ASTM B770-21

Standard Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes requirements for copper-beryllium alloy sand castings for general applications and covers Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C81400, C82000, C82200, C82400, C82500, C82510, C82600, C82800, and C96700. The product shall be manufactured by casting and thermal treatment. Castings shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for copper, nickel, silicon, beryllium, cobalt, chromium, iron, zirconium, tin, and manganese. The standard temper designations include TF00 (cast, solution and precipitation heat treated) and M01 (as sand cast). Requirements for precipitation and solution heat-treatments of castings for the purpose of determining conformance to the specified mechanical properties including tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are detailed. Special combinations of properties such as increased ductility, electrical conductivity, dimensional accuracy, and endurance life may be obtained by special precipitation heat-treatments. Tension tests shall also meet the mechanical property requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for sand castings produced from copper-beryllium alloys. The following alloys are covered:    
Copper Alloy
UNS No.  
Designation  
Copper  
Nickel  
Beryllium  
C81400  
70C  
99.1  
...  
0.06  
C82000  
10C  
97  
...  
0.5  
C82200  
3C, 14C  
98  
2.0  
0.5  
C82400A  
165C, 165CTA  
97.8  
...  
1.7  
C82500A  
20C, 20CTA  
97.2  
...  
2.0  
C82510  
21C  
96.6  
...  
2.0  
C82600A  
245C, 245CTA  
96.8  
...  
2.4  
C82800A  
275C, 275CTA  
96.6  
...  
2.6  
C96700  
72C  
67.2  
31.0  
1.2  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2021
• ICS: 77.150.30 - Copper products
• Technical Committee: B05 - Copper and Copper Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B05.05 - Castings and Ingots for Remelting

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-24 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM B950-23 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM B846-19a - Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM B846-19 - Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM B601-18a - Standard Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM B601-18 - Standard Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2018
• Refers: ASTM B950-17 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Refers: ASTM B824-17 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2017
• Refers: ASTM B824-16 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2016
• Refers: ASTM B601-16 - Standard Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2016
• Refers: ASTM B30-16 - Standard Specification for Copper Alloys in Ingot Form
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2016
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM B950-16 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016
• Refers: ASTM B950-15 - Standard Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2015
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-15 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015

Overview

ASTM B770-21: Standard Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications defines the technical requirements for sand castings made from specific copper-beryllium alloys. This internationally recognized standard, released by ASTM, ensures consistent quality and performance by specifying allowable material compositions, manufacturing processes, and mechanical properties for a range of copper-based alloys. Compliant castings are widely used across industries due to their exceptional mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability.

Key Topics

• Covered Alloys: This standard covers copper alloy UNS numbers C81400, C82000, C82200, C82400, C82500, C82510, C82600, C82800, and C96700, each offering unique performance characteristics for varied applications.
• Manufacturing Methods: Castings must be produced by sand casting followed by appropriate thermal treatments such as solution and precipitation heat treatments. These treatments optimize mechanical properties like tensile strength and elongation.
• Chemical Composition: Each alloy must meet strict chemical composition requirements, including limits on copper, beryllium, nickel, silicon, cobalt, chromium, iron, zirconium, tin, and manganese.
• Temper Designations:
  • TF00: Cast, solution, and precipitation heat treated
  • M01: As sand cast
• Mechanical Property Requirements: Castings must conform to prescribed tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation values for their specified temper and alloy type.
• Testing and Compliance: Tension tests are used to verify mechanical properties, and manufacturers must maintain documentation and traceability.
• Ordering Information: Provides detailed guidance for purchasers, including alloy specification, temper, drawing references, quantity, and optional requirements such as certification or special tests.

Applications

Copper-beryllium alloy sand castings standardized by ASTM B770-21 are critical in applications demanding high strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion and fatigue. Practical areas of use include:

• Electrical Components: The alloys' superior electrical conductivity and thermal stability make them suitable for connectors, contact terminals, and switchgear parts.
• Aerospace and Defense: Components benefit from the alloy's mechanical strength and non-sparking characteristics, essential for safety-related parts.
• Industrial Equipment: Used in pump and valve bodies, bushings, and precision fittings that operate under demanding conditions.
• Automotive Applications: Trusted for durability and resilience in transmission and engine components.
• Tooling and Mold Making: The excellent wear resistance and machinability of these alloys lend themselves to high-performance tools and dies.

