EN ISO 4254-7:2009

Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters (ISO 4254-7:2008)

ISO 4254-7:2008, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer.
Taken together with ISO 4254-1, ISO 4254-7:2008 deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. It is not applicable to hazards arising from the presence of persons other than the operator, cleaning of the grain tank, and hazards related to vibrations and moving parts for power transmission, except for strength requirements for guards and barriers. In respect of braking and steering, it is applicable only to the ergonomic aspects (e.g. location of brake pedal and steering wheel); no other aspects related to braking and steering are covered. In the case of trailed harvesters, it is applicable only to hazards related to the working process.

Landmaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 7: Mähdrescher, Feldhäcksler und Baumwollerntemaschinen (ISO 4254-7:2008)

Dieser Teil von ISO 4254, der zusammen mit ISO 4254-1 anzuwenden ist, enthält sicherheitstechnische
Anforderungen und deren Überprüfung für die Gestaltung und Konstruktion von Mähdreschern, Feldhäckslern
und Bauwollerntemaschinen. Sie beschreibt Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung oder Verminderung von
Gefährdungen, die sich aus der bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung dieser Maschinen durch eine Person (die
Bedienungsperson) im Rahmen des normalen Betriebes und der Wartung ergeben. Zusätzlich legt sie fest,
welche Informationen über sicheres Arbeiten vom Hersteller zur Verfügung zu stellen sind.
Wenn Bestimmungen dieses Teils von ISO 4254 von den in ISO 4254-1 festgelegten Bestimmungen
abweichen, haben die Bestimmungen von diesem Teil von ISO 4254 Vorrang gegenüber den Bestimmungen
von ISO 4254-1 für Maschinen, die nach den Bestimmungen von diesem Teil von ISO 4254 konstruiert und
gebaut sind.
Dieser Teil von ISO 4254 zusammen mit ISO 4254-1 behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen (wie in
Tabelle 1 aufgeführt), Gefährdungssituationen und -ereignisse von Mähdreschern, Feldhäckslern und
Baumwollerntemaschinen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter den vom Hersteller vorgesehenen
Bedingungen verwendet werden (siehe Abschnitt 4). Er gilt nicht für Gefährdungen durch die Anwesenheit
von andren Personen als der Bedienungsperson, Reinigung des Korntank und Gefährdungen in Bezug auf
Schwingungen und bewegte Teile der Kraftübertragung, ausgenommen Festigkeitsanforderungen an
Schutzeinrichtungen und Abweisbügel. In Bezug auf Bremsen und Lenkung gilt sie nur für die ergonomischen
Aspekte (z. B. Anordnung von Bremspedal und Lenkrad); weitere Aspekte in Bezug auf Bremsen und
Lenkung sind nicht abgedeckt. Für gezogene Erntemaschinen gilt sie nur für Gefährdungen im Zusammenhang
mit dem Arbeitsverfahren.
ANMERKUNG Besondere Anforderungen in Bezug auf Straßenverkehrsvorschriften werden in diesem Teil von
ISO 4254 nicht berücksichtigt.

Matériel agricole - Sécurité - Partie 7: Moissonneuses-batteuses, récolteuses-hacheuses-chargeuses de fourrage et récolteuses de coton (ISO 4254-7:2008)

L'ISO 4254-7:2008, utilisée conjointement avec l'ISO 4254-1, spécifie les exigences de sécurité et les vérifications s'appliquant à la conception et à la construction des moissonneuses-batteuses, récolteuses‑hacheuses‑chargeuses de fourrage et récolteuses de coton. Elle décrit les méthodes pour l'élimination ou la réduction des phénomènes dangereux provenant de l'utilisation normale de ces machines par une personne (opérateur) durant leur fonctionnement normal et leur entretien. En outre, elle spécifie le type d'informations que le fabricant doit fournir sur les pratiques d'utilisation sûre.
L'ISO 4254-7:2008, ainsi que l'ISO 4254-1, traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux applicables, situations dangereuses et événements dangereux propres aux moissonneuses-batteuses, récolteuses-hacheuses-chargeuses de fourrage et récolteuses de coton, lorsque ces dernières sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions prévues par le fabricant. Elle n'est pas applicable aux dangers engendrés par la présence de personnes autres que l'opérateur et par le nettoyage de la trémie à grains, ni aux dangers associés aux vibrations et aux éléments mobiles de transmission de puissance, exception faite des exigences de résistance des protecteurs et des barres d'éloignement. En ce qui concerne le freinage et la direction, seuls les aspects ergonomiques (par exemple emplacement des pédales de frein et du volant) sont couverts par l'ISO 4254-7:2008, tous les autres aspects relatifs au freinage et à la direction n'étant pas traités. Dans le cas des récolteuses-hacheuses-chargeuses de fourrage tractées, seuls les aspects liés aux procédés de travail sont couverts.

