ASTM D1049-98(2002)

Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Covers

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers acceptance testing of rubber insulating covers for use as portable protective devices for protection of workers from accidental contact with live electrical conductors, apparatus, or circuits. It includes insulator hoods, dead-end protectors, line hose connectors, cable end covers, and miscellaneous covers. The electrical, physical, and chemical requirements of this specification shall apply also to any new or modified styles of covers that may be developed for specific purposes.
1.2 Three types of covers, differing in chemical and physical characteristics, are provided, and are designated as Type I, non-resistant to ozone, and Type II and Type III, resistant to ozone.
1.3 Five classes of covers, differing in electrical characteristics, are provided, and are designated as Class 0, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4.
1.4 Five styles of covers, differing in design characteristics, are provided, and are designated as Style A, Style B, Style C, Style D, and Style E.
Note 1—Because of the use requirements some covers are semi-rigid and others flexible. The flexible devices should remain suitably flexible for application and removal through normal temperatures of -29 to 54.5°C (-20 to 130°F).
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 18.2..

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-1998
• ICS: 29.035.20 - Plastics and rubber insulating materials
• Technical Committee: F18 - Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers
• Drafting Committee: F18.25 - Insulating Cover-Up Equipment

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1049-98 - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Covers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Replaced By: ASTM D1049-98(2002)e1 - Standard Specification for Rubber Insulating Covers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998
• Referred By: ASTM F478-14a(2019) - Standard Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Line Hose and Covers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 1049 – 98 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Specification for
Rubber Insulating Covers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1049; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
plastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
1.1 This specification covers acceptance testing of rubber
D 573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
insulating covers for use as portable protective devices for
Oven
protection of workers from accidental contact with live elec-
trical conductors, apparatus, or circuits. It includes insulator
3. Terminology
hoods, dead-end protectors, line hose connectors, cable end
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
covers, and miscellaneous covers. The electrical, physical, and
3.1.1 breakdown—the electrical discharge or arc occurring
chemical requirements of this specification shall apply also to
between the electrodes and through the equipment being tested.
any new or modified styles of covers that may be developed for
3.1.2 flashover—the electrical discharge or arc occurring
specific purposes.
between electrodes and over or around, but not through, the
1.2 Three types of covers, differing in chemical and physical
equipment being tested.
characteristics, are provided, and are designated as Type I,
3.1.3 ozone—a very active form of oxygen that may be
non-resistant to ozone, and Type II and Type III, resistant to
produced by corona, arcing, or ultraviolet rays.
ozone.
3.1.4 ozone cutting and checking—the cutting action pro-
1.3 Five classes of covers, differing in electrical character-
duced by ozone on rubber under mechanical stress into a series
istics, are provided, and are designated as Class 0, Class 1,
of interlacing cracks.
Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4.
3.1.5 rubber—a generic term that includes elastomers and
1.4 Five styles of covers, differing in design characteristics,
elastomeric compounds, regardless of origin.
are provided, and are designated as Style A, Style B, Style C,
3.1.6 user —as used in 4.3.1, the entity employing the
Style D, and Style E.
actual worker(s) using the equipment; if no separate employer,
NOTE 1—Because of the use requirements some covers are semi-rigid
then the individual.
and others flexible. The flexible devices should remain suitably flexible for
3.1.7 voltage, maximum use—the ac voltage (rms) rating of
application and removal through normal temperatures of − 29 to 54.5°C
the protective equipment that designates the maximum nominal
(−20 to 130°F).
design voltage of the energized system that may be safely
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
worked. The nominal design voltage is equal to the phase to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
phase voltage on multiphase circuits.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.7.1 Discussion—If there is no multiphase exposure in a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
system area and the voltage exposure is limited to phase
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 18.2.
(polarity on dc systems) to ground potential, the phase (polarity
on dc systems) to ground potential shall be considered to be the
2. Referenced Documents
nominal design voltage. If electrical equipment and devices are
2.1 ASTM Standards:
insulated, or isolated, or both, such that the multiphase expo-
D 297 Test Methods for Rubber Products—Chemical
sure on a grounded wye circuit is removed, then the nominal
Analysis
design voltage may be considered as the phase-to-ground
voltage on that circuit.