Adherence to ASTM B770-21 ensures parts provide reliable performance even in critical and safety-sensitive environments.

Related Standards

ASTM B770-21 references several related standards to ensure a comprehensive approach to copper-beryllium casting quality:

• ASTM B30: Specification for Copper Alloys in Ingot and Other Remelt Forms
• ASTM B208: Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Castings
• ASTM B601: Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys-Wrought and Cast
• ASTM B824: Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
• ASTM B846: Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
• ASTM E8/E8M: Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• ASTM E527/B950: Unified Numbering System (UNS) for Metals and Alloys

These standards provide additional guidance on composition control, testing, classification, and terminology, supporting traceability and consistent quality for copper-beryllium alloy sand castings.

---

Keywords: ASTM B770-21, copper-beryllium castings, copper alloy sand castings, mechanical properties, chemical composition, industrial castings, electrical conductivity, thermal treatment, alloy standards, UNS copper alloys.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B770 −21
Standard Specification for
Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Castings for General
Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents in the current issue of the
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for sand
Annual Book of ASTM Standards form a part of this specifica-
castingsproducedfromcopper-berylliumalloys.Thefollowing
tion to the extent referenced herein:
alloys are covered:
Copper Alloy 2.2 ASTM Standards:
Designation Copper Nickel Beryllium
UNS No.
B30 Specification for Copper Alloys in Ingot and Other
C81400 70C 99.1 . 0.06
Remelt Forms
C82000 10C 97 . 0.5
B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for
C82200 3C, 14C 98 2.0 0.5
A A
C82400 165C, 165CT 97.8 . 1.7 Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and
A A
C82500 20C, 20CT 97.2 . 2.0
Continuous Castings
C82510 21C 96.6 . 2.0
A A B601 Classification forTemper Designations for Copper and
C82600 245C, 245CT 96.8 . 2.4
A A
C82800 275C, 275CT 96.6 . 2.6 Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
C96700 72C 67.2 31.0 1.2
B824 Specification for General Requirements for Copper
Alloy Castings
A
Whenfine-grainedcastingsarespecified,0.02to0.12titaniumisaddedforgrain
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
refinement, usually in the remelt ingot. See Specification B30.
B950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
terials
information only and are not considered standard.
3. General Requirements
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the
3.1 The following sections of Specification B824 constitute
test methods described in this specification:Thisstandarddoes
a part of this specification:
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
3.1.1 Terminology
associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthis
3.1.2 Material and Manufacture
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environ-
3.1.3 Chemical Composition,
mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
3.1.4 Dimensions and Permissible Variations
requirements prior to use.
3.1.5 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.6 Sampling
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.7 Number of Tests and Retests
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.8 Specimen Preparation
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.9 Test Methods
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.10 Significance of Numerical Limits
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.11 Inspection
3.1.12 Rejection and Rehearing
3.1.13 Certification,
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on
Castings and Ingots for Remelting. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as B770 – 15. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/B0770-21. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B770−21
3.1.14 Test Reports 8. Temper
3.1.15 Packaging and Package Marking
8.1 The standard tempers for products described in this
3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that specification are given in Table 2. See Classification B601.
referenced in 3.1 appears in this specification, it contains 8.1.1 Cast, solution heat treated, and precipitation heat
additional requirements that supplement those appearing in treated temper TF00.
Specification B824. 8.1.2 As-sand-cast temper M01.
8.1.3 Special or non-standard tempers are subject to agree-
4. Terminology
ment between supplier and purchaser.
4.1 For definitions of terms relating to copper and copper
9. Heat Treatment
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
9.1 For the purpose of determining conformance to the
5. Ordering Information
appropriate requirement in Table 2, the castings and test
5.1 Include the following specified choices when placing
specimens shall be precipitation heat-treated at a uniform
orders for product under this specification, as applicable:
