EN 16286-2:2013

Railway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles - Part 2: Acoustic measurements

This European Standard specifies a measurement method and conditions to obtain reproducible and comparable sound reduction indices of all kinds of rail bound vehicles’ gangway systems defined in EN 16286-1. The setup should include all components of the system mounted like this is done between two adjacent car bodies within the train, so that a person will be able to use the gangway system, consisting of e.g:
-   the bridge system (footplate);
-   side panels;
-   flexible components (bellows);
-   mounting systems;
-   elements to couple parts in case of separable gangway systems.
If separable gangway systems shall be measured, the whole system between two adjacent car bodies should be used.
The method is applicable to type testing of gangways.
This method is not applicable to:
-   interior noise measurements in vehicles;
-   structure borne noise measurements.
The type testing procedures specified in this European Standard are of engineering grade (grade 2) in the frequency range from 100 Hz up to 5 kHz; that is the preferred range for noise declaration purposes, as defined in EN ISO 12001. If test conditions are relaxed, the results are no longer of engineering grade.

Bahnanwendungen - Übergangssysteme zwischen Fahrzeugen - Teil 2: Messung der Akustik

Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Messverfahren und -bedingungen fest, um nachvollziehbare und vergleichbare Schalldämmmaße von Übergangssystemen spurgebundener Fahrzeuge nach EN 16286-1 zu erreichen. Der Aufbau sollte alle Bauteile des Übergangssystems beinhalten, so wie es zwischen benachbarten Wagenkästen innerhalb des Zuges angebracht wird, sodass eine Person in der Lage ist, das Übergangssystem zu benutzen, welches z. B. besteht aus:
 dem Brückensystem (Fußbodenplatte);
 Seitenwänden;
 flexiblen Bauteilen (Faltenbälge);
 Montagesystemen;
 Bauteilen, um Teile im Falle von trennbaren Übergangssystemen zu verbinden.
Falls trennbare Übergangssysteme gemessen werden sollen, sollte das gesamte System zwischen zwei angrenzenden Wagenkästen genutzt werden.
Die Verfahrensweise gilt für Typprüfungen von Übergängen.
Diese Verfahrensweise gilt nicht für:
 Geräuschmessungen im Innern von Fahrzeugen;
 Körperschallmessungen.
Die für die Typprüfung in dieser Europäischen Norm festgelegten Verfahren haben die Genauigkeitsklasse 2 im Frequenzbereich von 100 Hz bis 5 kHz; das ist die für die Zwecke von Geräuschangaben bevorzugte Genauigkeitsklasse, wie in EN ISO 12001 bestimmt. Wenn die Prüfbedingungen gelockert werden, haben die Ergebnisse folglich nicht mehr die Genauigkeitsklasse 2.

Applications ferroviaires - Système d'intercirculations entre véhicules - Partie 2: Mesures acoustiques

La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode et des conditions de mesurage permettant d'obtenir divers indices d'affaiblissement acoustiques reproductibles et comparables pour tous les types de systèmes d'intercirculation entre les véhicules ferroviaires définis dans l’EN 16286-1. Il convient que l’installation comprenne tous les composants du système de montage ou d’assemblage, comme ceux qui existent pour la mise en place du système d’intercirculation monté entre deux véhicules ferroviaires d’un même train pour permettre à une personne d'utiliser le système d'intercirculation, à savoir par exemple :
-   la passerelle ;
-   les parois verticales ;
-   les composants flexibles (soufflets) ;
-   les systèmes de montage ;
-   les éléments d'accouplement dans le cas de systèmes d'intercirculation séparables.
Si des systèmes d'intercirculation séparables doivent être mesurés, il convient que l'ensemble du système entre les deux caisses des véhicules ferroviaires adjacents soit utilisé.
NOTE   Du point de vue acoustique de la présente norme, le système d'intercirculation n'inclut pas les portes. Si des portes font partie du système d'intercirculation à mesurer conformément à la présente norme, elles doivent être ouvertes autant que possible. Si les portes recouvrent les soufflets en position d'ouverture, elles doivent être déposées pour le mesurage.
La méthode s'applique aux essais de type des intercirculations.
La présente méthode ne s'applique pas aux :
-   mesurages du bruit à l'intérieur des véhicules ;
-   aux mesurages du bruit solidien.
Les modes opératoires des essais de type spécifiés dans la présente Norme européenne sont de classe expertise (classe 2) dans le domaine de fréquences de 100 Hz à 5 kHz ; il s'agit du domaine de fréquence recommandé pour la déclaration de bruit, telle que définie dans l'EN ISO 12001. Si les conditions d'essai sont moins strictes, les résultats ne sont plus de classe expertise.

