ASTM F477-08

Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe

ABSTRACT
This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets) used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity, low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal. Tensile strength, elongation, hardness, compression set, accelerated aging, water immersion, ozone resistance, and force decay shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets) used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity, low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal.  
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber gaskets, or a combination of both.
Note 1—Oil-resistant gaskets are available for those applications where exposure to solvents or oil may occur. The user should contact the gasket manufacturer for recommendations.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2008
• ICS: 23.040.80 - Seals for pipe and hose assemblies
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.20 - Joining

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F477-07 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM F477-10 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2764/F2764M-23 - Standard Specification for 6 in. to 60 in. [150 mm to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Corrugated Double and Triple Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D3212-21 - Standard Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1970-23 - Standard Specification for Special Engineered Fittings, Appurtenances or Valves for use in Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2435-22 - Standard Specification for Steel Reinforced Polyethylene (PE) Corrugated Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2562/F2562M-15(2019) - Specification for Steel Reinforced Thermoplastic Ribbed Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Drainage and Sewerage
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D3034-23 - Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2763/F2763M-16(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Dual and Triple Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2649-14(2023) - Standard Specification for Corrugated High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Grease Interceptor Tanks
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F2946-12(2021) - Standard Specification for PVC Hub and Elastomeric Seal (Gasket) Tee Connection for Joining Plastic Pipe to Insitu Pipelines and Manholes
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D2680-20 - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1668-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Construction Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1760-16(2020) - Standard Specification for Coextruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Non-Pressure Plastic Pipe Having Reprocessed-Recycled Content
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: F477 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF477;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
Oven
1.1 This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets)
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity,
D1149 Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration—Cracking
low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to
in an Ozone Controlled Environment
push-onjointswhichrequirenointernalorexternalpressureto
D1229 TestMethodforRubberProperty—CompressionSet
effect the initial seal.
at Low Temperatures
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber
D1349 Practice for Rubber—Standard Temperatures for
gaskets, or a combination of both.
Testing
NOTE 1—Oil-resistant gaskets are available for those applications
D1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
where exposure to solvents or oil may occur. The user should contact the
D1415 Test Method for Rubber Property—International
gasket manufacturer for recommendations.
Hardness
1.3 Thetextofthisspecificationreferencesnotes,footnotes,
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
notesandfootnotes(excludingthoseintablesandfigures)shall
Hardness
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
F913 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric Seals
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
(Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
2.2 NSF Standards:
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
StandardNo.14 forPlasticPipingComponentsandRelated
4
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Materials
of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components-
4
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
Health Effects
limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to rubber or elastomer shall
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
beasdefinedinTerminologyD1566.Termsrelatingtoplastics
D395 TestMethodsforRubberProperty—CompressionSet
shall be as defined in Terminology D883.
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
4. Composition and Manufacture
plastic Elastomers—Tension
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
4.1 All gaskets shall be extruded or molded in such a
D518 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface
mannerthatanycrosssectionwillbedense,homogeneous,and
3
Cracking
free of porosity, blisters, pitting, or other defects that make
them unfit for the use intended. The gasket shall be fabricated
from a high-grade elastomer material. The basic polymer shall
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
be natural rubber, synthetic rubber, a blend of both, or a
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2008.PublishedJuly2008.Originallypublished
thermoplastic elastomer, meeting the requirements prescribed
as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F477–07. DOI:
in Sections 5 and 6.
10.1520/F0477-08.
2 4.2 Where a splice is used in the manufacture of the gasket,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
thestrengthshallbesuchthatthegasketshallwithstand100%
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
on www.astm.org. Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F477 – 08
TABLE 2 Physical Requirements for Thermoplastic Elastomeric
elongationoverthepartofthegasketwhichincludesthesplice
Seals for Plastic Pipe
with no visible separation of the splice. While in a stretched
position the gasket shall be rotated in the spliced area a
Low-Head High-Head
minimum of 180° in
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:F 477–07 Designation: F 477 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverselastomericseals(gaskets)usedtosealthejointsofplasticpipeusedforgravity,low-pressure,and
high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal.
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber gaskets, or a combination of both.
NOTE 1—Oil-resistant gaskets are available for those applications where exposure to solvents or oil may occur. The user should contact the gasket
manufacturer for recommendations.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes
and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression Set
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTension
D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of Liquids
D518 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurface Cracking
D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an Air Oven
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking in an Ozone Controlled Environment
D1229 Test Method for Rubber PropertyCompression Set at Low Temperatures
D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures for Testing
D1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
D1415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternational Hardness
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hardness
F913 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
2.2 NSF Standards:
3
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related Materials
3
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components-Health Effects
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to rubber or elastomer shall be as defined in Terminology D1566. Terms relating to plastics
shall be as defined in Terminology D883.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
´1
Current edition approved April 15, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally published as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F477–02 .
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally published as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F477–07.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F 477–08
4. Composition and Manufacture
4.1 All gaskets shall be extruded or molded in such a manner that any cross section will be dense, homogeneous, and free of
porosity, blisters, pitting, or other imperfections.defects that make them unfit for the use intended. The gasket shall be fabricated
from a high-grade elastomer material. The basic polymer shall be natural rubber, synthetic rubber, a blend of both, or a
thermoplastic elastomer, meeting the requirements prescribed in Sections 5 and 6.
...