ASTM D2564-12(2018)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) solvent cements to be used in joining poly(vinyl chloride) piping systems.
1.2 These solvent cements are used with poly(vinyl chloride) piping systems made from compounds as defined in Specification D1784.
1.3 A procedure for joining PVC pipe and fittings is given in Practice D2855.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:D2564 −12 (Reapproved 2018) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Piping Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl 2.1 ASTM Standards:
chloride) (PVC) solvent cements to be used in joining poly- D1084Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
(vinyl chloride) piping systems. D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
tics
1.2 These solvent cements are used with poly(vinyl chlo-
D1784Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
ride) piping systems made from compounds as defined in
Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
Specification D1784.
(CPVC) Compounds
1.3 AprocedureforjoiningPVCpipeandfittingsisgivenin
D1785Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Practice D2855.
Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
D2467Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
1.4 Thetextofthisspecificationreferencesnotes,footnotes,
Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
D2855Practice for the Two-Step (Primer and Solvent Ce-
notesandfootnotes(excludingthoseintablesandfigures)shall
ment) Method of Joining Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Pipe and
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Piping Components with Tapered Sockets
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic
and are not considered standard.
Pipe and Fittings
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
F412Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This
F493Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user 3
2.2 National Sanitation Foundation Standards:
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
Standard No. 14for Plastic Piping Components and Related
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
Materials
regulatory limitations prior to use.
StandardNo.61forDrinkingWaterSystemsComponents—
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
Health Effects
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3. Terminology
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
nology D1600, unless otherwise specified.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D2564–12. DOI: Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
10.1520/D2564-12R18. Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2564−12 (2018)
4. Materials and Manufacture 6. Test Methods
4.1 The solvent cement shall be a solution of the base PVC 6.1 Solids Content:
6.1.1 Apparatus:
resin used to make Class 12454-B poly(vinyl chloride) mold-
ing or extrusion compound as defined in Specification D1784. 6.1.1.1 Ointment Tins (Style No. 12, 1-oz (30-mL), all
metal).
4.2 When rework material is used, the manufacturer shall
6.1.1.2 Vacuum. Oven
use only his own clean rework material that is compatible with
6.1.1.3 Analytical. Balance
virgin material and produces a cement that meets the require-
6.1.1.4 Centrifuge.
ments of this specification.
6.1.2 Procedure:
4.3 The cement shall be free-flowing and shall not contain
6.1.2.1 Stir the sample thoroughly with a spatula before
lumps, macroscopic undissolved particles, or any foreign
weighing (Note 4). Weigh 3.0 6 0.5 g of the sample to the
matter that will adversely affect the ultimate joint strength or
nearest 1 mg into a tared ointment tin. Place tin into the
chemical resistance of the cement.
vacuum oven (Note 5), and heat at 248°F (120°C) for 45 min
4.4 The cement shall show no gelation. It shall show no +15, −0 min. Discard specimens left in for more than 1 h. The
vacuummustbecontinuallyinoperationtodrawoffflammable
stratification or separation that cannot be removed by stirring
or shaking. solvents and shall be maintained at 15 mm Hg minimum.
Remove the tin from the oven and place in a desiccator until
4.5 When inert fillers are added, the resulting cement shall
cooled to room temperature.Weigh the tin and dried sample to
meet all requirements of this specification.
the nearest 1 mg.
4.6 The particular solvent system to be used in the formu-
NOTE 4—This material is usually nonhomogeneous and shall be
lation of this solvent cement is not specified, since it is
thoroughly stirred before weighing. The weighing shall also be accom-
recognizedthatanumberofadequatesolventsystemsforPVC
plished quickly to avoid loss of solvent by volatilization.
exist. Solvent systems consisting of blends of tetrahydrofuran
NOTE 5—The use of a vacuum oven is mandatory for drying the
and cyclohexanone have been found to make cements that are specimen,becausethisovenhasneitheranexposedheatingsurfacenoran
open flame, thus avoiding the danger of flashing. The oven also provides
acceptable under the requirements of this specification.
an open vacuum to exhaust solvent fumes.
NOTE 1—It is recommended that solvent cements made to this speci-
6.1.2.2 After weighing, dissolve most of the dried sample
fication notbeorangesincethatcolorisrecommendedforusewithCPVC
byadding15mLoftetrahydrofuran(THF)tothesampleinthe
solvent cement under Specification F493.
ointment tin and stirring with a glass rod for 15 min. Collect
theliquiddecantedfromthisstep,plustheliquidfromthenext
5. Requirements
twosteps.Dissolvetheremainderwithasecondadditionof15
5.1 Resin Content—The PVC resin content shall be 10%
mL of THF, followed by a third addition of 5 mL of THF to
minimum when tested in accordance with 6.1.
rinse the ointment tin. Centrifuge the entire volume at 20 000
5.2 Dissolution—The cement shall be capable of dissolving
r/minfor15min.Discardthesupernatantliquid.Add15mLof
an additional 3% by weight of PVC 12454-B compound
THFtothetube,mixthoroughly,andtransferthetubecontents
(eitherpowderorgranular)ortheequivalentPVCresinat73.4
to the ointment tin. Use 2 mL more of THF to wash down the
6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) without evidence of gelation.
tube, and pour into the ointment tin. Evaporate off the THF in
the vacuum oven at 248°F (120°C) for 45 min. Cool in
5.3 Viscosity—Cements are classified as regular-, medium-,
desiccator, weigh the tin to the nearest 1 mg, and calculate the
orheavy-bodiedtypes,basedontheirminimumviscositywhen
percent of inert filler present in the cement.
tested in accordance with 6.1.1.