Železnice - Prehodni sistemi med vozili - 2. del: Meritve akustike

Ta dokument določa merilno metodo in pogoje za pridobivanje ponovljivih in primerljivih indeksov zvočne izolirnosti vseh vrst prehodnih sistemov železniških vozil. Vsi sestavni deli sistema morajo biti nameščeni na način, ki združuje dve sosednji ogrodji vagona v okviru vlaka, da lahko oseba uporablja prehodni sistem, ki vključuje npr. mostni sistem (ploščad); stranske plošče; upogljive sestavne dele (mehovi); montažne sisteme, elemente za spojitev delov v primeru ločljivih prehodnih sistemov. Če se merijo ločljivi prehodni sistemi, se uporabi celotni sistem med dvema sosednjima ogrodjema vagona.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Jun-2013
• ICS: 45.060.20 - Trailing stock
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 256 - Railway applications
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 256/WG 41 - Passenger Gangways
• Current Stage: 9092 - Decision on results of review/2YR ENQ - revise - Review Enquiry
• Completion Date: 07-Jul-2020
• Directive: 2008/57/EC - Directive 2008/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the interoperability of the rail system within the Community (Recast)
• Mandate: M/334 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the field of the Interoperability of the trans-european conventional rail system
• Mandate: M/483 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to the European standardisation bodies under directive 2008/57/EC in the field of the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union
• Ref Project: SIST EN 16286-2:2013 - Railway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles - Part 2: Acoustic measurements

Relations

• Revised: prEN 16286-2 - Railway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles - Part 2: Acoustic measurements
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Železnice - Prehodni sistemi med vozili - 2. del: Meritve akustikeBahnanwendungen - Übergangssysteme zwischen Fahrzeugen - Teil 2: Messung der AkustikApplications ferroviaires - Systèmes d'intercirculation entre véhicules - Partie 2: Mesures acoustiquesRailway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles - Part 2: Acoustic measurements45.060.01Železniška vozila na splošnoRailway rolling stock in general17.140.30Emisija hrupa transportnih sredstevNoise emitted by means of transportICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16286-2:2013SIST EN 16286-2:2013en,fr,de01-maj-2013SIST EN 16286-2:2013SLOVENSKI

STANDARD
SIST EN 16286-2:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16286-2
March 2013 ICS 45.060.20 English Version

Railway applications - Gangway systems between vehicles - Part 2: Acoustic measurements

Applications ferroviaires - Système d'intercirculations entre véhicules - Partie 2: Mesures acoustiques

Bahnanwendungen - Übergangssysteme zwischen Fahrzeugen - Teil 2: Messung der Akustik This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 February 2013.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,