1 3.1.8 voltage, nominal design—a nominal value consistent
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on
with the latest revision on ANSI C84.1, assigned to the circuit
Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F18.25 on Insulating Cover-Up Equipment. This standard replaces
or system for the purpose of conveniently designating its
ANSI Standard J6.2, which is no longer available.
voltage class.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1998. Published February 1999. Originally
published as D 1049 – 49 T. Last previous edition D 1049 – 93 (1997).
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1049 – 98 (2002)
4. Significance and Use 5.1.2 Type II, ozone resistant, made of any elastomer or
combination of elastomeric compounds.
4.1 This specification covers the minimum electrical,
5.1.3 Type III, ozone-resistant, made of any combination of
chemical, and physical properties guaranteed by the manufac-
elastomer and thermoplastic polymer, elastic in nature.
turer and the detailed procedures by which such properties are
5.1.4 Class—The class designation shall be based on the
to be determined. The purchaser may at his option perform or
electrical properties and design characteristics as shown in
have performed any of these tests in order to verify the
Table 2 or Table 3.
guarantee. Claims for failure to meet the specification are
5.1.5 Style—The style designation shall describe the item,
subject to verification by the manufacturer.
size, and device or apparatus covered, protected, or connected.
4.2 Insulating covers are used for personal protection;
5.1.5.1 Style A designates insulator hoods.
therefore, when authorizing their use, a margin of safety shall
5.1.5.2 Style B designates dead end protectors.
be provided between the maximum voltage at which they are
5.1.5.3 Style C designates line hose connectors.
used and the proof-test voltage at which they are tested. The
5.1.5.4 Style D designates cable end covers.
relationship between proof-test voltage and the maximum
5.1.5.5 Style E designates miscellaneous covers.
voltage at which insulating covers shall be used is shown in
Table 1.
6. Ordering Information
4.3 Work practices vary from user to user, depending upon
many factors. These may include, but are not limited to,
6.1 Orders for covers under this specification should include
operating system voltages, construction design, work proce-
the following information:
dures and techniques, weather conditions, and so forth. There-
6.1.1 Type,
fore, except for the restrictions set forth in this specification
6.1.2 Class, and
because of design limitations, the use and maintenance of this
6.1.3 Either the style and item number or the size, inside
equipment is beyond the scope of this specification.
diameter, outside diameter, and length of the covers.
4.3.1 It is common practice and the responsibility of the user
6.2 The listing of types, classes, styles, and item numbers is
of this type of protective equipment to prepare complete
not intended to mean that all shall necessarily be available from
instructions and regulations to govern the correct and safe use
manufacturers; it signifies only that, if made, they shall
of such equipment.
conform to the details of this specification.
5. Classification
7. Manufacture and Marking
5.1 Covers included under this specification shall be desig-
7.1 Each cover shall be marked clearly and permanently
nated as Type I, Type II, or Type III; Class 0, Class 1, Class 2,
with the name of the manufacturer or supplier, ANSI/ASTM D
Class 3, or Class 4; Style A, Style B, Style C, Style D, or Style
1049, type, and class.
E.
7.1.1 Covers may be marked by either molding the infor-
5.1.1 Type I, non-resistant to ozone, made from a high-grade
mation directly into the cover or by use of a label; either
cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber compound of natural or synthetic
method is equally acceptable. The method shall be at the
origin, properly vulcanized.
discretion of the manufacturer. If a label is used, the color shall
be that specified for each voltage class: Class 0—red, Class
TABLE 1 Proof-Test/Use Voltage Relationship
1—white, Class 2—yellow, Class 3—green, and Class
NOTE 1—The ac voltage (rms) classification of the protective equip-
4—orange.
ment designates the maximum nominal design voltage of the energized
system that may be safely worked. The nominal design voltage is equal to:
8. Chemical and Physical Requirements
1. The phase to phase on multiphase circuits or
8.1 The cover material shall conform to the tensile strength
2. The phase to ground voltage on single phase grounded circuits.
requirements in Table 2 or Table 1, the accelerated aging in
Nominal Maximum
Class of AC Proof- DC Proof-
A
Use Voltage, 5.1.3 and, for Type I covers, the determination of rubber
Insulating Test Voltage, Test Voltage,
Phase-Phase
Covers rms V avg, V polymer in accordance with 19.1.1.
