ASTM E2510-20

Standard Test Method for Torque Calibration or Conformance of Rheometers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test method calibrates or demonstrates conformity of the torque signal of a rheometer at ambient temperature.  
5.2 A calibration factor thus determined may be used to obtain correct torque values.  
5.3 This test method may be used in research, development, specification acceptance, and quality control or assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance conformance for the torque signal generated by commercial or custom-built rheometers. The specific range of the test depends upon the torque range of the rheometer.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2020
• ICS: 17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.08 - Rheology

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2510 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Torque Calibration or Conformance of Rheometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2510; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope angular frequency, frequency, loss modulus, rheometer, storage
modulus, strain, stress, viscoelasticity, viscometer, viscometry,
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or perfor-
and viscosity.
mance conformance for the torque signal generated by com-
3.2 Definitions:
mercial or custom-built rheometers. The specific range of the
test depends upon the torque range of the rheometer.
3.2.1 torque, n—force applied through a moment arm that
produces or tends to produce rotation (N · m).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
4.1 A known force is applied to a rheometer coupling shaft
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the through a moment arm to produce a torque. The torque thus
applied is measured and compared to the indicated torque. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- ratio between indicated and applied torque is used to create a
calibration coefficient that may be used in future determina-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- tions.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.2 The known force generated by suspended precision
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
mass or masses is transmitted to the rheometer coupling shaft
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
by a line and an appropriate series of pulleys.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.3 Torque is mathematically defined by Eq 1:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
τ 5dFsinφ (1)
2. Referenced Documents
where:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
τ = torque,
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
d = the length of the moment arm (m),
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
F = the applied force (N), and
ology
φ = the angle to the moment arm over which the force is
E617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision
applied (°).
Mass Standards
4.3.1 If the force is applied tangentially at right angles (that
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
is, φ = 90°) to the moment arm, then sinφ = 1 and Eq 1 reduces
to Eq 2:
3. Terminology
τ 5dF (2)
3.1 Specific technical terms used in this test method are
definedinTerminologiesE473andE1142.Thesetermsinclude
4.4 The moment arm in this test method is created by
attaching a fixture of known radius to the rheometer coupling
shaft in lieu of a geometry, tool, or plate. The radius of the
fixture is the value of d in Eq 2.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E37 on Thermal
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.08 on Rheol-
4.5 A force is applied to the fixture at a tangent by a
ogy.
suspended mass through a thin wire and a suitable pulley
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20013 as E2510 – 07 (2013).
arrangement (see, for example, Fig. 1).
DOI: 10.1520/E2510-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4.6 For a mass or masses of known value, the applied force
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
is given by Eq 3:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. F 5Mgf (3)
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2510 − 20
FIG. 1 Example of Suspended Mass
A
TABLE 1 Unit Force Exerted by a Unit Mass in Air at Various Latitudes and Elevations
Elevation Above Sea Level, m (ft)
Latitude, ° –30.5 to 152 152 to 457 457 to 762 762 to 1067 1067 to 1372 1372 to 1676
(–100 to 500) (500 to 1500) (1500 to 2500) (2500 to 3500) (3500 to 4500) (4500 to 5500)
20 0.9978 0.9977 0.9976 0.9975 0.9975 0.9974
25 0.9981 0.9980 0.9979 0.9979 0.9978 0.9977
30 0.9985 0.9984 0.9983 0.9982 0.9982 0.9981
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2510 − 07 (Reapproved 2013) E2510 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Torque Calibration or Conformance of Rheometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2510; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance conformance for the torque signal generated by commercial or
custom-built rheometers. The specific range of the test depends upon the torque range of the rheometer.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision Mass Standards
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
3. Terminology
3.1 Specific technical terms used in this test method are defined in Terminologies E473 and E1142. These terms include angular
frequency, frequency, loss modulus, rheometer, storage modulus, strain, stress, viscoelasticity, viscometer, viscometry, and
viscosity.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 torque, n—force applied through a moment arm that produces or tends to produce rotation (N · m).
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A known force is applied to a rheometer coupling shaft through a moment arm to produce a torque. The torque thus applied
is measured and compared to the measuredindicated torque. The ratio between indicated and applied torque is used to create a
calibration coefficient that may be used in future determinations.
4.2 The known force generated by suspended precision mass or masses is transmitted to the rheometer coupling shaft by a line
and an appropriate series of pulleys.
4.3 Torque is mathematically defined by Eq 1:
τ5 d FsinΦ (1)
τ5d Fsinφ (1)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.08 on Rheology.
Current edition approved March 1, 2013April 1, 2020. Published April 2013May 2020. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 200720013 as
E2510 – 07. 07 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/E2510-07R13.10.1520/E2510-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2510 − 20
where:
τ = torque,
d = the length of the moment arm (m),
F = the applied force (N), and
φ = the angle to the moment arm over which the force is applied (°).
where:
τ = torque
d = the length of the moment arm (m)
F = the applied force (N)
Φ = the angle to the moment arm over which the force is applied (°)
4.3.1 If the force is applied tangentially at right angles (that is, Φφ = 90°) to the moment arm, then sinΦsinφ = 1 and Eq 1
reduces to Eq 2:
τ5 d F (2)
4.4 The moment arm in this test method is created by attaching a fixture of known radius to the rheometer coupling shaft in
lieu of a geometry, tool, or plate. The radius of the fixture is the value of d in Eq 2.
4.5 A force is applied to the fixture at a tangent by a suspended mass through a thin wire and a suitable pulley arrangement (see,
for example, Fig. 1).
4.6 For a mass or masses of known value, the applied force is given by Eq 3:
F 5 M g f (3)
F 5 M g f (3)
wh
...