ASTM NACE/ASTMG31-12a

Standard Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Corrosion testing by its very nature precludes complete standardization. This standard, rather than a standardized procedure, is presented as a guide so that some of the pitfalls of such testing may be avoided.
4.2 Experience has shown that all metals and alloys do not respond alike to the many factors that affect corrosion and that accelerated corrosion tests give indicative results only, or may even be entirely misleading. It is impractical to propose an inflexible standard laboratory corrosion testing procedure for general use, except for material qualification tests where standardization is required. One purpose for this guide is to promote better correlation of results in the future and the reduction of conflicting reports through a more detailed recording of meaningful factors and conditions.
4.3 In designing any corrosion test, consideration should be given to the various factors discussed in this guide, because these factors have been found to affect the results obtained.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers and describes the factors that influence laboratory immersion corrosion tests, particularly mass loss tests. These factors include apparatus, sampling, test specimen, test conditions (test solution composition, temperature, gas sparging, fluid motion, solution volume, method of supporting test specimens, duration of test), methods of cleaning test specimens, interpretation of results, and calculation of corrosion rates. This guide also emphasizes the importance of recording all pertinent data and provides a checklist for reporting test data.
1.2 The specific evaluation of localized attack, environmentally assisted cracking, and effects of solution flow are not within the scope of this guide.
1.3 This guide is intended to be used by those designing laboratory immersion tests who may not be familiar with all of the variables to consider and the pitfalls that could be encountered when designing and conducting this kind of testing. It should be used as a reference to ensure that the test will allow generation of data relevant to the application with the minimum of interferences.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2012
• ICS: 77.060 - Corrosion of metals
• Technical Committee: J01 - Joint ASTM/NACE Committee on Corrosion
• Drafting Committee: J01.01 - Working Group on Laboratory Immersion Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: NACE TM0169/G31 − 12a
Standard Guide for
1
Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation NACE TM0169/G31; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide covers and describes the factors that influ-
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
ence laboratory immersion corrosion tests, particularly mass
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
loss tests. These factors include apparatus, sampling, test
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
specimen, test conditions (test solution composition,
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
temperature, gas sparging, fluid motion, solution volume,
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
methodofsupportingtestspecimens,durationoftest),methods
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corro-
of cleaning test specimens, interpretation of results, and
sion Test Specimens
calculation of corrosion rates. This guide also emphasizes the
G28 Test Methods for Detecting Susceptibility to Inter-
importance of recording all pertinent data and provides a
granular Corrosion in Wrought, Nickel-Rich, Chromium-
checklist for reporting test data.
Bearing Alloys
G34 Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in
1.2 The specific evaluation of localized attack, environmen-
2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)
tally assisted cracking, and effects of solution flow are not
G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Cor-
within the scope of this guide.
rosion
1.3 This guide is intended to be used by those designing
G48 Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resis-
laboratory immersion tests who may not be familiar with all of
tance of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use of
the variables to consider and the pitfalls that could be encoun-
Ferric Chloride Solution
tered when designing and conducting this kind of testing. It
G66 Test Method for Visual Assessment of Exfoliation
should be used as a reference to ensure that the test will allow
Corrosion Susceptibility of 5XXX Series Aluminum Al-
generation of data relevant to the application with the mini-
loys (ASSET Test)
mum of interferences. G67 Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to
Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Al-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
loysbyMassLossAfterExposuretoNitricAcid(NAMLT
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Test)
only.
G71 Guide for Conducting and Evaluating Galvanic Corro-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the sion Tests in Electrolytes
G78 Guide for Crevice Corrosion Testing of Iron-Base and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Nickel-Base Stainless Alloys in Seawater and Other
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Chloride-Containing Aqueous Environments
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
G82 Guide for Development and Use of a Galvanic Series
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for Predicting Galvanic Corrosion Performance
G107 Guide for Formats for Collection and Compilation of
Corrosion Data for Metals for Computerized Database
Input
G108 Test Method for Electrochemical Reactivation (EPR)
for Detecting Sensitization of AISI Type 304 and 304L
Stainless Steels
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of NACE/ASTM Committee J01, Joint
Committee on Corrosion, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee J01.01,
2
Working Group on Laboratory Immersion Tests. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM Web site, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approvedin1972.LastpreviousASTMeditionapprovedin2012asG31–12.NACE Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
edition originally approved in 1969. Last previous NACE edition approved in 2000 theASTMWeb site. For NACE standards, visit the NACEWeb site, www.nace.org,
as TM0169-2000. DOI: 10.1520/G0031-12A. or contact NACE FirstService at fi[e-mail].
© NACE International/ASTM International 2021 – All rights reserved
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NACE TM0169/G31 − 12a
G110 Practice for Evaluating Intergranular Corrosion Resis- 3. Terminology
tance of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys by Immersion
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, see NACE/
in Sodium C
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G31–12 Designation:G31–12a
Standard Guide for
1
Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG31;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers and describes the factors that influence laboratory immersion corrosion tests, particularly mass loss tests.
These factors include apparatus, sampling, test specimen, test conditions (test solution composition, temperature, gas sparging,
fluid motion, solution volume, method of supporting test specimens, duration of test), methods of cleaning test specimens,
interpretation of results, and calculation of corrosion rates. This guide also emphasizes the importance of recording all pertinent
data and provides a checklist for reporting test data.
1.2 The specific evaluation of localized attack, environmentally assisted cracking, and effects of solution flow are not within the
scope of this guide.
1.3 This guide is intended to be used by those designing laboratory immersion tests who may not be familiar with all of the
variables to consider and the pitfalls that could be encountered when designing and conducting this kind of testing. It should be
used as a reference to ensure that the test will allow generation of data relevant to the application with the minimum of
interferences.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
G28 Test Methods for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion in Wrought, Nickel-Rich, Chromium-BearingAlloys
G34 Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test)
G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Corrosion
G48 TestMethodsforPittingandCreviceCorrosionResistanceofStainlessSteelsandRelatedAlloysbyUseofFerricChloride
Solution
G66 Test Method for Visual Assessment of Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys (ASSET
Test)
G67 Test Method for Determining the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys by Mass
Loss After Exposure to Nitric Acid (NAMLT Test)
G71 Guide for Conducting and Evaluating Galvanic Corrosion Tests in Electrolytes
G78 Guide for Crevice Corrosion Testing of Iron-Base and Nickel-Base Stainless Alloys in Seawater and Other Chloride-
Containing Aqueous Environments
G82 Guide for Development and Use of a Galvanic Series for Predicting Galvanic Corrosion Performance
G107 Guide for Formats for Collection and Compilation of Corrosion Data for Metals for Computerized Database Input
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of NACE/ASTM Committee J01, Joint Committee on Corrosion, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee J01.01, Working
Group on Laboratory Immersion Tests.
Current edition approved Jan. 15,July 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous ASTM edition approved in 20042012 as
G31–72(2004).G31–12. NACE edition originally approved in 1969. Last previous NACE edition approved in 2000 as TM0169-2000. DOI: 10.1520/G0031-12A.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMWebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMWebsite.ForNACEstandards,visittheNACEWebsite,www.nace.org,orcontactNACE
FirstService at fi[e-mail].
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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G31–12a
G108 Test Method for Electrochemical Reactivation (EPR) for Detecting Sen
...