ac, rms
0 1 000 5 000 20 000
9. Electrical Requirements
1 7 500 10 000 40 000
2 17 000 20 000 50 000
9.1 Each cover, when selected in accordance with Section
3 26 500 30 000 60 000
13 shall withstand the 60-Hz ac proof-test voltage (rms value)
4 36 000 40 000 70 000
or the dc proof-test voltage (average value) specified in Table
A
Except for Class O equipment, the maximum use voltage is based on the
2 or Table 3. The proof test shall be performed in accordance
following formula:
Maximum use voltage (maximum nominal design voltage)
with Section 18 and shall be applied continuously for 3 min.
0.95 ac
9.2 Type II and Type III covers shall show no visible effects
proof-test voltage − 2000
from corona or ozone when tested in accordance with 18.5.
D 1049 – 98 (2002)
TABLE 2 Covers—Type I Specifications
Insulator Hoods—Style A
Insulator Length, Tensile, ac Proof- dc Proof- Suggested
Item Type Hose Size, Height, mm
Diameter, mm (in.), MPa (psi), Class Test Volt- Test Volt- Electrode
A
Number Insulator in. (in.), min
B
in. min min age, V age, V Group
1 pin 4 1 375 (14.75) 159 (6.25) 11.0 (1600) 2 20 000 30 000 2
2 pin 6 1 406 (16.0) 159 (6.25) 11.0 (1600) 2 20 000 30 000 2
1 1
3 pin 7 1 ⁄4,1 ⁄2 406 (16.0) 162 (6.375) 11.0 (1600) 2 and 3 30 000 40 000 2
Dead End Protectors—Style B
Insulator Sleeve ac Proof- dc Proof- Suggested
Item Type Hose Size, Inside Diame- Tensile,
Diameter, Length, Class Test Volt- Test Volt- Electrode
A
Number Insulator in. ter, mm (in.) MPa (psi), min
B
in. mm (in.) age, V age, V Group
1 disk or dead 4 ⁄4 any size 121 (4.75) 254 (10) 11.0 (1600) 2 20 000 30 000 2
end (adapters)
2 2 disk or 2 dead 4 ⁄4 any size 121 (4.75) 457 (18) 11.0 (1600) 2 20 000 30 000 2
end (adapters)
3 disk or dead 6 1 165 (6.5) 457 (18) 11.0 (1600) 2 20 000 30 000 2
end
Line Hose Connectors—Style C
Item Hose Size, Length, Tensile, ac Proof-Test dc Proof-Test Suggested Elec-
Class
A B
Number in. mm (in.) MPa (psi), min Voltage, V Voltage, V trode Group
1 1 305 (12.0) 11.0 (1600) 2 20 000 30 000 2
21 ⁄4 305 (12.0) 11.0 (1600) 2 20 000 30 000 2
31 ⁄2 305 (12.0) 11.0 (1600) 3 30 000 40 000 2
A
Item numbers are provided for convenient referencing.
B
Suggested electrode groups for ac tests only.
TABLE 3 Covers—Type II and Type III Specifications
Insulator Hoods—Style A
Insulator Length, Height, Tensile, ac Proof- dc Proof- Suggested
Item Type In- Insulator Hose Size,
Diameter, mm mm (in.), MPa (psi), Class Test Volt- Test Volt- Electrode
A
Number sulator Height, in. in.
