ASTM D1119-22

Standard Test Method for Percent Ash Content of Engine Coolants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to aid in identifying types of coolants. While the ash is primarily due to the inorganic inhibitors used, it is not a measure of the total inhibitor concentration because of the loss of organic inhibitors.  
5.2 An ash content greater than that stated in Specification D3306 may indicate a salt-based product.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash content after ignition of commercial engine coolants and antirusts, as packaged or after use.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 7.1 and 7.3.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2022
• ICS: 71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
• Technical Committee: D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• Drafting Committee: D15.04 - Chemical Properties

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D1176-14(2019) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2019
• Refers: ASTM D3306-19 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM D1176-14 - Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2014
• Refers: ASTM D3306-10 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010
• Refers: ASTM D3306-09 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2009
• Refers: ASTM D3306-08a - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 15-May-2008
• Refers: ASTM D1176-98(2008) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Refers: ASTM D3306-08 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2008
• Refers: ASTM D3306-05 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2005
• Refers: ASTM D3306-03 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Refers: ASTM D3306-01 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Refers: ASTM D3306-00a - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Refers: ASTM D1176-98(2002) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998
• Refers: ASTM D1176-98 - Standard Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1998

Overview

ASTM D1119-22: Standard Test Method for Percent Ash Content of Engine Coolants outlines the procedure for determining the ash content in commercial engine coolants and antirust solutions, whether packaged or after use. Developed by ASTM International and recognized by various industries, this test method is significant for identifying coolant types and detecting the presence of inorganic inhibitors.

Measuring ash content is essential in distinguishing coolant formulations, particularly in differentiating between products with organic and inorganic inhibitors. While this method detects inorganic residue, it should be noted that it does not directly measure total inhibitor concentrations due to the loss of organic components during the test process.

Key Topics

• Ash Content Determination: The method involves ignition of a weighed coolant sample in high-temperature conditions, followed by quantifying the residual ash.
• Applicability: Can be used for both fresh and used engine coolants and antirust fluids.
• Significance: High ash content may indicate salt-based products, often suggesting the presence of inorganic inhibitors beyond acceptable thresholds defined in ASTM D3306.
• Sample Preparation: The procedure requires representative sampling and accurate weighing, typically following ASTM D1176 guidelines.
• Equipment: Requires a high-silica glass, porcelain, or platinum crucible, a muffle furnace capable of reaching 750 °C–900 °C, desiccator, and analytical balance.
• Safety Considerations: Users must adhere to proper laboratory safety practices due to high temperatures and potential fume hazards.

Applications

• Quality Control in Coolant Manufacturing: Ensures products meet required specifications by quantifying inorganic residue left after ignition.
• Product Identification and Compliance: Supports differentiation between coolant types, especially in distinguishing between conventional and salt-based products in line with standards such as ASTM D3306.
• Research and Development: Useful in the formulation or testing of new coolant blends by tracking changes in inhibitor composition after use or under various conditions.
• Laboratory Testing Facilities: Standardizes test methods across laboratories, enabling comparability and reproducibility of results.
• Regulatory Compliance: Helps manufacturers and laboratories demonstrate adherence to international and regional requirements regarding engine coolant composition.

Related Standards

• ASTM D3306 - Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service: Defines the maximum acceptable ash content for coolants to ensure engine protection and longevity.
• ASTM D1176 - Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes: Provides procedures to ensure representative and accurate sampling for testing.
• ISO and Other International Standards: ASTM D1119-22 aligns with principles for international standardization set by the World Trade Organization (WTO) Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Keywords: engine coolant ash content, ASTM D1119-22, engine coolant testing, ash determination, engine inhibitor analysis, coolant identification, laboratory test methods, automotive coolant standards.

