ASTM D7144-21
(Practice)Standard Practice for Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for Subsequent Determination of Metals and Metalloids
Standard Practice for Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for Subsequent Determination of Metals and Metalloids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Human exposure to toxic metals and metalloids present in surface dust can result from dermal contact with or ingestion of contaminated dust. Also, inhalation exposure can result from disturbing dust particles from contaminated surfaces. Thus, standardized methods for the collection and analysis of metals and metalloids in surface dust samples are needed in order to evaluate the potential for human exposure to toxic elements.
5.2 This practice involves the use of sampling equipment to collect surface dust samples that may contain toxic metals and metalloids, and is intended for use by qualified technical professionals.
5.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of collected elemental concentrations on an area (loading) or mass concentration basis, or both.
5.4 Because particle losses can occur due to collection of dust onto the inner surfaces of the nozzle, the length of the collection nozzle is specified in order that such losses are comparable from one sample to another.
5.5 This practice is suitable for the collection of surface dust samples from, for example: (a) soft, porous surfaces such as carpet or upholstery; (b) hard, rough surfaces such as concrete or roughened wood; (c) confined areas that cannot be easily sampled by other means (such as wipe sampling as described in Practice D6966). A companion sampling technique that may be used for collection of surface dust from hard, smooth surfaces is wipe sampling (Practice D6966). A companion vacuum sampling technique that may be used for sampling carpets is described in Practice D5438.
5.6 Procedures presented in this practice are intended to provide a standardized method for dust collection from surfaces that cannot be reliably sampled using wipe collection methods (for example, Practice D6966). Additionally, the procedure described uses equipment that is readily available and in common use for other environmental and occupational hygiene sampling applications.
5.7 The entire...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of surface dust for subsequent determination of metals and metalloids. The primary intended application is for sampling from soft, rough, or porous surfaces.
1.2 Micro-vacuum sampling is carried out using a collection nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is connected to an air sampling pump.
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of metals and metalloids on a loading basis (mass of element(s) per unit area sampled), or on a concentration basis (mass of element(s) per unit mass of sample collected), or both.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inherent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results for vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection. Indeed, dust collection will generally be biased towards smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this standard practice will generate data that are consistent and comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum collection at a variety of sampling locations and sites.2
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7144 − 21
Standard Practice for
Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for
1
Subsequent Determination of Metals and Metalloids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of
surface dust for subsequent determination of metals and
2. Referenced Documents
metalloids. The primary intended application is for sampling
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from soft, rough, or porous surfaces.
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
1.2 Micro-vacuumsamplingiscarriedoutusingacollection
Atmospheres
nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
connected to an air sampling pump.
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of
D5438 Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical
metals and metalloids on a loading basis (mass of element(s)
Analysis
per unit area sampled), or on a concentration basis (mass of
D5337 Practice for Flow RateAdjustment of Personal Sam-
element(s) per unit mass of sample collected), or both.
pling Pumps
D6966 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determi-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
nation of Metals
standard.
D7035 Test Method for Determination of Metals and Met-
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inher-
alloids in Airborne Particulate Matter by Inductively
ent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results
Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-
for vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust
AES)
contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection.
Indeed, dust collection will generally be biased towards
3. Terminology
smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to sam-
standard practice will generate data that are consistent and
pling and analysis of dust not given here, refer to Terminology
comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum col-
2
D1356.
lection at a variety of sampling locations and sites.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 air sampling pump, n—a portable pump that is used to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- draw air through a filter holder/collection nozzle assembly for
micro-vacuum collection of surface dust. An example would
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. include a personal sampling pump.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2 batch, n—a group of field or quality control samples,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
orboth,thatarecollectedtogetherinasimilarenvironmentand
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
are processed together using the same reagents and equipment.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.3 collection nozzle, n—a piece of flexible plastic tubing
cut at a 45º angle at the inlet end, and connected at the outlet
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality end to the inlet orifice of a filter holder (sampling cassette).
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir Quality.
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D7144 – 05a (2016).
3
DOI: 10.1520/D7144-21. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
2
Reynolds, S. J., et al.,“Laboratory Comparison of Vacuum, OSHA, and HUD contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Sampling Methods for Lead in Household Dust,” American Industrial Hygiene Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Association Journal, Vol 58, 1997, pp. 439–446. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7144 − 05a (Reapproved 2016) D7144 − 21
Standard Practice for
Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for
Subsequent Metals DeterminationDetermination of Metals
1
and Metalloids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of surface dust for subsequent determination of metals. metals and
metalloids. The primary intended application is for sampling from soft, rough, or porous surfaces.
1.2 Micro-vacuum sampling is carried out using a collection nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is connected
to an air sampling pump.
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of metals and metalloids on a loading basis (mass of metal(s)element(s)
per unit area sampled), or on a concentration basis (mass of metal(s)element(s) per unit mass of sample collected), or both.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inherent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results for
vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection. Indeed,
dust collection will generally be biased towards smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this standard practice
will generate data that are consistent and comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum collection at a variety of
2
sampling locations and sites.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016May 1, 2021. Published October 2016May 2021. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
D7144 – 05a (2011).(2016). DOI: 10.1520/D7144-05AR16.10.1520/D7144-21.
2
Reynolds, S. J., et al.,“Laboratory Comparison of Vacuum, OSHA, and HUD Sampling Methods for Lead in Household Dust,” American Industrial Hygiene Association
Journal, Vol.Vol 58, 1997, pp. 439–446.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7144 − 21
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5438 Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical Analysis
D5337 Practice for Flow Rate Adjustment of Personal Sampling Pumps
D6966 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determination of Metals
D7035 Test Method for Determination of Metals and Metalloids in Airborne Particulate Matter by Inductively Coupled Plasma
Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 15202-1 Workplace air—Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by inductively coupled
plasma atomic emission spectrometry—Part 1: Sampling
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to sampling and analysis of dust not given here, refer to Terminology D1356.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 air sampling pump—pump, n—a portable pump that is used to draw air through a filter holder/collection nozzle assembly
for micro-vacuum collection of surface dust. An example would include a personal sampling pump. D1356
3.2.2 batch—batch, n—a group of field or quali
...
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