ASTM E564-06(2018)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Static Load Test for Shear Resistance of Framed Walls for Buildings
Standard Practice for Static Load Test for Shear Resistance of Framed Walls for Buildings
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes methods for evaluating the shear capacity of a typical section of a framed wall, supported on a rigid foundation and having load applied in the plane of the wall along the edge opposite the rigid support and in a direction parallel to it. The objective is to provide a determination of the shear stiffness and strength of any structural light-frame wall configuration to be used as a shear-wall on a rigid support.
1.2 Limitations—This practice is not intended to be used as a basis for classifying sheathing shear capacity or as an evaluation of combined flexure and shear resulting from the wall being loaded on a flexible foundation.
1.2.1 The effect of sheathing variations is assessed by holding all other variables constant. Permitted variations in framing configuration and boundary conditions, however, require accurate documentation of the test setup to validate across-study comparisons of sheathing contribution to wall shear capacity.
Note 1: A wall tested on a flexible foundation is evaluated by comparing shear stiffness and strength results to those of an identical wall tested on a rigid foundation, following this practice. However, no methods are given for the measurement of wall bending displacements or assessment of stress distribution resulting from foundation flexure. Any extrapolation of wall racking behavior from the foundation conditions specified by this practice to flexible conditions shall be done with the support of a comparative test on a representative foundation.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E564 − 06 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Static Load Test for Shear Resistance of Framed Walls for
Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 Thispracticedescribesmethodsforevaluatingtheshear
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
capacity of a typical section of a framed wall, supported on a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
rigid foundation and having load applied in the plane of the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
wallalongtheedgeoppositetherigidsupportandinadirection
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
parallel to it.The objective is to provide a determination of the
shear stiffness and strength of any structural light-frame wall
2. Referenced Documents
configuration to be used as a shear-wall on a rigid support.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 Limitations—This practice is not intended to be used as
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
a basis for classifying sheathing shear capacity or as an
E575Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of
evaluation of combined flexure and shear resulting from the
Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-
wall being loaded on a flexible foundation.
semblies
1.2.1 The effect of sheathing variations is assessed by
E631Terminology of Building Constructions
holding all other variables constant. Permitted variations in
framing configuration and boundary conditions, however, re-
3. Terminology
quire accurate documentation of the test setup to validate
3.1 Defintions—For definitions of terms used in this
across-study comparisons of sheathing contribution to wall
standard, see Terminology E631.
shear capacity.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 1—A wall tested on a flexible foundation is evaluated by
3.2.1 racking—when applied to shear walls, refers to the
comparing shear stiffness and strength results to those of an identical wall
tendency for a wall frame to distort from rectangular to
testedonarigidfoundation,followingthispractice.However,nomethods
are given for the measurement of wall bending displacements or assess-
rhomboid under the action of an in-plane force applied parallel
mentofstressdistributionresultingfromfoundationflexure.Anyextrapo-
to the wall length.
lation of wall racking behavior from the foundation conditions specified
3.2.2 shear wall—structural subassembly that acts as a
by this practice to flexible conditions shall be done with the support of a
comparative test on a representative foundation.
cantilever/diaphragm to transfer horizontal building loads to
the foundation in the form of horizontal shear and an overturn-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ing moment.
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa- 3.2.3 uplift—the vertical displacement measured at the
tion only and are not considered standard. loaded end stud with respect to the test apparatus.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.3 Symbols:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3.1 a—height of cantilevered shear wall, in metres (feet).
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.3.2 b—length of cantilevered shear wall, in metres (feet).
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
2 2
3.3.3 C—initial length of the diagonal =a 1b , in metres
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(feet).
3.3.4 δ—diagonal elongation, in millimetres (inches).
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-
mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.11 on
Horizontal andVertical Structures/Structural Performance of Completed Structures. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2018.PublishedJuly2018.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E564–06 (2012). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E0564-06R18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E564 − 06 (2018)
3.3.5 ∆—total horizontal displacement of the top of the wall 6.4 Test Setup—Provisions shall be made to resist rigid-
measured with respect to the test apparatus, in millimetres bodyrotationintheplaneofthewallwherethisreflectstheuse
(inches). This value includes effects due to panel rotation, of the assembly in actual building constructions. This shall be
translation, and shear. done by application of relevant gravity or other loadings
simultaneously with the racking loads. The bottom of the
3.3.6 G'—global shear stiffness of the assembly, includes
assembly shall be attached to the test base with anchorage
rotation and translational displacements as well as diaphragm
connections simulating those that will be used in service. Load
shear displacement.