Kmetijski stroji - Varnost - 7. del: Kombajni, kombajni za spravljanje silaže in bombažni kombajni (ISO 4254-7:2008)

Ta del ISO 4254, ki je namenjen uporabi skupaj z ISO 4254-1, opredeljuje varnostne zahteve in njihovo preverjanje pri načrtovanju in izdelavi kombajnov, kombajnov za spravljanje silaže in bombažnih kombajnov. Opisuje metode za odpravo ali zmanjševanje nevarnosti, ki izvirajo iz predvidene uporabe teh strojev, kadar jih uporablja ena oseba (upravljavec) pri normalnem obratovanju in servisiranju. Poleg tega opredeljuje vrsto informacij glede varnih delovnih praks, ki jih mora zagotoviti proizvajalec. Kadar se določbe tega dela ISO 4254 razlikujejo od določb, navedenih v ISO 4254-1, imajo določbe tega dela ISO 4254 prednost pred določbami ISO 4254-1 za stroje, ki so bili načrtovani in izdelani v skladu z določbami tega dela ISO 4254. Ta del ISO 4254, skupaj z ISO 4254-1, obravnava vse velike nevarnosti (kot so naštete v Tabeli 1), nevarne situacije in primere, ki se nanašajo na kombajne, kombajne za spravljanje silaže in bombažne kombajne, pri uporabi v skladu z namembnostjo in pod pogoji, ki jih je predvidel proizvajalec (glej Klavzulo 4). Ne uporablja se za nevarnosti, ki nastanejo zaradi prisotnosti drugih oseb, kot je upravljavec, čiščenja cisterne za žito in nevarnosti, povezane z vibracijami in gibljivimi deli za prenos električne energije, razen za zahteve glede trdnosti za varovala in pregrade. Kar se tiče zaviranja in krmiljenja, se uporablja samo za ergonomske vidike (npr. lokacija stopalke zavore in volana); ne zajema nobenih drugih vidikov zaviranja in krmiljenja. V primeru vlečenih kombajnov se uporablja samo za nevarnosti, povezane z delovnim procesom.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 29-Sep-2009
• Withdrawal Date: 13-Apr-2025
• ICS: 65.060.50 - Harvesting equipment
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 144 - Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 144/WG 2 - Tractors and self propelled machines
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 06-Dec-2017
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Mandate: M/BC/CEN/91/1 - Standardization request to CEN/CENELEC concerning machines presenting hazards due to mobility or load lifting
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 4254-7:2010 - Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters (ISO 4254-7:2008)

Relations

• Replaces: EN 632:1995 - Agricultural machinery - Combine harvesters and forage harvesters - Safety
• Effective Date: 03-Oct-2009
• Replaced By: EN ISO 4254-7:2017 - Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters, cotton harvesters and sugar cane harversters (ISO 4254-7:2017, Corrected version 2019-03)
• Effective Date: 13-Dec-2017
• Corrected By: EN ISO 4254-7:2009/AC:2010 - Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters (ISO 4254-7:2008)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2010
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 632:1996
Kmetijski stroji - Varnost - 7. del: Kombajni, kombajni za spravljanje silaže in
bombažni kombajni (ISO 4254-7:2008)
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters and
cotton harvesters (ISO 4254-7:2008)
Traktoren und land- und forstwirtschaftliche Maschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 7:
Mähdrescher, Feldhäcksler und Baumwollerntemaschinen (ISO 4254-7:2008)
Matériel agricole - Sécurité - Partie 7: Moissonneuses-batteuses, récolteuses-hacheuses
-chargeuses de fourrage et récolteuses de coton (ISO 4254-7:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4254-7:2009
ICS:
65.060.50 Oprema za spravilo pridelkov Harvesting equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 4254-7
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2009
ICS 65.060.50 Supersedes EN 632:1995
English Version
Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 7: Combine harvesters,
forage harvesters and cotton harvesters (ISO 4254-7:2008)
Matériel agricole - Sécurité - Partie 7: Moissonneuses- Traktoren und land- und forstwirtschaftliche Maschinen -
batteuses, récolteuses-hacheuses-chargeuses de fourrage Sicherheit - Teil 7: Mähdrescher, Feldhäcksler und
et récolteuses de coton (ISO 4254-7:2008) Baumwollerntemaschinen (ISO 4254-7:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 September 2009.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4254-7:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC .5

