is complete. Included are requirements for
composition, strength and toughness, test methods, workman- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ship criteria, and methods of marking. D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
tic Elastomers—Tension
1.2 Manufacturers have the option to use recycled materials
D543Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to
in this product. Recycled materials must be in accordance with
Chemical Reagents
the requirements in Section 4.
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
1.3 The test methods used to characterize the sheeting are
D751Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
intended to ensure quality and performance and are not
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
necessarily adequate for design purposes. Test methods have
D1004Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of
been selected to be conducted primarily with liquids that
Plastic Film and Sheeting
simulate the environments to which the membrane will be
D1203Test Methods for Volatile Loss from Plastics Using
subjected during actual installation and use.
Activated Carbon Methods
1.4 This specification does not cover water-containment D1204Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
membranes exposed in use to ultraviolet light or direct sun- Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
light. Temperature
D1876Test Method for Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Peel Test)
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D2136Test Method for Coated Fabrics—Low-Temperature
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Bend Test
and are not considered standard.
D2240Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
ness
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the D4968Practice for Annual Review of Test Methods and
test method portion, Section 14, of this specification: This Specifications for Plastics
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, D5947Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user Plastics Specimens
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and D6988GuideforDeterminationofThicknessofPlasticFilm
Test Specimens
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
PlasticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.24onPlasticBuilding
Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 15, 2022. Published March 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D4068–17. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4068-17R22. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4068−17 (2022)
D7209Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and Method D2240, using aTypeAdurometer and reading durom-
UseofRecycledPolymericMaterialsandProducts(With- eter hardness after5sof presser foot contact with the
drawn 2015) specimen.
E96/E96MTest Methods for Gravimetric Determination of 5.1.1 The thickness of the test specimens shall be 0.24 in.
Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Materials (6.0mm)minimumunlessitisknownthatresultsequivalentto
the 0.24 in. (6.0 mm) values are obtained with a thinner
2.2 ANSI Document:
specimen.
Safety Code for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor
5.1.2 The test specimen shall be of solid construction
Vehicles Operating on Land Highways
5.1.2.1 Aspecimen composed of plied sheets is permitted if
it has been shown the results are equivalent to a solid
3. Terminology
specimen.
3.1 Definitions:
NOTE 2—Plied specimens may not agree with those made on solid
3.1.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
specimens, as the surfaces of the plied specimens may not be in complete
nology D883 unless otherwise indicated.
contact.
3.1.2 The abbreviation for chlorinated polyethylene is CPE.
5.1.3 The lateral dimensions of the specimen shall be
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
sufficient to permit measurements at least 0.48 in. (12.0 mm)
3.2.1 homogeneous sheeting, n—sheeting that is of homo-
from any edge.
geneous composition throughout its thickness. (Note that it is
5.1.3.1 Measurements are permitted at a lesser distance
not of a sandwich construction with a continuous or semi-
from an edge if identical results are obtained as 5.1.3.
continuous layer of one or more materials of different compo-
sition enclosed between two or more layers of CPE.) 6. Mechanical Properties
3.2.2 monolithic sheeting, n—sheeting manufactured as one
6.1 The sheeting shall conform to the mechanical property
piece. (Note that it is not several thicknesses laminated
requirements in Table 1.
together, nor is it two or more widths lapped and joined with
7. Performance Requirements
heat or chemicals.)
7.1 The sheeting shall conform to the performance require-
3.2.3 water containment membrane, n—a nonporous mem-
braneimpervioustowaterandresistanttopermeationbywater ments in Table 2.
vapor to an extent that provides a high degree of certainty that
8. Other Requirements
secondary damage from leakage shall not occur.
8.1 The sheeting shall be capable of being bonded to itself
4. Materials and Manufacture in a manner suitable for making seams and repairs in the field.
The manufacturer shall recommend or furnish methods,
4.1 The sheeting shall be made from a compound that
materials,orequipmentnecessaryandsuitableforthispurpose.
contains more than 50% chlorinated polyethylene resin by
weight of total resin content, and the CPE resin shall: (a) 8.2 Bonds between sheets of material used in fabrication of
contain 38 to 46% chlorine; (b) be made from a linear a water-containment membrane shall conform to the require-
polyethylene having a density of not less than 0.95 g/cm;(c) ments in Table 3 and shall not reduce the overall resistance of
besubstantiallyamorphous,havingaheatoffusionoflessthan the membrane to permeation or leakage.
0.4 cal/g (1.7 kJ/kg), and (d) have a melt viscosity of 1700 6
9. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
500 Pa·s when measured in a capillary rheometer at a melt
−
temperature of 190 6 2°C, and a shear rate of 150 6 10 s . 9.1 The actual width and length of the sheeting shall be as
agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
4.2 When recycled materials, as defined in Guide D7209,
9.1.1 Sheeting width tolerance shall be +0.5, −0 in. (+12.7,
are used in this product, the material must meet the require-
−0 mm).
ments in Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.
4.3 Theuseofwater-solublecompoundingingredientsshall
TABLE 1 Mechanical Properties
be prohibited.
Specification
Property Unit
4.4 The sheeting shall be homogeneous and monolithic.
Grade 1 Grade 2
5. Physical Requirements
Thickness in. (mm) 0.040 (1.02), 0.030 (0.0765),
min min
5.1 The sheeting shall have an average Shore-Ahardness of
Tensile strength psi (MPa) 1200 (8.28), 800 (5.5), min
min
84 6 6 points when ten specimens taken equidistantly across
Tensile stress at psi (MPa) 400 (2.76), 300 (2.07),
the width of the sheet are tested in accordance with Test
100 % elongation min min
(modulus) 1200 (8.28), 1200 (8.28),
max max
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Elongation, at break % 350, min 300, min
www.astm.org.