distribution along the top edge of the wall shall simulate floor
3.3.7 G' —internalshearstiffnessoftheassembly,includes
int
or roof members that will be used in the actual building
only the shear displacement of the wall in calculation.
construction. When required to minimize distortion,
3.3.8 P—concentrated load applied at the top edge of the
reinforcement, such as a strong-back attached along the length
wallattheselectedreferencedisplacement,innewtons(pound-
of the top plate or a steel bearing plate attached to the end of
force).
the top plate shall be installed. The wall test assembly shall be
laterally supported along its top with rollers or equivalent
3.3.9 P —highest load level held long enough to record
u
meanssoastorestrictassemblydisplacementoutsidetheplane
gage measurements, in newtons (pound-force).
of loading. Lateral support rigidity shall not exceed that
3.3.10 S —ultimate shear strength of the assembly, in new-
u
provided in the actual building construction.
tons per metre (pounds per foot).
6.5 Wall Size—Test wall size will vary with the study
objectives. Tests conducted to assess the structural perfor-
4. Significance and Use
mance of actual building construction shall have dimensions
4.1 This practice is used to determine static load capacity
commensurate with those of the shear walls being simulated.
and deflection of framed wall sections. This practice is used to
establish a load deflection curve. It is used to evaluate various
6.6 Curing and Conditioning—For framed wall construc-
framed systems representative of those intended for use in
tions containing elements whose structural performance is a
actual building constructions.
function of age, curing conditions, moisture content, or
temperature, the wall test assembly shall be conditioned prior
5. Summary of Practice to the test in accordance with the appropriate voluntary
consensus standards, manufacturer specifications, or industry
5.1 The shear strength and stiffness of a wall assembly and
curing practices for the various products used, or as needed to
its connections are determined by forcing a racking deforma-
meet the intent of the test. Care shall be taken to ensure that
tion.Thisisaccomplishedbyanchoringthebottomedgeofthe
curing and conditioning are representative of that expected in
wall assembly and applying a force to the top edge oriented
the actual building construction and that all elements of the
perpendicular to the wall height dimension and parallel to the
wall test assembly at the time of the test are approximately at
wall length dimension.Wall distortion is restricted to the plane
the equilibrium conditions expected in service.
oftheunstressedwall.Theforcesrequiredtorackthewalland
the corresponding displacements at each load interval are
6.7 Environmental Effect—When required to evaluate wall
measured.
assemblyperformanceforsimulatedenvironmentalconditions,
preconditioned specimens shall be tested in an environmental
6. Wall Test Assembly
chamber.
6.1 General—A wall assembly consists of frame elements
7. Procedure
including any diagonal bracing members or other
reinforcements, sheathing elements, and connections.The wall
7.1 Number of Tests—Test a minimum of two wall assem-
assemblytestedinaccordancewiththispracticeshallrepresent
blies to determine the shear capacity of a given construction.
the minimum acceptable stiffness using the targeted frame and
For unsymmetrical shear walls, run the second test with the
sheathing materials.
specimen orientation reversed with respect to the direction of
theloadapplicationusedinthefirsttest.Ifthestrengthorshear
6.2 Connections—The performance of the wall test assem-
stiffness of the second test is not within 15% of the results of
bly is influenced by the type and spacing of framing
the first test, test a third wall assembly with the wall oriented
connections, sheathing-to-frame connections and the wall as-
in the same manner as the weaker of the two test values. The
sembly anchorage connection to the test fixture, floor, or
strength and stiffness values reported shall be the average of
foundation.
the two weakest specimen values if three or more tests are
6.2.1 Allconnectionsusedinthetestshallberepresentative
performed.
of those used in the actual building construction.
6.2.2 Connector size and location on the frame shall corre-
7.2 Loading Procedure:
spond to specifications.
7.2.1 General—Racking loads shall be applied parallel to
6.3 Frame Requirements—The frame is an integral part of and at the top of the wall, in the central plane of the frame,
the wall test assembly. The test wall shall consist of the same using a hydraulic jack or similar loading device capable of
number,size,andgradeofframingmembersasareintendedto maintainingaconstantdisplacementrateforcontinuousloadto
be used in service. failure or holding a static load in the case of incremental
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