Foreword
The text of ISO 4254-7:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23 “Tractors and machinery
for agriculture and forestry”, Subcommittee SC 7, 'Equipment for harvesting and conservation' of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 4254-7:2009 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry” the secretariat of
which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2010.
This document supersedes EN 632:1995.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This document cancels and replaces EN 632:1995, which has been technically revised.
The following major changes were introduced:
 addition of the scope and of requirements for cotton harvesters
 deletion of the reference to EN 1553:1999 "Agricultural machinery - Agricultural self-propelled, mounted,
semi-mounted and trailed machines - Common safety requirements" and replacement with EN ISO 4254-
1:— "Agricultural machinery - Safety – Part 1: General requirements" (ISO 4254-1:2008);
 deletion of the requirements related to the guarding of moving parts for power transmission dealt with in
EN 15811:— "Agricultural machinery - Guards for moving parts of power transmission - Guard opening
with tool (ISO/TS 28923:2007 modified);
 addition of requirements applicable for all machines covered by the scope:
 for an instructional seat;
 for an automatic header disengagement control;
 for ventilation of cabins;
 related to hot surfaces;
 for automatic guidance systems;
 for greasing;
 related to risks of possible contact with overhead power lines;
 for drive reverser for header and feeding elements;
 addition of requirements applicable for combine harvesters:
 for clean grain and returns handling systems;
 for mid-mounted vertical axis choppers of maize picker head;
 for driven spreaders of straw choppers;
 for chaff spreaders and straw spreaders;
 addition of requirements applicable for forage harvesters:
 for an additional control of the reverser located outside the operator's work station;
 for cutterhead drive;
 related to the run down of the cutterhead and blower.
 addition of an Annex for colour coding of hand controls (Annex A);
 addition of an Annex for noise measurement (Annex B);
 addition of Annex ZA.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4254-7:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 4254-7:2009 without any modification.

Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the
New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
relevant Essential Requirements, except Essential Requirement(s) for all machines: 1.3.1 first paragraph,
1.3.7 first paragraph, 1.3.8.1, 1.4 with the exception of 1.4.1 first indent, all with regard to moving parts of
power transmission, 1.5.11, 1.6.1 (only for cleaning of the grain tank), 1.7.3 first paragraph, first, second and
sixth indent, 1.7.4.2 j), 1.7.4.2 t), 1.7.4.2 u), fourth paragraph, second sentence, and additionally for self-
propelled machines: 1.1.8 only for vibration, 1.5.9, 1.5.12, 3.3.3, 3.4.7 fifth, seventh and eight paragraph of
that Directive and associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within
the scope of this standard."
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4254-7
Second edition
2008-11-01
Agricultural machinery — Safety —
Part 7:
Combine harvesters, forage harvesters
and cotton harvesters
Matériel agricole — Sécurité —
Partie 7: Moissonneuses-batteuses, récolteuses-hacheuses-
chargeuses de fourrage et récolteuses de coton