temperature from the solution heat-treated condition. Solution
5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue
heat-treatment and precipitation heat-treatments are listed in
5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No.
Table 3. Other treatment times and temperatures may be
5.1.3 Temper (Section 8)
preferable for end products made from this material.
5.1.4 Quantity – total number of pieces
9.2 Special combinations of properties such as increased
5.1.5 Pattern or drawing number and condition (cast,
ductility, electrical conductivity, dimensional accuracy, and
machined, and so forth)
endurance life may be obtained by special precipitation heat
5.2 The following options are available and, when required, treatments. The mechanical requirements of Table 2 do not
shall be specified at the time of placing the order:
apply to such special heat treatments. Specific test require-
5.2.1 Mechanical requirements (Section 10)
ments as needed shall be agreed upon between the manufac-
5.2.2 Hydrostatic test (Specification B824)
turer or supplier and purchaser.
5.2.3 Soundness (Specification B824)
10. Mechanical Property Requirements
5.2.4 Certification
5.2.5 Test report
10.1 Tensile Strength Requirements:
5.2.6 Witness inspection 10.1.1 Product furnished under this specification shall con-
5.2.7 Product marking
form to the tensile requirements prescribed in Table 2, when
5.2.8 If product is purchased for agencies of the U.S. tested in accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.
government, see the Supplementary Requirements of Specifi-
10.1.2 Separately cast test-bar specimens shall be used to
cation B824 for additional requirements, if specified. determine mechanical properties in the as-cast or solution
heat-treated and precipitation heat-treated condition.
6. Materials and Manufacture
11. Casting Repair
6.1 Materials:
6.1.1 The materials of manufacture shall be castings of
11.1 The cast
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B770 − 15 B770 − 21
Standard Specification for
Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Castings for General
Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for copper-beryllium alloy sand castings for general applications and nominal
compositions alloys defined by this specification are shown sand castings produced from copper-beryllium alloys. The following
alloys are covered:
Copper Alloy
Designation Copper Nickel Beryllium
UNS No.
C81400 70C 99.1 . 0.06
C82000 10C 97 . 0.5
C82200 3C, 14C 98 2.0 0.5
A A
C82400 165C, 165CT 97.8 . 1.7
A A
C82500 20C, 20CT 97.2 . 2.0
C82510 21C 96.6 . 2.0
A A
C82600 245C, 245CT 96.8 . 2.4
A A
C82800 275C, 275CT 96.6 . 2.6
C96700 72C 67.2 31.0 1.2
A
When fine-grained castings are specified, 0.02 to 0.12 titanium is added for grain refinement, usually in the remelt ingot. See Specification B30.
in Table 1.
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification: This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents in the current issue of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards form form a part of this specification
to the extent referenced herein:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castings
and Ingots for Remelting.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2021. Published May 2015November 2021. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
B770 – 10.B770 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/B0770-15.10.1520/B0770-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B770 − 21
2.2 ASTM Standards:
B30 Specification for Copper Alloys in Ingot and Other Remelt Forms
B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and Continuous
Castings
B601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
B824 Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
E527B950 PracticeGuide for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)Editorial Procedures and
Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
3. General Requirements
3.1 The following sections of Specification B824 constitute a part of this specification:
3.1.1 Terminology,Terminology
3.1.2 Material and Manufacture,Manufacture
3.1.3 Chemical Composition,
3.1.4 Dimensions and Permissible Variations,Variations
3.1.5 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,Appearance
3.1.6 Sampling,Sampling
3.1.7 Number of Tests and Retests,Retests
3.1.8 Specimen Preparation,Preparation
3.1.9 Test Methods,Methods
3.1.10 Significance of Numerical Limits,Limits
3.1.11 Inspection,Inspection
3.1.12 Rejection and Rehearing,Rehearing
3.1.13 Certification,
3.1.14 Mill Test Report, andReports
3.1.15 Packaging and Package Marking.Marking
3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that referenced in 3.1 appears in this specification, it contains additional
requirements whichthat supplement those appearing in Specification B824.
4. Terminology
4.1 For definitions of terms relating to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
B770 − 21
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Include the following information for orders for product:specified choices when placing orders for product under this
