ASTM D6538-12
(Guide)Standard Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers
Standard Guide for Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides persons responsible for designing and implementing wastewater sampling programs with a summary of the types of automatic wastewater samplers, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of samplers and addresses recommended procedures for their use. The field settings are primarily, but not limited to, open channel flows in enclosed (e.g., sewer) systems or open (e.g., streams or open ditches, and sampling pressure lines) systems.TABLE 1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Manual versus Automatic Sampling of Wastewater (3)
Type
Advantages
Disadvantages
Manual
Low capital cost
Increased variability due to sample handling
Personnel can compensate for various situations
Inconsistency in collection
Personnel can document
unusual conditions
High cost of labor assuming composite or multiple grab samples are collected
Low maintenance
Repetitious and monotonous task for personnel
Extra samples can be collected
in a short time if necessary
Automatic
Consistent samples
Considerable maintenance for batteries and cleaning; susceptible to plugging by solids
Decreased variability caused by sample handling
Restricted in size to the general specifications
Minimal labor requirement for sampling
Greater potential for sample contamination
Capable of collecting multiple
grab and multiple aliquot
composite samples
May be subject to damage by vandals
High capital cost
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic wastewater samplers including procedures for their use in obtaining representative samples. Automatic wastewater samplers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that are representative of the parameters of interest in the wastewater body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling of wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to sample process streams and natural water bodies.
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D4687), development of data quality objectives (see Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (see Practice D6311), operational details of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (see Guide D6233), or sampling and field quality assurance (see Guide D5612). It also does not address sampling groundwater.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6538 − 12
Standard Guide for
1
Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6538; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment
Used at Waste Sites
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic
D5612 Guide for Quality Planning and Field Implementa-
wastewater samplers including procedures for their use in
tion of a Water Quality Measurement Program
obtaining representative samples. Automatic wastewater sam-
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
plers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
are representative of the parameters of interest in the waste-
lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
water body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling
Data Quality Objectives
of wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to
D6233 Guide for DataAssessment for Environmental Waste
sample process streams and natural water bodies.
Management Activities
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for
D6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related
planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D4687), devel-
to Waste ManagementActivities: Selection and Optimiza-
opment of data quality objectives (see Practice D5792), the
tion of Sampling Design
design of monitoring systems and determination of the number
of samples to collect (see Practice D6311), operational details 3. Terminology
of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpre-
refer to Terminology D5681.
tation of resultant data (see Guide D6233), or sampling and
field quality assurance (see Guide D5612). It also does not
4. Significance and Use
address sampling groundwater.
4.1 This guide provides persons responsible for designing
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
and implementing wastewater sampling programs with a sum-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this mary of the types of automatic wastewater samplers, discusses
standard.
the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of
1.3.1 Exception—Theinch-poundunitsgiveninparentheses
samplers and addresses recommended procedures for their use.
are for information only.
Thefieldsettingsareprimarily,butnotlimitedto,openchannel
flowsinenclosed(e.g.,sewer)systemsoropen(e.g.,streamsor
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
open ditches, and sampling pressure lines) systems.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
5. Automatic Versus Manual Sampling (1, 2)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 The advantages and disadvantages of manual and auto-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
matic sampling are summarized in Table 1. The decision as to
2. Referenced Documents whether to use manual or automatic sampling involves many
2 considerations in addition to equipment costs. In general,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
manual sampling is indicated when infrequent samples are
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
required from a site, when biological or sediment samples, or
both, are also required, when investigating special incidents,
1
where sites will not allow the use of automatic devices, for
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 on
most bacteriological sampling, where concentrations remain
Sampling Equipment.
relatively constant, etc. The use of automatic samplers is
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally
indicated where frequent sampling is required at a given site,
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6538-10. DOI:
10.1520/D6538-12. where long-term compositing is desired, where simultaneous
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to a list of references at the
the ASTM website. end of the standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6538 − 10 D6538 − 12
Standard Guide for
1
Sampling Wastewater With Automatic Samplers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6538; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of automatic wastewater samplers including procedures for their use in obtaining
representative samples. Automatic wastewater samplers are intended for the unattended collection of samples that are
representative of the parameters of interest in the wastewater body. While this guide primarily addresses the sampling of
wastewater, the same automatic samplers may be used to sample process streams and natural water bodies.
1.2 The guide does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (see Guide D4687), development of
data quality objectives (see Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to
collect (see Practice D6311), operational details of any specific type of sampler, in-situ measurement of parameters of interest, data
assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (see Guide D6233), or sampling and field quality assurance (see Guide
D5612). It also does not address sampling groundwater.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D3694 Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers and for Preservation of Organic Constituents
D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories Engaged in Analysis of Water
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites
D5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Quality Assurance and Quality
Control Planning and Implementation
D5612 Guide for Quality Planning and Field Implementation of a Water Quality Measurement Program
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of Data Quality
Objectives
D5851 Guide for Planning and Implementing a Water Monitoring Program
D5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for Heterogeneous Wastes
D6233 Guide for Data Assessment for Environmental Waste Management Activities
D6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Selection and Optimization of
Sampling Design
E856 Definitions of Terms and Abbreviations Relating to Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Refuse Derived Fuel
3
(Withdrawn 2011)
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 on Sampling Equipment.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2012. Published January 2011December 2012. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20052010
as D6538 – 00D6538(2005).-10. DOI: 10.1520/D6538-10.10.1520/D6538-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6538 − 12
TABLE 1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Manual versus
Automatic Sampling of Wastewater (3)
Type Advantages Disadvantages
Manual Low capital cost Increased variability due to
sample handling
Personnel can compensate for Inconsistency in collection
various situations
Personnel can document High cost of labor assuming
unusual conditions composite or multiple grab
samples are collec
...
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