Reference number
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 List of significant hazards . 4
5 Safety requirements and/or measures for all machines. 14
5.1 General. 14
5.2 Controls . 14
5.3 Operator’s work station. 15
5.4 Boarding means for other than operator’s work station . 22
5.5 Folding elements . 23
5.6 Interchangeable and detachable harvesting devices . 24
5.7 Automatic guidance systems . 24
5.8 Hot surfaces . 24
5.9 Service and maintenance. 24
5.10 Fire hazard. 25
5.11 Overhead power lines. 26
5.12 Header drive . 26
5.13 Header/feeding elements drive reverser .26
5.14 Noise . 26
5.15 Hydraulic components and fittings. 26
5.16 Electric equipment. 26
6 Additional requirements for combine harvesters . 27
6.1 General. 27
6.2 Cabin . 27
6.3 Cutting mechanism, feed augers, reel. 27
6.4 Grain tank and grain handling systems .27
6.5 Maize harvesting attachment. 29
6.6 Rear straw chopper, straw spreader and chaff spreader . 31
6.7 Stone trap . 33
6.8 Storage of sickle bars. 33
7 Additional requirements for forage harvesters . 34
7.1 Operator's work station. 34
7.2 Infeed mechanism. 34
7.3 Cutterhead drive . 35
7.4 Alarm for run-down of cutterhead and blower . 36
7.5 Knife sharpening device . 36
8 Additional requirements for cotton harvesters . 36
8.1 Harvest mechanism, feed augers, reel . 36
8.2 Basket (cotton stripper and cotton picker) .36
8.3 Operating fluids . 37
9 Verification of the safety requirements or protective measures . 38
10 Information for use . 40
10.1 Operator’s manual . 40
10.2 Marking . 42
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Annex A (normative) Identification of hand controls by colour coding . 43
Annex B (normative) Noise measurement . 44
Bibliography . 46

iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has
been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 4254-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and
forestry, Subcommittee SC 7, Equipment for harvesting and conservation.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4254-7:1995), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 4254 consists of the following parts, under the general title Agricultural machinery — Safety:
⎯ Part 1: General requirements
1)
⎯ Part 3: Tractors
⎯ Part 5: Power-driven soil working equipment
⎯ Part 6: Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors
⎯ Part 7: Combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters
⎯ Part 8: Solid fertilizer distributors
⎯ Part 9: Seed drills
⎯ Part 10: Rotary tedders and rakes
⎯ Part 11: Pick-up balers
⎯ Part 12: Rotary disc and drum mowers and flail mowers
Part 4, Forestry winches, was cancelled and replaced by ISO 19472, Machinery for forestry — Winches —
Dimensions, performance and safety.

1) Under the general title Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Technical means for ensuring safety. To
be cancelled and replaced by ISO 26322 (all parts), Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Safety.
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Introduction
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows.
a) Type-A standards (basic standards) give basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that
can be applied to machinery.
b) Type-B standards (generic safety standards) deal with one or more safety aspect(s) or one or more
type(s) of safeguards that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
⎯ type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise);
⎯ type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive
devices, guards);
c) Type-C standards (machinery safety standards) deal with detailed safety requirements for a particular
machine or group of machines.
This part of ISO 4254 is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100-1.
When provisions of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the provisions of this type-C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards
for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type-C standard.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this part of ISO 4254. These hazards are specific to combine harvesters, forage
harvesters and cotton harvesters.
Significant hazards that are common to all the agricultural machines (self-propelled ride-on, mounted, semi-
mounted and trailed) are dealt with in ISO 4254-1.

vi © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4254-7:2008(E)

