ASTM D3053-08a

Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2008
• ICS: 01.040.83 - Rubber and plastics industries (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 83.040.20 - Rubber compounding ingredients
• Technical Committee: D24 - Carbon Black
• Drafting Committee: D24.41 - Carbon Black Nomenclature and Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3053-08 - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM D3053-08b - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D5596-03(2021) - Standard Test Method for Microscopic Evaluation of the Dispersion of Carbon Black in Polyolefin Geosynthetics
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D5817-20 - Standard Practice for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Reduction, Blending, and Drying of Gross Samples for Testing
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D6602-13(2022)e1 - Standard Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or Both
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8178-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Recovered Carbon Black (rCB)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D1765-23a - Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8466-22 - Standard Guide for Recovered Carbon Black—Carbon Black Test Methods for Testing rCB
• Effective Date: 01-May-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3053–08a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Carbon Black
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 3265 Test Method for Carbon Black—Tint Strength
D 3313 Test Method for Carbon Black—Individual Pellet
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of
Hardness
technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.
D 3493 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in
Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
other readily available sources are not included.
D 3849 Test Method for Carbon Black—Morphological
2. Referenced Documents
Characterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Micros-
2
copy
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 4820 Test Methods for Carbon Black-Surface Area by
D 1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and
3
Multipoint B.E.T. Nitrogen Adsorption
Attrition
D 5230 Test Method for Carbon Black—Automated Indi-
D 1509 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Heating Loss
vidual Pellet Hardness
D 1510 Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption
D 5816 Test Methods for Carbon Black-External Surface
Number
3
Area by Multipoint Nitrogen Adsorption
D 1511 Test Method for Carbon Black—Pellet Size Distri-
D 6086 Test Method for Carbon Black—VoidVolume (VV)
bution
D 6602 Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible
D 1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Pour
Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental
Density
Particulate, or Both
D 1514 Test Method for Carbon Black—Sieve Residue
D 1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
3. Terminology
D 1618 Test Method for Carbon Black Extractables—
3.1 Definitions:
Transmittance of Toluene Extract
D 1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in
aciniform, adj—shaped like a cluster of grapes.
Rubber Products
DISCUSSION—The spheroidal primary particles of carbon black are
D 1799 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Packaged
fused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniform
Shipments
morphology.
D 1900 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Bulk Ship-
carbon black, n—an engineered material, primarily composed
ments
of elemental carbon, obtained from the partial combustion or
D 1937 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Mass
thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons, existing as aggre-
Strength
gates of aciniform morphology which are composed of
D 2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
spheroidal primary particles, uniformity of primary particle
Number (OAN)
sizes within a given aggregate, and turbostratic layering
D 2663 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Dispersion in
within the primary particles.
Rubber
D 3037 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Surface Area by
DISCUSSION—Particlesizeandaggregatesize(numberofparticlesper
3
Nitrogen Adsorption
aggregate) are distributional properties and vary depending on the
carbon black grade. Transmission electron micrographs shown in
Annex A1 of Practice D 6602 demonstrate that while particle and
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D24 on Carbon
aggregate sizes vary greatly within a given grade of carbon black, the
Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon Black
primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individual
Nomenclature and Terminology.
aggregate.
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D 3053 – 08.
carbon black, carcass grade, n—a type of furnace carbon
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3053–08a
black having an average particle size in the range from 31 to control in the manufacturing process and that are somewhat
200 nm. dependent upon the targeted properties.
DISCUSSION—Carcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oil DISCUSSION—Typical values for carbon black properties are shown in
furnace process. The use of these grades in the rubber industry is not Classification D 1765 for most rubber grade carbon blacks currently in
limited to the carcass portion of the tire. These grades are designated commerce. These are consensus values based upon the range in values
with an “N” first character and a se
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3053–08 Designation:D3053–08a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Carbon Black
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.
Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and Attrition
D 1509 Test Methods for Carbon BlackHeating Loss
D 1510 Test Method for Carbon BlackIodine Adsorption Number
D 1511 Test Method for Carbon BlackPellet Size Distribution
D 1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, PelletedPour Density
D 1514 Test Method for Carbon BlackSieve Residue
D 1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
D 1618 Test Method for Carbon Black ExtractablesTransmittance of Toluene Extract
D 1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
D 1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Packaged Shipments
D 1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk Shipments
D 1937 Test Method for Carbon Black, PelletedMass Strength
D 2414 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number (OAN)
D 2663 Test Methods for Carbon BlackDispersion in Rubber
3
D 3037 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
D 3265 Test Method for Carbon BlackTint Strength
D 3313 Test Method for Carbon BlackIndividual Pellet Hardness
D 3493 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
D 3849 Test Method for Carbon BlackMorphological Characterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Microscopy
0
D 4820 Test Methods for Carbon Black-Surface Area by Multipoint B.E.T. Nitrogen Adsorption
D 5230 Test Method for Carbon BlackAutomated Individual Pellet Hardness
0
D 5816 Test Methods for Carbon Black-External Surface Area by Multipoint Nitrogen Adsorption
D 6086 Test Method for Carbon BlackVoid Volume (VV)
D 6602 Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or
Both
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
aciniform, adj—shaped like a cluster of grapes.
DISCUSSION—The spheroidal primary particles of carbon black are fused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniform morphology.
carbon black, n—an engineered material, primarily composed of elemental carbon, obtained from the partial combustion or
thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons, existing as aggregates of aciniform morphology which are composed of spheroidal
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on Carbon Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon Black
Nomenclature and Terminology.
Current edition approved Jan.May 1, 2008. Published JanuaryMay 2008. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as
D3053–06a.D 3053 – 08.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3053–08a
primary particles, uniformity of primary particle sizes within a given aggregate, and turbostratic layering within the primary
particles.
DISCUSSION—Particlesizeandaggregatesize(numberofparticlesperaggregate)aredistributionalpropertiesandvarydependingonthecarbonblack
grade. Transmission electron micrographs shown in Annex A1 of Practice D 6602 demonstrate that while particle and aggregate sizes vary greatly
within a given grade of carbon black, the primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individual aggregate.
carbon black, carcass grade, n—a type of furnace carbon black having an average particle size in the range from 31 to 200 nm.
DISCUSSION—Carcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oil furnace process. The use of these grades in the rubber industry is not limited to
the carcass portion of the tire. These grades are designated with an “N” first character and a second character of “
...