ASTM D6606-00
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Viscosity and Yield of Vehicles and Varnishes by the Duke Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Viscosity and Yield of Vehicles and Varnishes by the Duke Viscometer
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the viscosity of varnishes, ink vehicles, and similar liquids that are essentially nonvolatile and unreactive under ordinary room conditions using the Duke Automated high shear rod and collar viscometer.
1.2 The instrument in this test method is similar in principle to the falling-rod viscometer described in Test Method D 4040 except that the collar is motor driven and the range of available shear stresses is considerably greater. This instrument is capable of measured and extrapolated viscosity and yield values provided the proper model is chosen for the given application. See Section 6 for the ranges of specified models.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, that may be associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish any appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6606–00
Standard Test Method for
Viscosity and Yield of Vehicles and Varnishes by the Duke
Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.1.1 Discussion—This value can be either extrapolated
or measured.
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining
3.2.2 shortness ratio, n—a ratio to determine the shortness
the viscosity of varnishes, ink vehicles, and similar liquids that
characteristic of the fluid where SR = yield value/apparent
are essentially nonvolatile and unreactive under ordinary room
viscosity.
conditionsusingtheDukeAutomatedhighshearrodandcollar
viscometer.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 Theinstrumentinthistestmethodissimilarinprinciple
4.1 This automated test method is based upon accurate
to the falling-rod viscometer described in Test Method D4040
measurement of the force that is transferred at a known
exceptthatthecollarismotordrivenandtherangeofavailable
temperature into a stationary vertical rod as a fluid such as
shear stresses is considerably greater. This instrument is
printing ink/varnish moves through a precision measurement
capable of measured and extrapolated viscosity and yield
gap formed between the outside diameter of the rod and the
values provided the proper model is chosen for the given
inside diameter of collar of specific geometry as said collar
application. See Section 6 for the ranges of specified models.
moves upward along the length of the rod at specified
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
velocities.
safety concerns, if any, that may be associated with its use. It
4.2 The operator of the instrument and the customer must
is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish any
agree on the preprogrammed test sequence, which is to be run
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
for a given material and the desired test temperature. Supervi-
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sory personnel should know the specifics of each prepro-
2. Referenced Documents grammed test sequence, how to change a given test sequence,
and how to make a new test sequence.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 This test method provides actual measured test data of
D4040 Test Method for Viscosity of Printing Inks and
fluids at specified shear rates, which can be programmed to
Vehicles by the Falling Rod Viscometer
relate. In addition to actual measured data, extrapolated data
3. Terminology
using the “power law mathematical model” is provided that
correlates with manual testing methods as outlined in Test
3.1 Definitions: Terms relative to this test method are
Method D4040.
defined in Test Method D4040 except for those found in 3.2.
4.4 Specified test reference temperatures can range from
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
20–40°C. Allowable deviation from desired test reference
3.2.1 yield value, n—The Lehman’s yield value that is
−1
temperature could be specified differently in each test se-
defined as the stress at 2.5 s
quence.Allowableprogrammableiswithintherangeof0.05to
0.4°C.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of 5. Significance and Use
Subcommittee D01.37 on Ink Vehicles.
5.1 Actual direct measurements of apparent viscosity and
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2000. Published January 2001.
stress at shear rates of interest can be useful in the practical
Thesolesourceofsupplyofanautomatedhighshearrodandcollarviscometer
known to the committee at this time is Duke Custom Systems, Inc., Pleasant View,
controlofinkviscosityduringproductionandthespecification
TN. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
acceptance between supplier and purchaser.
ASTMHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameeting
of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6606–00
TABLE 1 Performance Ranges For Each Model
Model Number Stress Range (Dynes/ Viscosity Range Shear Rate Range Temperature Range° C
2 −1 −1
cm ) Poise at 2500sec (sec )
D-2010 D-2010E 75−1.0310 4 − 400 2.5 − 10,000 19–40
D-2012 D-2012E
D-2020 D-2020E 150−2.0310 10 − 800 2.5 − 10,000 19–40
D-2022 D-2022E
D-2050 D-2050E 300−5.0310 20 − 1,600 2.5 − 7,500 19–40
D-2052 D-2052E
D-2100 D-2100E 600 − 10.0310 40 − 3,200 2.5 − 7,500 19–40
D-2102 D-2102E
5.2 Use of the Duke automated viscometer provides direct 9.4 Clean the rod and collar thoroughly with tissues wetted
measurements for viscosity and yield value versus extrapolat- with naphtha or other appropriate solvent. Remove residual
ing data points that may be far from the desired shear rates. solvent with clean dry tissue. Ensure rod and collar are free of
lint or other particles from tissue or environment. Warning:
6. Apparatus
Failure to clean instrument adequately will severely influence
results.
6.1 Table 1 describes each model of the Duke automated
9.5 Ensure identification code on rod and collar match.
high shear rod and collar viscometer with the appropriate
9.6 Properly install and lock into viscometer the rod with
ranges for the ink or varnish being tested.
rod cup and collar in accordance with manufacturer’s recom-
7. Materials mendations.
9.7 Plug in collar/sample temperature probe.
7.1 ASTM Standard Viscosity Fluids—(For calibration pur-
9.8 Allow instrument to equilibrate at a desired test tem-
poses only.) At approximately 100, 200, and 400 poise, span
perature.
the practical range of the instrument without inducing self-
heating errors. The required fluids are N4000 (100 poise at
10. Calibration
25°C), S8000 (200 poise at 25°C), and N15000 (400 poise at
25°C).
10.1 Ensure instrument is within calibration window by
7.2 Lint and Metal-Free Rags or Tissues of appropriate
reading information contained in “Days to Next Calibration
size, so that they may be pulled or pushed completely through
Window”onthecomputerscreen.Thenumberofdaysuntilthe
the collar in a single pass.
next factory-authorized calibration is displayed whenever the
7.3 Naphtha or other Low-Boiling Solvent in a wash bottle
instrument is not in active use.
or closed metal container.
10.2 Periodically check calibration as in Section 17.
8. Hazards
11. Sample Preparation
8.1 Warning: Solvents may be hazardous to the skin and
11.1 Transport sample to be tested to the test area and
eyes. In addition to other precautions, always wear protective
preserveinasuitablecleanclosedcontainer.Skinpapershould
gloves and safety glasses during cleanup to avoid solvent
be used for oxidative fluids.
contact with skin and eyes. See supplier’s material safety data
11.2 Samples should be uniform dispersions or structures
sheet for further information on each solvent used.
throughout. Samples to be tested should be free of bubbles,
8.2 Instrument Warning: Never operate the instrument
skin,orotherdebris.Ifvariationsinstructurearesuspected,the
with the rod installed without fluid in the collar.
sample must be remixed until it is of uniform consistency.
11.3 Fillpipetwiththesampleandplacefilledpipetintothe
9. Preparation of Apparatus
temperature-controlled enclosure of viscometer. Warning: Do
9.1 Set the viscometer up on a sturdy vibration-free bench
not work the sample vigorously. Be sure to close the sample
capable of supporting at least 6.75 sq. m.
container immediately after removing the desired sample to be
9.2 Locate the viscometer in an area free of direct sunlight
tested.
to prevent sun-induced heating inside the clear temperature-
controlled enclosure.
12. Conditioning
9.3 Leveltheviscometerbyturningtheadjustablefeetupor
12.1 The test sequence and reference temperatures are
downuntilthespiritleveliscenteredandtheinstrumentisfree
programmable and are protected by password security to
from wobble.
prevent unauthorized changes from desired temperatures. The
reference temperature for this test method is 25.0° and the
enclosure temperature for this test method is 24.95°C.
The sole source of supply of the certified standard viscosity oil known to the
12.2 The pipet containing the sample should remain inside
committee at this time is Cannon Instrument Company, P.O. Box 16, State College,
thetemperature-controlledenclosureaminimumofoneminute
PA16801. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
before the sample is placed on the rod. Samples are approxi-
to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.