EN 13001-3-6:2018+A1:2021

Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders

This document is to be used together with the other generic parts of EN 13001 series of standards, see Annex E, as well as pertinent crane type product EN standards, and as such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to, by design and theoretical verification, prevent mechanical hazards of hydraulic cylinders that are part of the load carrying structures of cranes. Hydraulic piping, hoses and connectors used with the cylinders are not within the scope of this document, as well as cylinders made from other material than carbon steel.
NOTE 1   Specific requirements for particular crane types are given in the appropriate European product standards, see Annex E.
The significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during intended use are identified in Annex F. Clauses 4 to 7 of this document provide requirements and methods to reduce or eliminate these risks:
a)   exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue);
b)   elastic instability (column buckling).
NOTE 2   EN 13001-3-6 deals only with the limit state method in accordance with EN 13001-1.

Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-6: Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von Maschinenbauteilen - Hydraulikzylinder

Dieses Dokument ist gemeinsam mit den anderen allgemeinen Teilen der Normenreihe EN 13001, siehe Anhang E, anzuwenden sowie mit den einschlägigen EN-Produktnormen für Krane, die allgemeine Bedingungen, Anforderungen und Methoden festlegen, um so anhand der Konstruktion und des theoretischen Nachweises mechanische Gefährdungen der Hydraulikzylinder, die Teil der lasttragenden Struktur von Kranen sind, zu verhindern. Hydraulikleitungen, -schläuche und -anschlüsse von Zylindern fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieses Dokuments, genauso wie Zylinder, die aus anderen Werkstoffen als Kohlenstoffstahl bestehen.
ANMERKUNG 1   Besondere Anforderungen für spezielle Krantypen sind in den zutreffenden Europäischen Produktnormen angegeben; siehe Anhang E.
Die signifikanten Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse, die bei bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung zu Gefährdungen von Personen führen können, sind in Anhang F aufgeführt. Die Abschnitte 4 bis 7 dieses Dokuments enthalten Anforderungen und Verfahren zur Verringerung oder Beseitigung dieser Risiken:"
a)   Überschreiten der Festigkeitsgrenzwerte (Fließgrenze, Bruch- und Ermüdungsfestigkeit);
b)   elastische Instabilität (knickstabähnliches Verhalten).
!ANMERKUNG 2"   EN 13001-3-6 behandelt ausschließlich die Methode der Grenzzustände in Übereinstimmung mit EN 13001-1.

Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-6 : États limites et vérification d'aptitude des éléments de mécanismes - Vérins hydrauliques

Le présent document doit être utilisé conjointement avec les autres parties génériques de la série des EN 13001, voir Annexe E, ainsi qu'avec les normes européennes pertinentes de type produit, pour appareil de levage à charge suspendue. Dans ce cadre, ils spécifient les conditions générales, les prescriptions et les méthodes visant à prévenir les dangers mécaniques liés aux vérins hydrauliques qui font partie des structures transmettant des charges dans les appareils de levage, par la conception et la vérification théorique. Les tuyaux, flexibles et raccords hydrauliques utilisés avec les vérins, ainsi que les vérins fabriqués dans un autre matériau que l'acier au carbone n'entrent pas dans le domaine d'application du présent document.
NOTE 1   Des prescriptions spécifiques pour des types particuliers d’appareil de levage à charge suspendue sont données dans la Norme européenne « Produit » appropriée au type particulier d’appareil de levage à charge suspendue, voir Annexe E.
Les situations et les événements dangereux significatifs susceptibles d’entraîner des risques pour les personnes lors d’une utilisation normale et d’une mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisible sont identifiés à l’Annexe F. Les Articles 4 à 7 du présent document fournissent des prescriptions et des méthodes réduire ou éliminer ces risques :
a)   dépassement des limites de résistance (élasticité, rupture, fatigue) ;
b)   instabilité élastique (flambage de colonne).
NOTE 2    L'EN 13001-3-6 traite uniquement de la méthode des états limites selon l’EN 13001-1.