Tear resistance lbf/in. (kN/m) 175 (30.6), min 120 (20.9), min
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., of width
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
D4068−17 (2022)
TABLE 2 Performance Requirements
increase the likelihood of obtaining a representative sample of
Specification contemporary production. The age of stocks from which
Property Unit
Grade 1 Grade 2 selections are made is required to be documented.
11.1.3 Divide all submitted sheet into smaller samples of
Volatile Loss at 158°F (70°C):
sufficient size to provide a set of specimens for any one of the
Weight change percent loss ±1.5, max ±1.5, max
testsinthisspecification.Innocaseshallasamplebelessthan
Microorganism Resistance:
2 2
Weight change percent ±5, max ±5, max 16 ft (1.49 m ), nor shall either width or length be less than 3
Chemical Resistance:
ft (0.91 m).
Sodium Hydroxide:
11.1.4 Sample using a statistically acceptable procedure.
Weight change percent ±5, max ±5, max
Soapy Water, 1 % solution:
11.1.5 From this population, select samples randomly to
Weight change percent ±3, max ±3, max
provide specimens for each test.
Distilled Water:
Weight change percent ±2, max ±2, max
11.2 Sampling for In-Plant Quality Control Evaluation:
11.2.1 Samples for quality control evaluation shall be a
2 2
minimum of 25 ft (2.5 m ), and completely span the width of
TABLE 3 Bonded Seam Requirements
the finished sheet.
Specification
11.2.2 Select randomly one or more samples from each
Property Unit
2 2
Grade 1 Grade 2
10000 ft (1000 m ) for the quality assurance tests specified
in Section 18 and Table 4.
Bonded seam shear percent of tensile 75, min 75, min
strength
12. Number of Tests and Retests
Bonded seam peel lbf/in. (kN/m) of 10 (2.75) min 6 (1.65) min
strength (T-peel) seam width
12.1 One set of test units is sufficient to determine confor-
mance. The average result of all samples tested shall conform
to the requirements of this specification.
9.1.2 The length of the sheeting after unrolling and relaxing
12.2 Retesting to determine conformance shall be required
for 10 min at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2.0°C) shall be no less than
after any significant change in compound or method of
that specified in the purchase order or contract.
manufacture.
9.2 The sheeting shall be divided by grade based on
12.2.1 Significant changes in compound include addition,
thickness, as follows:
elimination, or substitution of any ingredient, changes in ratios
9.2.1 Grade 1—40 mil (1.02 mm) shall be a minimum of
between ingredients, change in type or grade of CPE resin,
0.040 in. (1.02 mm) in thickness.
change in supplier or manufacturer, or both, of CPE resin, and
9.2.2 Grade 2—30 mil (0.765 mm) shall be a minimum of
changeinmanufacturerorsupplier,orboth,ofCPEcompound
0.030 in. (0.765 mm) in thickness.
or sheet.
12.2.2 Changesincompoundthatarenotsignificantinclude
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
substitution of one material for another (except CPE resin)
10.1 The sheeting shall be free of pin holes, particles of
where the two are essentially identical and changes in material
foreign matter, undispersed raw materials, or other manufac-
which do not remain a part of the sheet after manufacture.
turing defects that might affect serviceability.
NOTE 3—Material substitutions include changes in supplier, grade or
10.2 The sheeting shall be free of blisters, craters, pimples,
type.
pits, crazing, and thin spots. Sheet edges shall be straight,
12.2.3 Significant changes in manufacture include blending
parallel, and free of trim material.
process (dry blend, wet blend, Banbury mix, or separate
compounding line) or method of fabricating sheet (calender,
10.3 Printing and markings on the sheet shall be legible and
not easily removed from the sheet during normal handling, extrusion, or casting).
transportation, and installation. 12.2.4 Changes in manufacture that are not significant
include changes in brands of processing equipment, age of
10.4 The sheeting shall be colored as agreed upon between
equipment, location of manufacture, personnel, take-off equip-
the purchaser and the seller.
ment and processes, packaging, and ambient or atmospheric
conditions.
11. Sampling
11.1 Sampling for Evaluating Conformance to Physical,
Mechanical, and Performance Requirements:
TABLE 4 Quality Assurance Requirements
11.1.1 One roll, or other equivalent packaged unit, with a
Specification
2 2
minimum continuous sheet of 100 ft (9.3 m ) shall be suffi- Property Unit
Grade 1 Grade 2
cient for completing all tests and evaluations in this specifica-
tion.
Thickness in. (mm) 0.040 (1.02) 0.030 (0.765)
11.1.2 Select randomly each roll or unit submitted for Pinholes . . . none none
Shrinkage percent 5, max 5, max
evaluation from an inventory of regular production stock not
Width tolerance in. (mm) +0.5 (−0.0) +0.5 (−0.0)
older than one year. Selecting more than one roll or unit or
Length tolerance in. (mm) −0.0 −0.0
selecting from multiple inventory stocks or locations will
D4068−17 (2022)
12.3 Retestingtodetermineconformanceshalloccuratleast 14.4 Microorganism Resistance—Test in accordance with
every five years whether or not significant changes have the method described in Annex A1.
occurred.
14.5 Low-Temperature Flexibility—Test three specimens in
accordancewithTestMethodD2136atatemperatureof−22°F
NOTE 4—This requirement is included to monitor cumulative effects of
relatively in
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