Agricultural machinery — Safety —
Part 7:
Combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters
1 Scope
This part of ISO 4254, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and
their verification for the design and construction of combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton
harvesters. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use of
these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it
specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer.
When provisions of this part of ISO 4254 are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the
provisions of this part of ISO 4254 take precedence over the provisions of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have
been designed and built according the provisions of this part of ISO 4254.
This part of ISO 4254, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in
Table 1), hazardous situations and events relevant to combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton
harvesters, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see
Clause 4). It is not applicable to hazards arising from the presence of persons other than the operator,
cleaning of the grain tank, and hazards related to vibrations and moving parts for power transmission, except
for strength requirements for guards and barriers. In respect of braking and steering, it is applicable only to the
ergonomic aspects (e.g. location of brake pedal and steering wheel); no other aspects related to braking and
steering are covered. In the case of trailed harvesters, it is applicable only to hazards related to the working
process.
NOTE Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in this part of ISO 4254.
This part of ISO 4254 is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3600:1996, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Operator’s manuals — Content and presentation
ISO 3767-1, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1: Common symbols
ISO 3767-2, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery
ISO 3776-1:2006, Tractors and machinery for agriculture — Seat belts — Part 1: Anchorage location
requirements
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
ISO 3776-2:2007, Tractors and machinery for agriculture — Seat belts — Part 2: Anchorage strength
requirements
ISO 4253:1993, Agricultural tractors — Operator's seating accommodation — Dimensions
ISO 4254-1:2008, Agricultural machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 5131:1996, Acoustics — Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Measurement of noise at
the operator’s position — Survey method
ISO 5353:1995, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat
index point
ISO 5687:1999, Equipment for harvesting — Combine harvesters – Determination and designation of grain
tank capacity and unloading device performance
ISO 9533:1989, Earth-moving machinery — Machine-mounted forward and reverse audible warning alarm —
Sound test method
ISO 11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Safety signs and hazard pictorials – General principles
ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology
ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical
principles
ISO 15077:2008, Tractors and self-propelled machinery for agriculture — Operator controls — Actuating
forces, displacement, location and method of operation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100-1 and ISO 4254-1 and the
following apply.
3.1
instructional seat
integral or separate seat to allow a trainer or trainee to be seated
3.2
guidance system
automatic system to control machine steering during the harvesting operation
3.3
combine harvester
mobile grain-harvesting machine for cutting, stripping or picking up crops, threshing, separating, cleaning and
conveying grain into a grain tank and depositing harvest residue onto the ground
3.4
clean grain and returns handling systems
systems for conveying of clean grain and returns within the machine by augers and/or elevators to the grain
tank or threshing/re-threshing system
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
3.5
forage harvester
mobile agricultural machine used to harvest or gather the crop, cut the crop into short parallel lengths and
deliver the chopped crop into containers or separate vehicles
NOTE ISO 8909-1 gives detailed definitions of terms related to forage harvesters.
3.6
cotton harvester
mobile cotton seed harvesting machine for cleaning as required, handling and conveying seed cotton into a
basket and depositing harvest residue onto the ground
3.7
cotton harvesting unit
portion of cotton harvester comprising the mechanism for gathering and stripping or picking seed, cotton from
a cotton plant
3.8
compacting device
elements for compacting the harvested material on a mobile cotton harvester
3.9
basket
container used to receive, hold, compact and unload harvested cotton crop material
3.10
cleaner
device for separating trash from harvested cotton material on a mobile cotton harvester
3.11
header
portion of the combine/forage harvester or cotton harvester comprising the mechanism for gathering, cutting,
stripping or picking up the crop
3.12
operator’s work station
location on the machine that encompasses the driver's position
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
4 List of significant hazards
Table 1 gives the significant hazard(s), the significant hazardous situation(s) and event(s) covered by this part
of ISO 4254 that have been identified by risk assessment as being significant for this type of machine, and
which require specific action by the designer or manufacturer to eliminate or to reduce the risk.
Attention is drawn to the necessity to verify that the safety requirements specified in this part of ISO 4254
apply to each significant hazard presented by a given machine and to validate that the risk assessment is
complete.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards associated with combine harvesters, forage harvesters
and cotton harvesters
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
No. Hazard
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.1 Mechanical hazard
A.1.1 Crushing hazard Clearance to adjacent parts 4.4.3; 5.1.3.1; 5.1.3.3; 5.2.1.3; 5.2.2; 5.2.3; 5.3.3,
when actuating controls 5.1.8; 6.1 7.2.5
Movement of boarding means 4.5.1.1.2; 4.5.1.2.5; 5.3.5; 5.3.7.3; 5.4
4.5.2.3; 4.5
Design of platforms 4.5.2.2 5.3.7.2
Working tools 4.7 5.1.2
Service points, service and 4.8; 4.14.1 5.9.4
maintenance operations, use of
supports
Movement of folding elements 4.14.3; 4.14.5; 4.14.6 5.5
Shearing and pinching points at 5.1.4 5.3.4
the operator’s work station
Construction of jack-up points, 5.2 5.9.5
moving the machine, tie down
and jacking operations
Lack of stability 6.2 5.1.2
Mounting of machines 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 6.3 5.6
Cutting mechanism, feed 6.3
—
augers, reel
Grain tank augers and grain 6.4.1; 6.4.2; 6.4.3; 6.4.4;
—
handling systems 6.4.5.1; 6.4.6
Maize harvesting attachment — 6.5
Rear straw chopper, straw 6.6.2; 6.6.3; 6.6.4
—
spreader, chaff spreader
Emptying of stone trap — 6.7
Infeed mechanism — 7.2
Inspection points, Inspection of 8.1.2.1.2
—
drum and fingers
Basket lowering — 8.2.1
Compactor auger operation — 8.2.2