6.1.3 Calculation—Calculate the percentage of PVC resin
5.3.1 Regular-bodied cements shall have a minimum vis-
as follows:
cosity of 90 cP (90 mPa·s).
5.3.2 Medium-bodied cements shall have a minimum vis- Resin,% 5 @ B 2 A 2 D / C 2 A # 3100 (1)
~ ! ~ !
cosity of 500 cP (500 mPa·s).
where:
5.3.3 Heavy-bodied cements shall have a minimum viscos-
A = weight of ointment tin,
ity of 1600 cP (1600 mPa·s).
B = weight of tin and specimen after drying,
NOTE2—RefertoAppendixX1forguidelinesinselectingPVCsolvent
C = weight of tin and specimen before drying, and
cements for joining different pipe sizes.
D = weight of inert filler, if present.
NOTE 6—Other methods for determination of resin and inert filler
5.4 Lap Shear Strength—The minimum average lap shear
content may be used provided the results of the alternative method are as
strength,whentestedinaccordancewith6.3.2,shallbe250psi
accurate and consistent as the above method.
(1.7 MPa) after a 2-h curing time, 500 psi (3.4 MPa) after a
6.2 Viscosity—Measure the viscosity in accordance with
16-h curing time, and 900 psi (6.2 MPa) after a 72-h curing
Method B of Test Methods D1084, except that conditioning to
time.
temperature equilibrium only is required. For qualification
NOTE 3—These values should not be used for designing piping joints.
purposes, use a Model RVF viscometer, a speed of 10 r/min,
5.5 Hydrostatic Burst Strength—The minimum average hy- andthespindlethat,bytrial,givestheclosestreadingtocenter
drostatic burst strength, when tested in accordance with 6.3.3, range of scale for the cement being tested. Other speeds are
shall be 400 psi (2.8 MPa) after a 2-h curing time. also used for quality control purposes.
D2564−12 (2018)
6.3 Bond Strength:
6.3.1 Number of Specimens—A minimum of seven speci-
mens shall be tested for the lap shear strength test (see 5.4).A
minimum of five specimens shall be tested for the hydrostatic
burst stength test (see 5.4).
6.3.2 Lap Shear Strength:
6.3.2.1 Cut 1 by 1-in. (25 by 25-mm) and 1 by 2-in. (25 by FIG. 2 Typical Specimen-Holding Device
50-mm) sections from ⁄4-in. (6-mm) thick sheet made from
Class 12454-B PVC. One section of each size is required for
6.3.3.3 Close the ends of the test specimens with suitable
each test specimen (Fig. 1).
end closure
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2564 − 12 D2564 − 12 (Reapproved 2018) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Piping Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers requirements for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) solvent cements to be used in joining poly(vinyl
chloride) piping systems.
1.2 These solvent cements are used with poly(vinyl chloride) piping systems made from compounds as defined in Specification
D1784.
1.3 A procedure for joining PVC pipe and fittings is given in Practice D2855.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes
and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)
Compounds
D1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
D2467 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80
D2855 Practice for the Two-Step (Primer and Solvent Cement) Method of Joining Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlorinated
Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Pipe and Piping Components with Tapered Sockets
F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
F493 Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
2.2 National Sanitation Foundation Standards:
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related Materials
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components—Health Effects
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2012Aug. 1, 2018. Published December 2012August 2018. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20092012
ε1
as D2564 – 04(2009)D2564 –12. . DOI: 10.1520/D2564-12.10.1520/D2564-12R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2564 − 12 (2018)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology
D1600, unless otherwise specified.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The solvent cement shall be a solution of the base PVC resin used to make Class 12454-B poly(vinyl chloride) molding or
extrusion compound as defined in Specification D1784.
4.2 When rework material is used, the manufacturer shall use only his own clean rework material that is compatible with virgin
material and produces a cement that meets the requirements of this specification.
4.3 The cement shall be free-flowing and shall not contain lumps, macroscopic undissolved particles, or any foreign matter that
will adversely affect the ultimate joint strength or chemical resistance of the cement.
4.4 The cement shall show no gelation. It shall show no stratification or separation that cannot be removed by stirring or
shaking.
4.5 When inert fillers are added, the resulting cement shall meet all requirements of this specification.
4.6 The particular solvent system to be used in the formulation of this solvent cement is not specified, since it is recognized that
a number of adequate solvent systems for PVC exist. Solvent systems consisting of blends of tetrahydrofuran and cyclohexanone
have been found to make cements that are acceptable under the requirements of this specification.
NOTE 1—It is recommended that solvent cements made to this specification not be orange since that color is recommended for use with CPVC solvent
cement under Specification F493.
