ASTM D1545-07

Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the procedures for determining the viscosity of transparent liquids by bubble time method. The transparent liquids should be free from crystalline or gel particles. Test apparatus include a constant-temperature bath, standard viscosity tubes, a series of standard viscosity tubes as reference standards, timing device, tube racks, and viscosity tube corks.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscosity in bubble seconds by timing. The bubble seconds are approximately equal to stokes for most liquids.
1.2 The test method is applicable to transparent liquids that are free from crystalline or gel particles.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2007
• ICS: 17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.24 - Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1545-98 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method (Withdrawn 2007)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Replaced By: ASTM D1545-07(2012) - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5165-12(2020) - Standard Practice for Laboratory Preparation of Gelled Vehicles Using a Resin Kettle
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D1725-12(2019) - Standard Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D1084-16(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D1544-04(2023) - Standard Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D4142-89(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Epoxy Resins
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D803-15(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1545–07
Standard Test Method for
1
Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1545; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 27 6 0.5 mm
100 6 0.5 mm
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the viscos-
108 6 0.5 mm
ity in bubble seconds by timing. The bubble seconds are
Thedistancebetweenthefirstandsecondlinesshallbe73 6
approximately equal to stokes for most liquids.
0.5 mm.
1.2 The test method is applicable to transparent liquids that
are free from crystalline or gel particles.
NOTE 1—All distances shall be measured from the outside bottom of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the tube.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.3 Reference Standards—A series of standard viscosity
standard.
tubes (3.2) filled with transparent liquids having predetermined
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
viscosities in stokes and bubble seconds and spaced in loga-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rithmicallyevenincrementsofabout26 %(log1.260 = 0.100),
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
as listed in Table 1. The standards shall be marked alphabeti-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
cally or numerically as shown in Table 1 without reference to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
stokes or bubble time (Note 2). Also listed in Table 1, for
general and historical reference only, is the long established
2. Terminology
series of Gardner-Holdt letter standards, in tubes that do not
2.1 Definitions:
have the three lines and are shorter than the standard viscosity
2.1.1 viscosity, n—the resistance experienced by one por-
tubes described in 3.2.
tion of a liquid moving over another portion of the liquid. The
NOTE 2—For convenience, the reference standards can be divided in
absolute unit of viscosity in the cgs, centimeter-gram-second,
three series: light series, 15 tubes marked 0.22 to 8.0; heavy series, 14
system is the poise which is expressed as dyne-seconds per
tubes marked 10 to 200; and very heavy series, 7 tubes, marked 250 to
square centimetre. Stokes are equal to poises divided by
1000.
density. The absolute SI, International System of Units (metric
3.4 Timing Device—Stopwatch or electric stop clock ca-
system), viscosity unit is the pascal-second.
pable of being read to a precision of 0.1 s.
3. Apparatus 3.5 Tube Racks, capable of inverting one or more viscosity
tubes 180° to within 1° of a vertical position while rack and
3.1 Constant-Temperature Bath—Any suitable bath capable
tubes are immersed in the constant temperature bath.
of maintaining temperature at 25 6 0.1°C with water as the
3.6 Viscosity Tube Corks, No. 2 short.
bath medium.
3.2 Standard Viscosity Tubes of clear glass and with flat
4. Procedure
bottoms, 10.65 6 0.025 mm in inside diameter; 114 61mm
4.1 Fill a standard viscosity tube with the material to be
in outside length. Plainly legible lines shall be located as
tested to approximately level with the 108-mm line.
follows (Note 1):
4.2 Transfer the tube to a constant 25°C temperature bath
with the cork loosely inserted. Hold at this temperature for 10
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
min.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints and Paint Materials.
NOTE 3—Adequate control of the temperature bath is essential. A
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
variationof0.1°Cinthetemperatureofthebathwillcausea1 %variation
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D1545 – 98 which was
in the timed bubble travel.
withdrawn March 2007 and reinstated in July 2007. DOI: 10.1520/D1545-07.
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D1545–07
TABLE 1 Recommended Numerical Standards for Comparator
the cork so that the bottom of the cork is on the level with the
A
Viscosity Tubes
108-mm line.This will ensure a bubble of suitable and uniform
Bubble
size.
B
Gardner- Seconds Gardner-
C
Bubble Tube
4.4 Insert the tube in the rack and immerse in the 25°C
Stokes Holdt and Stokes Holdt
B
Seconds Number
C
water bath. Allow the tube(s) to stand with cork down in the
L
...