B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16286-2:2013: ESIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................4 1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................5 2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................5 3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................6 4 Instrumentation and calibration ........................................................................................................ 13 4.1 Instrumentation ................................................................................................................................... 13 4.2 Calibration ........................................................................................................................................... 13 5 Measurement setup ............................................................................................................................ 13 6 Test procedure .................................................................................................................................... 16 6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 16 6.2 Generation of sound field .................................................................................................................. 16 6.3 Sound pressure level in the source room ........................................................................................ 17 6.4 Measurement of average sound intensity level on the measurement surface ............................ 17 6.4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 17 6.4.2 Measurement surface ......................................................................................................................... 18 6.4.3 Qualification of the measurement surface ....................................................................................... 18 6.4.4 Scanning procedure ........................................................................................................................... 19 6.4.5 Procedure using discrete positions.................................................................................................. 19 6.4.6 Scanning procedure for one measurement area ............................................................................. 19 6.4.7 Scanning procedure for several measurement subareas .............................................................. 20 6.5 Background noise............................................................................................................................... 20 6.6 Frequency range of measurements .................................................................................................. 20 7 Presentation of results ....................................................................................................................... 20 8 Quality of the measurements ............................................................................................................ 21 8.1 Deviations from the requirements .................................................................................................... 21 8.2 Measurement tolerances .................................................................................................................... 21 8.3 Measurement uncertainties ............................................................................................................... 21 9 Test report ........................................................................................................................................... 21 Annex A (normative)

Method to qualify the sound field on the surface of the test specimen in the source room ........................................................................................................................................ 23 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 25

SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16286-2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway Applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This series of European Standards EN 16286, Railway applications — Gangway systems between vehicles, consists of the following parts:  Part 1: Main applications  Part 2: Acoustic measurements According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard presents a measurement method to collect information about the noise insulation of rail bound vehicle gangway systems. These components need their own measurement procedure as the geometrical sound distribution situation is not in line with the basic assumptions of general standards about noise insulation measurements as provided for building elements, etc. In this standard, a number of different setups are described, which represent possible approaches to the ideal test situation. As the approaches may contradict the ideal sound fields, the standard includes methods to assess the influence of reflections and other difficulties in order to reduce the uncertainties of these test methods to an acceptable amount in Annex A.

SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a measurement method and conditions to obtain reproducible and comparable sound reduction indices of all kinds of rail bound vehicles’ gangway systems defined in EN 16286-1. The setup should include all components of the system mounted like this is done between two adjacent car bodies within the train, so that a person will be able to use the gangway system, consisting of e.g:  the bridge system (footplate);  side panels;  flexible components (bellows);  mounting systems;  elements to couple parts in case of separable gangway systems. If separable gangway systems shall be measured, the whole system between two adjacent car bodies should be used. The method is applicable to type testing of gangways.

This method is not applicable to:  interior noise measurements in vehicles;  structure borne noise measurements. The type testing procedures specified in this European Standard are of engineering grade (grade 2) in the frequency range from 100 Hz up to 5 kHz; that is the preferred range for noise declaration purposes, as defined in EN ISO 12001. If test conditions are relaxed, the results are no longer of engineering grade. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ENV 13005, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement EN 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators (IEC 60942) EN 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672-1) EN 61672-2, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests (IEC 61672-2) EN ISO 266, Acoustics — Preferred frequencies (ISO 266) EN ISO 3741, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Precision methods for reverberation test rooms (ISO 3741) EN ISO 9614-1:2009, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity — Part 1: Measurement at discrete points (ISO 9614-1:1993) EN ISO 10140-2, Acoustics — Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements — Part 2: Measurement of airborne sound insulation (ISO 10140-2) SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 6 EN ISO 10140-4:2010, Acoustics — Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements — Part 4: Measurement procedures and requirements (ISO 10140-4:2010) EN ISO 10140-5, Acoustics — Laboratory measurement of sound insulation of building elements — Part 5: Requirements for test facilities and equipment (ISO 10140-5) EN ISO 15186-1, Acoustics — Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements using sound intensity — Part 1: Laboratory measurements (ISO 15186-1) 3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 sound pressure

p root mean square (RMS) value of a fluctuating pressure superimposed on the static atmospheric pressure measured over a certain time period, expressed in Pa