in. (in.), min min min age, V age, V Group
1 pin 4 4 1 375 (14.75) 159 (6.25) 4.82 (700) 2 20 000 30 000 2–3
2 pin 6 5 1 406 (16.0) 159 (6.25) 4.82 (700) 2 20 000 30 000 2–3
1 1
3 pin 7 6 1 ⁄4–1 ⁄2 406 (16.0 (wide)) 162 (6.375) 4.82 (700) 2 and 3 30 000 40 000 2–3
4 pin 10 12 2 ⁄2 483 (19.0) 406 (16.0) 6.89 (1000) 4 40 000 60 000 2–3
5 pin 11 6 1 ⁄2 267 (10.5 (ID)) 165 (6.5) 4.82 (700) 3 30 000 40 000 2–3
3 3 1 1
6 pin 8 ⁄4 5 ⁄4 1 ⁄2–2 ⁄2 381 (15.0) 216 (8.5) 6.89 (1000) 4 40 000 60 000 2–3
3 1 1
7 post 6.5 8 ⁄4 1 ⁄2–2 ⁄2 317 (12.5) 298 (11.75) 6.89 (1000) 3 30 000 40 000 2–3
1 1
8 post 6.5 13 1 ⁄2–2 ⁄2 317 (12.5) 400 (15.75) 6.89 (1000) 4 40 000 60 000 2–3
Dead End Protectors—Style B
Suggested
Item Type Insulator Hose Size, Sleeve Length, Tensile, ac Proof-Test dc Proof-Test
Class Electrode
A
Number Insulator Diameter in. mm in. MPa (psi), min Voltage, V Voltage, V
Group
1 disk or dead 4 ⁄4 any size 254 (10.0) 4.82 (700) 2 and 3 30 000 40 000 2–3
end (adapters)
2 disk or dead 4 ⁄4 any size 457 (18.0) 4.82 (700) 2 and 3 30 000 40 000 2–3
(adapters)
end
3 disk or dead 6 1 457 (18.0) 4.82 (700) 2 20 000 30 000 2–3
end
1 1 1
4 disk or dead 4 ⁄4 1 ⁄2–2 ⁄2 940 (37.0) 4.82 (700) 4 40 000 50 000 2–3
end
1 1
5 disk or dead 71 ⁄2–2 ⁄2 624 (24.5) 11.0 (1600) 4 40 000 50 000 2–3
end
1 1
6 disk or dead 10 1 ⁄2–2 ⁄2 624 (24.5) 11.0 (1600) 4 40 000 50 000 2–3
end
Line Hose Connectors—Style C
Tensile, MPa (psi), ac Proof-Test dc Proof-Test Suggested Elec-
A
Hose Size, in. Length, mm (in.) Class
Item Number
min Voltage, V Voltage, V trode Group
1 1 305 (12.0) 4.82 (700) 2 20 000 30 000 2–3
21 ⁄4 305 (12.0) 4.82 (700) 2 20 000 30 000 2–3
31 ⁄2 305 (12.0) 4.82 (700) 3 30 000 40 000 2–3
41 ⁄2 267 (10.5) 4.82 (700) 4 40 000 50 000 2–3
52 ⁄2 267 (10.5) 4.82 (700) 4 40 000 50 000 2–3
D 1049 – 98 (2002)
TABLE 3 Continued
Cable End Covers—Style D
Inside Suggested
Item Length, Conductor Tensile, ac Proof-Test dc Proof-Test
Diameter, Class Electrode
A
Number mm (in.) Size MPa (psi), min Voltage, V Voltage, V
mm (in.) Group
Cable end caps size
1 13 (0.5) 152 (6.0) #12 to #6 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
2 21 (0.81) 152 (6.0) #4 to 4/0 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
3 19 (0.75) 178 (7.0) #10 to #4 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
4 35 (1.375) 254 (10.0) #4/0 to 500 MCM 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
5 57 (2.25) 305 (12.0) 350 MCM to 750 MCM 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
6 81 (3.19) 406 (16.0) 800 MCM to 1000 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
MCM
Separator size
7 25 (1.0) 76 (3.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
8 38 (1.5) 108 (4.25) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
9 62 (2.44) 114 (4.5) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
10 70 (2.75) 152 (6.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1
Test caps size
11 16 (0.63) 152 (6.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1–2–3
12 24 (0.94) 152 (6.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1–2–3
13 19 (0.75) 178 (7.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1–2–3
14 35 (1.38) 254 (10.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1–2–3
15 57 (2.25) 305 (12.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1–2–3
16 76 (3.0) 406 (16.0) . 10.3 (1500) 2 20 000 30 000 1–2–3
17 127 (5.0) 762 (30.0) . 4.82 (700) 4 40 000 60 000 1–2–3
...