5. Requirements
5.1 Resin Content—The PVC resin content shall be 10 % minimum when tested in accordance with 6.1.
5.2 Dissolution—The cement shall be capable of dissolving an additional 3 % by weight of PVC 12454-B compound (either
powder or granular) or the equivalent PVC resin at 73.4 6 3.6°F3.6 °F (23 6 2°C)2 °C) without evidence of gelation.
5.3 Viscosity—Cements are classified as regular-, medium-, or heavy-bodied types, based on their minimum viscosity when
tested in accordance with 6.1.1.
5.3.1 Regular-bodied cements shall have a minimum viscosity of 90 cP (90 mPa·s).
5.3.2 Medium-bodied cements shall have a minimum viscosity of 500 cP (500 mPa·s).
5.3.3 Heavy-bodied cements shall have a minimum viscosity of 1600 cP (1600 mPa·s).
NOTE 2—Refer to Appendix X1 for guidelines in selecting PVC solvent cements for joining different pipe sizes.
5.4 Lap Shear Strength—The minimum average lap shear strength, when tested in accordance with 6.3.2, shall be 250 psi (1.7
MPa) after a 2-h curing time, 500 psi (3.4 MPa) after a 16-h curing time, and 900 psi (6.2 MPa) after a 72-h curing time.
NOTE 3—These values should not be used for designing piping joints.
5.5 Hydrostatic Burst Strength—The minimum average hydrostatic burst strength, when tested in accordance with 6.3.3, shall
be 400 psi (2.8 MPa) after a 2-h curing time.
6. Test Methods
6.1 Solids Content:
6.1.1 Apparatus:
6.1.1.1 Ointment Tins (Style No. 12, 1-oz (30-mL), all metal).
6.1.1.2 Vacuum. Oven
6.1.1.3 Analytical. Balance
6.1.1.4 Centrifuge.
6.1.2 Procedure:
6.1.2.1 Stir the sample thoroughly with a spatula before weighing (Note 4). Weigh 3.0 6 0.5 g of the sample to the nearest 1
mg into a tared ointment tin. Place tin into the vacuum oven (Note 5), and heat at 248°F (120°C)248 °F (120 °C) for 45 min +15,
−0 min. Discard specimens left in for more than 1 h. The vacuum must be continually in operation to draw off flammable solvents
and shall be maintained at 15 mm Hg minimum. Remove the tin from the oven and place in a desiccator until cooled to room
temperature. Weigh the tin and dried sample to the nearest 1 mg.
NOTE 4—This material is usually nonhomogeneous and shall be thoroughly stirred before weighing. The weighing shall also be accomplished quickly
to avoid loss of solvent by volatilization.
NOTE 5—The use of a vacuum oven is mandatory for drying the specimen, because this oven has neither an exposed heating surface nor an open flame,
thus avoiding the danger of flashing. The oven also provides an open vacuum to exhaust solvent fumes.
D2564 − 12 (2018)
6.1.2.2 After weighing, dissolve most of the dried sample by adding 15 mL of tetrahydrofuran (THF) to the sample in the
ointment tin and stirring with a glass rod for 15 min. Collect the liquid decanted from this step, plus the liquid from the next two
steps. Dissolve the remainder with a second addition of 15 mL of THF, followed by a third addition of 5 mL of THF to rinse the
ointment tin. Centrifuge the entire volume at 20 000 r/min for 15 min. Discard the supernatant liquid. Add 15 mL of THF to the
tube, mix thoroughly, and transfer the tube contents to the ointment tin. Use 2 mL more of THF to wash down the tube, and pour
into the ointment tin. Evaporate off the THF in the vacuum oven at 248°F (120°C)248 °F (120 °C) for 45 min. Cool in desiccator,
weigh the tin to the nearest 1 mg, and calculate the percent of inert filler present in the cement.
6.1.3 Calculation—Calculate the percentage of PVC resin as follows:
Resin,%5 @ B 2 A 2 D / C 2 A # 3100 (1)
~ ! ~ !
where:
A = weight of ointment tin,
B = weight of tin and specimen after drying,
C = weight of tin and specimen before drying, and
D = weight of inert filler, if present.
NOTE 6—Other methods for determination of resin and inert filler content may be used provided the results of the alternative method are as accurate
and consistent as the above method.
6.2 Viscosity—Measure the viscosity in accordance with Method B of Test Methods D1084, except that conditioning to
temperature equilibrium only is required. For qualification purposes, use a Model RVF viscometer, a speed of 10 r/min, and the
spindle that, by trial, gives the closest reading to center range of scale for the cement being tested. Other speeds are also used for
quality control purposes.
6.3 Bond Strength:
6.3.1 Number of Specimens—A minimum of seven specimens shall be tested for the lap shear strength test (see 5.4). A minimum
of five specimens shall be tested for the hydrostatic burst stength test (see 5.4).
6.3.2 Lap Shear Strength:
6.3.2.1 Cut 1 by 1-in. (25 by 25-mm) and 1 by 2-in. (25 by 50-mm) sections from ⁄4-in. (6-mm) thick sheet made from Class
12454-B PVC. One section of each size is required for each test specim
...
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