Žerjavi - Konstrukcija, splošno - 3-6. del: Mejna stanja in dokaz varnosti mehanizma - Hidravlični cilindri

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 15-Jun-2021
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Dec-2021
• ICS: 23.100.20 - Cylinders
• ICS: 53.020.20 - Cranes
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 147 - Cranes - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 147/WG 2 - Design - General
• Current Stage: 9092 - Decision on results of review/2YR ENQ - revise - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 11-Apr-2024
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 13001-3-6:2018+A1:2021 - Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders

Relations

• Merged From: EN 13001-3-6:2018/FprA1 - Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023
• Merged From: EN 13001-3-6:2018 - Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Revised: prEN 13001-3-6 - Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders
• Effective Date: 17-Apr-2024

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2021
Žerjavi - Konstrukcija, splošno - 3-6. del: Mejna stanja in dokaz varnosti
mehanizma - Hidravlični cilindri
Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery -
Hydraulic cylinders
Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-6: Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von
Maschinenbauteilen - Hydraulikzylinder
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-6 : États
limites et vérification d'aptitude des éléments de mécanismes - Vérins hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13001-3-6:2018+A1:2021
ICS:
23.100.20 Hidravlični valji Cylinders
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 13001-3-6:2018+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.100.20; 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 13001-3-6:2018
English Version
Cranes - General design - Part 3-6: Limit states and proof
of competence of machinery - Hydraulic cylinders
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-6:
générale - Partie 3-6 : États limites et vérification Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von
d'aptitude des éléments de mécanismes - Vérins Maschinenbauteilen - Hydraulikzylinder
hydrauliques
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 November 2017 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 May
2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13001-3-6:2018+A1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols an abbreviations . 7
3.3 Terminology . 10
4 General . 12
4.1 Documentation . 12
4.2 Materials for hydraulic cylinders . 13
4.2.1 General requirements . 13
4.2.2 Grades and qualities . 14
5 Proof of static strength . 14
5.1 General . 14
5.2 Limit design stresses . 16
5.2.1 General . 16
5.2.2 Limit design stress in structural members . 16
5.2.3 Limit design stresses in welded connections . 17
5.3 Linear stress analysis . 17
5.3.1 General . 17
5.3.2 Typical load cases and boundary conditions . 17
5.3.3 Cylinder tube . 19
5.3.4 Cylinder bottom . 20
5.3.5 Piston rod welds . 21
5.3.6 Cylinder head . 22
5.3.7 Cylinder tube and piston rod threads . 22
5.3.8 Thread undercuts and locking wire grooves . 22
5.3.9 Oil connector welds . 23
5.3.10 Connecting interfaces to crane structure . 23
5.4 Nonlinear stress analysis . 24
5.4.1 General . 24
5.4.2 Standard cylinder with end moments . 24
5.4.3 Support leg . 24
5.5 Execution of the proof . 25
5.5.1 Proof for load bearing components . 25
5.5.2 Proof for bolted connections . 25
5.5.3 Proof for welded connections . 26
6 Proof of fatigue strength . 26
6.1 !General . 26
6.2 Stress histories . 26
6.3 Execution of the proof . 28
6.4 Limit design stress range . 28
6.5 Details for consideration . 28
6.5.1 General . 28
6.5.2 Bottom weld. 29
6.5.3 Notch stress at oil connectors . 31
6.5.4 Cylinder head . 32
6.5.5 Piston rod . 34
6.5.6 Cylinder head bolts . 36
6.5.7 Cylinder head flange weld . 36
6.5.8 Mechanical interfaces . 39
7 Proof of elastic stability . 39
7.1 General . 39
7.2 Critical buckling load . 39
7.3 Limit compressive design force . 41
7.4 Execution of the proof . 42
Annex A (informative) Critical buckling load for common buckling cases . 43
A.1 General . 43
A.2 Buckling case A . 44
A.3 Buckling case B . 44
A.4 Buckling case C . 45
A.5 Buckling case D . 45
A.6 Buckling case E . 45
A.7 Buckling case F . 46
A.8 Buckling case G . 46
Annex B (informative) Second order analysis of two important cases . 47
B.1 Compressed cylinder with end moments and angular misalignment . 47
B.2 Compressed cylinder with lateral end force and angular misalignment . 48
B.3 Axial stresses for cases in B.1 and B.2 . 49
Annex C (informative) Shell section forces and moments for cylinder bottom . 50
Annex D (informative) Fatigue analysis of bottom weld for more complex cases . 53
Annex E (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 56
Annex F (informative) List of hazards .
...