ASTM D1831-94e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricating greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units for the apparatus dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI conversions are provided for information only. All other values stated in SI units are standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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e1
Designation: D 1831 – 94
Standard Test Method for
Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Paragraph 7.3 was corrected editorially in May 1994.
1. Scope posed of finely divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant
to form the product’s structure.
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The thickener can be fibers (such as
the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricat-
various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
ing greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
non-soap thickeners) which are insoluble or, at the most, only
1.2 All values stated in inch-pound units except masses are
very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general
to be regarded as the standard. Masses and temperatures stated
requirements are that the solid particles be extremely small,
in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
uniformly dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant. D 217
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 consistency, n— of lubricating grease, the degree of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
resistance to movement under stress.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.4.1 Discussion—The term consistency is used some-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
what synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency
2. Referenced Documents refers to the worked penetration of a grease. D 217
3.1.5 penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the depth that
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the standard cone, when released to fall under its own weight
D 217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
for 5 s, enters the sample. D 217
Grease
3.1.6 working, n—of lubricating grease, the subjection of a
D 1403 Test Method for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
sample to the shearing action of the standard grease worker.
Grease Using One-Quarter and One-Half Scale Cone
D 217
Equipment
3.1.7 worked penetration, n— of lubricating grease, the
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
penetration at 25°C (77°F), without delay, of a sample after 60
Products, and Lubricants
double strokes in a standard grease worker. D 217
3. Terminology
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 roll stability, n— of lubricating grease, the change in
3.1 Definitions:
consistency of a sample after a specified amount of working in
3.1.1 lubricating grease, n—a semi-fluid to solid product of
a test apparatus utilizing a weighted roller inside a rotating
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
cylinder.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
4. Summary of Test Method
surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients
4.1 The Test Method D 1403 cone penetration of an ap-
imparting special properties are often included. D 217
proximately 50-g aliquot of lubricating grease is determined.
3.1.2 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
The grease is then subjected to low shear at 20 to 35°C (68 to
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them.
95°F) for2hina standard roll stability apparatus, before the
D 4175
cone penetration is again measured. The difference between the
3.1.3 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance com-
cone penetration before working and the cone penetration after
is used as a measure of the effect of low shear working on
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
grease consistency.
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.Gon Lubricating Grease.
5. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 1994. Published March 1994. Originally
published as D 1831 – 61T. Last previous edition D 1831– 88.
5.1 Although this test method is widely used for specifica-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
tion purposes, the significance of the roll stability test has not
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1831
been determined. The changes in worked penetration of a 9. Precision and Bias
grease after rolling are believed to be a measure of its shear
9.1 The precision of this test method is not known to have
stability, under the conditions of this low shear test.
been obtained in accordance with currently accepted guidelines
(for example in Committee D-2 research report RR: D02-1007,
6. Apparatus
“Manual on Determining Precision
...
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