specification, as applicable:
5.1.1 ASTM designation number, title, and year of issue,issue
5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS Number designation,No.
5.1.3 Temper,Temper (Section 8)
5.1.4 Quantity of castings required,– total number of pieces
5.1.5 Pattern or drawing number,number and condition (cast, machined, and so forth),forth)
5.1.6 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S. government, the Supplementary Requirements of Specification B824
may be specified.
5.2 The following options are available and should and, when required, shall be specified in the contract or purchase order when
required.at the time of placing the order:
5.2.1 Mechanical requirements, if specified in the purchase order requirements (Section 10),)
5.2.2 Pressure test requirements, if specified in the purchase order Hydrostatic test (Specification B824),)
5.2.3 Soundness requirements, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824),)
5.2.4 Repair of castings (Section Certification12),
5.2.5 Certification, if specified in the purchase order (Specification Test reportB824),
5.2.6 Foundry test report, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824),
5.2.6 Witness inspection, if specified in the purchase order (Specification inspectionB824), and
5.2.7 Product marking
5.2.8 Product marking, if specified in the purchase order (Specification If product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.
government, see the Supplementary Requirements of Specification B824). for additional requirements, if specified.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Material—Materials: The material of manufacture shall be castings of the copper alloys listed in Table 1, as specified in the
purchase order or contract, and of such purity and soundness as to be suitable for the products prescribed herein.
6.1.1 The materials of manufacture shall be castings of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C81400, C82000, C82200, C82400, C82500,
C82510, C82600, C82800, or C96700 as specified in the purchase order or contract, and of such purity and soundness as to be
suitable for the products prescribed herein.
6.2 Manufacture—Manufacture:
6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by casting and thermal treatment to meet the properties specified.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The castings shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed in Table 21 for the Copper Alloy UNS
Number designationscopper alloy UNS number designation specified in the ordering information.
B770 − 21
A
TABLE 21 Chemical Requirements
Composition,% max, except as indicated
Copper
B
Copper,
Alloy Beryllium Cobalt Nickel Silicon Zirconium Titanium Manganese Iron Zinc Chromium Lead Aluminum Tin
min
UNS No.
C81400 remainder 0.02–0.10 . . . . . . . . 0.6–1.0 . . .
C C
C82000 remainder 0.45–0.8 2.40–2.70 0.20 0.15 . . . 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.10 0.10
C82000 remainder 0.45–0.8 2.40–2.70 0.20 0.15 . . . 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.10 0.10
C82200 remainder 0.35–0.8 0.30 1.0–3.0 0.15 . . . . . . . . .
D
C82400 remainder 1.60–1.85 0.20–0.65 0.20 . . . . 0.20 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
B
C82400 remainder 1.60–1.85 0.20–0.65 0.20 . . . . 0.20 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
D C C
C82500 remainder 1.90–2.25 0.35–0.70 0.20 0.20–0.35 . . . 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
B
C82500 remainder 1.90–2.25 0.35–0.70 0.20 0.20–0.35 . . . 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
C82510 remainder 1.90–2.15 1.0–1.2 0.20 0.20–0.35 . . . 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
D
C82600 remainder 2.25–2.55 0.35–0.65 0.20 0.20–0.35 . . . 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
B
C82600 remainder 2.25–2.55 0.35–0.65 0.20 0.20–0.35 . . . 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
D C C
C82800 remainder 2.50–2.85 0.35–0.70 0.20 0.20–0.35 . . . 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
B
C82800 remainder 2.50–2.85 0.35–0.70 0.20 0.20–0.35 . . . 0.25 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.10
C
C96700 remainder 1.10–1.20 . 29.0–33.0 0.15 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.40–1.0 0.40–1.0 . . 0.01 . .
A
C96700 remainder 1.10–1.20 . 29.0–33.0 0.15 0.15–0.35 0.15–0.35 0.40–1.0 0.40–1.0 . . 0.01 . .
A
Analysis shall regularly be made only for the major elements. All others are considered residual elements, and if above the noted maximums, may influence performance of the casting, particularly in conductivity,
magnetic permeability, and machinability.
B
In reporting chemical analyses obtained by use of instruments such as spectrograph, X-ray, and atomic absorption, copper may be indicated as “remainder,” and taken by difference.
A
Nickel + cobalt.
B
When fine grained fine-grained castings are specified, 0.02–0.12 titanium is added for grain refinement, usually in the remelt ingot. See Specification B30.

B770 − 21
7.2 These composition limits do not preclude t
...