By using ASTM D1119-22, manufacturers, laboratories, and quality assurance professionals can reliably assess ash content in engine coolants, driving product quality, compliance, and effective coolant formulation for automotive and industrial applications.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1119 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Percent Ash Content of Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofashcontent
4.1 To determine the ash content, the coolant is weighed,
after ignition of commercial engine coolants and antirusts, as evaporated or charred, and finally ignited at a strong heat.
packaged or after use.
5. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5.1 This test method is designed to aid in identifying types
standard.
of coolants. While the ash is primarily due to the inorganic
inhibitors used, it is not a measure of the total inhibitor
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
concentration because of the loss of organic inhibitors.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.2 An ash content greater than that stated in Specification
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D3306 may indicate a salt-based product.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Specific warning statements are given in 7.1 and 7.3.
6. Apparatus
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
6.1 Crucible, high-silica glass, porcelain, or platinum of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
50 mL capacity, equipped with cover.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
6.2 Muffle furnace.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
7. Procedure
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
7.1 Place the crucible in a muffle furnace set to a tempera-
2. Referenced Documents
ture between 750 °C and 900 °C for 15 min and allow to cool
2.1 ASTM Standards: to room temperature in a desiccator; then weigh to the nearest
0.1 mg. (Warning—When handling a hot crucible, use proper
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts forTesting Purposes caution and safety equipment such as safety glasses, gloves,
D3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for tongs, etc.)
Automobile and Light-Duty Service
7.2 Weigh 20 g 6 0.1 g of well-mixed coolant (Note 1),
including all phases, into the crucible. Sample in accordance
3. Terminology
with Practice D1176. Record the weight of the sample to the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: nearest 0.1 mg.
3.1.1 ash, n—the components of an engine coolant not
NOTE 1—The weight of sample taken is suitable for most commercial
removed by ignition at 750 °C.
products. If there is reason to believe that the ash content may be high, the
sample size may be decreased to 5 g or 10 g 6 0.1 g.
7.3 Place the covered crucible in a cool small sand bath in
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
a vented hood. Raise the temperature by any convenient means
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
until the liquid is evaporated. If the sample ignites, remove the
D15.04 on Chemical Properties.
heat source until the burning ceases; then reapply the heat.
Current edition approve
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1119 − 05 (Reapproved 2015) D1119 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Percent Ash Content of Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash content after ignition of commercial engine coolants and antirusts, as
packaged or after use.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 7.1 and 7.3.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
D3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 ash, n—the components of an engine coolant not removed by ignition at 750°C.750 °C.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 To determine the ash content, the coolant is weighed, evaporated or charred, and finally ignited at a strong heat.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is designed to aid in identifying types of coolants. While the ash is primarily due to the inorganic inhibitors
used, it is not a measure of the total inhibitor concentration because of the loss of organic inhibitors.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.04 on
Chemical Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015March 1, 2022. Published June 2015April 2022. Originally approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 20092015 as
D1119 – 05 (2009).(2015). DOI: 10.1520/D1119-05R15.10.1520/D1119-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1119 − 22
5.2 An ash content greater than that stated in Specification D3306 may indicate a salt-based product.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Crucible, high-silica glass, porcelain, or platinum of 50-mL50 mL capacity, equipped with cover.
6.2 Muffle furnace.
7. Procedure
7.1 IgnitePlace the crucible and cover over a Meker burner for 5in a muffle furnace set to a temperature between 750 °C and
900 °C for 15 min and allow to cool to room temperature in a desiccator; then weigh to the nearest 0.1 mg. (Warning—When
handling a hot crucible, use proper caution and safety equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, tongs, etc.Warning)—When
handling a hot crucible use proper caution and safety equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, tongs, etc.)
7.2 Weigh 2020 g 6 0.1 g of well-mixed coolant (Note 1), including all phases, into the crucible. Sample in accordance with Test
Method Practice D1176. Record the weight of the sample to the nearest 0.1 mg.
NOTE 1—The weight of sample taken is suitable for most commercial products. If there is reason to believe that the ash content may be high, the sample
size may be decreased to 55 g or 1010 g 6 0.1 g.
7.3 Pla
...