3.2 sound pressure level
Lp level given by the formula: 2log)(

0pp/pL=dB (1) where Lp is the sound pressure level in dB; p is the RMS sound pressure in Pa; p0

the reference sound pressure; p0 = 20 µPa Note 1 to entry
Adapted from ISO 1996-1.
3.3 average sound pressure level in a source room

Lp1 ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the space and time average of the sound pressure squared to the square of the reference sound pressure, the space average being taken over the entire room with the exception of those parts where the direct radiation of a sound source or the near field of the boundaries (wall, window, etc.) is of significant influence Note 1 to entry

This quantity is given in decibels. Note 2 to entry

For a complete definition, see EN ISO 10140-2. 3.4 sound reduction index R ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the sound power W1 incident on the test specimen to the sound power W2 transmitted through the specimen: dBlog1021=WWR (2) SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 7 Note 1 to entry

The expression "sound transmission loss" is also in use. 3.5 sound intensity I time-averaged rate of flow of sound energy per unit area oriented normal to the local particle velocity; this is a vectorial quantity which is equal to:

()()01dTIptuttT××=∫ (3) where p(t)
is the instantaneous sound pressure at a point, in Pascals; ()tu

is the instantaneous particle velocity at the same point, in meters per second; T

is the averaging time, in seconds Note 1 to entry

Sound intensity is measured in watts per square meter. 3.6 normal sound intensity In component of the sound intensity in the direction normal to a measurement surface defined by the unit normal vector n: nIIn×= (4) where n is the unit normal vector directed out of the volume enclosed by the measurement surface 3.7 normal sound intensity level LIn ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the unsigned value of the normal sound intensity to the reference intensity I0, as given by: 0nInlog10IIL= dB (5) where 12010−=IW/m2 (6) 3.8 surface pressure-intensity indicator FpI difference between the sound pressure level, Lp, and the normal sound intensity level, LIn, on the measurement surface, both being time and surface averaged: InppILLF−= (7) SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 8 Note 1 to entry

This notation is in accordance with EN ISO 9614-2. In EN ISO 9614-1, the notation F2 is used. 3.9 pressure-residual intensity index /pI0 difference between the indicated sound pressure level, Lp, and the indicated sound intensity level, LI, when the intensity probe is placed and oriented in a sound field such that the sound intensity is zero Note 1 to entry

/pI0 is expressed in decibels. Note 2 to entry

Details for determining /pI0 are given in EN 61043: ()IppI0LL−=δ 3.10 intensity sound reduction index of a gangway RIG index evaluated from Formula (2), assuming that the sound field in the source room is diffuse: −−−∆+=SSLLLRmIncp1IGlog106(in dB)

(8) where Lp1 is the average sound pressure level in the source room;

∆Lc is the indicator for the diffusity of the sound field according to Annex A of this standard;

LIn is the average sound intensity level over the measurement surface in the receiving room;

Sm is the total area of the measurement surface(s);

S is the inner respectively outer contour area of the test specimen at the source side (compare Figure 1 and Figure 2) 3.11 source side area of the test specimen S contour area of the test specimen at the source side 3.12 measurement surface Sm surface in parallel to the bellow contour totally enclosing the test specimen on the receiving side, scanned or sampled by the probe during the measurements SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 9

Key 1 bellow at source side 2 bellow at receiving side 3 measurement surface Sm 4 contour area of the test specimen at the source side S 5 distance d between contour area of the receiving side and the measurement surface Sm Figure 1 — Measurement surface Sm for intensity measurements inside the gangway and contour area of the outer source side S

Key 1 bellow at receiving side 2 bellow at source side 3 measurement surface Sm 4 contour area of the test specimen at the source side S 5 distance d between contour area of the receiving side and the measurement surface Sm Figure 2 — Measurement surface Sm for intensity measurements outside the gangway and contour area of the inner source side S

SIST EN 16286-2:2013
EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 10

Key 11, 12 intersection points between horizontal line above floor level and inner contour of the gangway system 13, 14 intersection points between horizontal line below ceiling and inner contour of the gangway system a distance between horizontal line (intersection points 13 and 14) and ceiling level of the gangway system b distance between horizontal line (intersection points 11 and 12) and floor level of the gangway system Figure 3 — Procedure to determine areas of floor, sides and ceiling

Key 1 partial measurement surface of the roof Smc, 1
5 partial area of the roof Sc, 1
2 partial measurement surface of the side 1 Smc, 2
6 partial area of the side 1 Sc, 2
3 partial measurement surface of the side 2 Smc, 3
7 partial area of the side 2 Sc, 3
4 partial measurement surface of the floor Smc, 4
8 partial area of the floor Sc, 4

Figure 4 — Procedure to determine partial areas Sc and partial measurement surfaces Smc

in the case of an inside measurement surface
SIST EN 16286-2:2013
EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 11
Key 1 partial measurement surface of the roof Smc, 1
5 partial area of the roof Sc, 1
2 partial measurement surface of the side 1 Smc, 2
6 partial area of the side 1 Sc, 2
3 partial measurement surface of the side 2 Smc, 3
7 partial area of the side 2 Sc, 3
4 partial measurement surface of the floor Smc, 4

8 partial area of the floor Sc, 4 Figure 5 — Procedure to determine partial areas Sc and partial measurement surfaces Smc

in the case of an outside measurement surface 3.13 partial area

Sc inner respectively outer contour area S of the test specimen at the source side is subdivided into the contiguous partial areas Sc, representing the sidewalls, the floor and the ceiling

Note 1 to entry
The sum of all partial areas Sc equals the outer contour area S.
Note 2 to entry
Partial areas Sc can be combined from any number of contiguous subareas Sci.
∑=icicSS (9) Note 3 to entry
See Figure 3 to Figure 5.
3.14
subarea

Sci part of the inner respectively outer contour of the test specimen at the source side

Note 1 to entry
See Figures 4 and 5.
3.15
partial measurement surface

Smc measurement surface Sm of the test specimen is subdivided into the contiguous partial measurement surfaces Smc

Note 1 to entry
See Figures 4 and 5.
SIST EN 16286-2:2013
EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 12 ∑=imcimcSS (10) 3.16 measurement subarea

Smci part of the measurement surface Smc being measured with the intensity probe using one continuous scan or discrete positions

Note 1 to entry

No overlap and no gaps are intended between subareas. The measurement subarea Smci is related to the subarea Sci. Note 2 to entry

Figures 4 and 5 give explanation for Sci, Smci, Sc, Smc, a, b.
3.17 partial intensity sound reduction index of a gangway

RIGc index for the partial area c evaluated from Formula (2), assuming that the sound field in the source room is diffuse: −−−∆+=ccmInccp1IGclog106SSLdBLLR dB (11) where Ini110Incmiimc110log10LLSS×=∑ (12) Note 1 to entry

LInc is the average sound intensity level over the partial measurement surface Smc at the receiving side.

Note 2 to entry

If the sound intensity for a measurement subarea has a negative direction (i.e. if the flow of energy is in the direction towards the test object) a minus-sign will be inserted before the respective Smi. 3.18 overall intensity sound reduction index of a gangway RIG index for the overall area S evaluated from Formula (2), assuming that the sound field in the source room is diffuse:

−−−∆+=SSLLLRmIncp1IGlog106dB (13) where Inc110Inmcc110log10LmLSS×=∑

(14) Note 1 to entry

The overall intensity sound reduction index can also be calculated using the following formula: SIST EN 16286-2:2013

EN 16286-2:2013 (E) 13 IGc110IGcc110log10RRSS−×=−∑ (15) Note 2 to entry

See also Note 2 of Formula 12. 4 Instrumentation and calibration
4.1 Instrumentation
The compliance of the calibrator with the requirements of EN 60942 shall be
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