4 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.1.2 Shearing hazard Clearance to adjacent parts 4.4.3; 5.1.3.1; 5.1.3.3; 5.2.1.3; 5.2.2; 5.2.3; 5.3.3,
when actuating controls 5.1.8; 6.1 7.2.5
Movement of boarding means 4.5.1.1.2; 4.5.1.2.5; 5.3.5; 5.3.7.3; 5.4
4.5.2.3; 4.6
Design of platforms 4.5.2.2 5.3.7.2
Working tools 4.7 5.1.2
Service points, service and 4.8; 4.14.1 5.9.4
maintenance operations, use of
supports
Movement of folding elements 4.14.3; 4.14.5; 4.14.6 5.5
Shearing and pinching points at 5.1.4 5.3.4
the operator’s work station
Construction of jack-up points, 5.2 5.9.5
moving the machine, tie down
and jacking operations
Lack of stability 6.2 5.1.2
Mounting of machines 6.2.2; 6.2.3; 6.3 5.6
Cutting mechanism, feed — 6.3
augers, reel
Grain tank augers and grain — 6.4.1; 6.4.2; 6.4.3; 6.4.4;
handling systems 6.4.5.1; 6.4.6
Maize harvesting attachment — 6.5
Rear straw chopper, straw — 6.6.2; 6.6.3; 6.6.4
spreader, chaff spreader
Emptying of stone trap — 6.7
Infeed mechanism — 7.2
Operation of knife sharpening — 7.5.1, 7.5.2
device
Inspection points, inspection of — 8.1.2.1.2
drum and fingers
Basket lowering — 8.2.1
Compactor auger operation — 8.2.2
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.1.3 Cutting or severing
Working tools 4.7 5.1.2
hazard
Cutting mechanism, feed 6.3
—
augers, reel
Grain tank augers and grain 6.4.1; 6.4.2; 6.4.3; 6.4.4;
—
handling systems 6.4.5.1; 6.4.6
Maize harvesting attachment — 6.5
Rear straw chopper, straw 6.6.2; 6.6.3; 6.6.4
—
spreader, chaff spreader
Storage of sickle bars — 6.7
Infeed mechanism — 7.2
Operation of knife sharpening 7.5.1, 7.5.2
—
device
Inspection points, inspection of 8.1.2.1.2
—
drum and fingers
Basket lowering — 8.2.1
Compactor auger operation — 8.2.2
A.1.4 Entanglement Working tools 4.7 5.1.2
hazard
Starting/stopping the engine 5.1.8 5.2.3
with engaged drive(s)
Cutting mechanism, feed 6.3
—
augers, reel
Grain tank augers and grain 6.4.1; 6.4.2; 6.4.3; 6.4.4;
—
handling systems 6.4.5.1; 6.4.6
Maize harvesting attachment — 6.5
Infeed mechanism — 7.2
Inspection points, inspection of 8.1.2.1.2
—
drum and fingers
Basket lowering — 8.2.1
Compactor auger operation — 8.2.2
6 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.1.5 Drawing-in or
Working tools 4.7 5.1.2
trapping hazard
Starting/stopping the engine 5.1.8 5.2.3
with engaged drive(s)
Cutting mechanism, feed — 6.3
augers, reel
Grain tank augers and grain — 6.4.1; 6.4.2; 6.4.3; 6.4.4;
handling systems 6.4.5.1; 6.4.6
Maize harvesting attachment — 6.5
Infeed mechanism — 7.2
Inspection points, inspection of — 8.1.2.1.2
drum and fingers
Basket lowering — 8.2.1
Compactor auger operation — 8.2.2
A.1.6 Impact hazard Movement of boarding means 4.5.1.2.5 5.3.5
Movement of folding elements 4.14.5; 4.14.6 5.5
Design of steering system 5.1.3.2 5.1.2
Operator's seat, adjustment of — 5.3.1.4
suspension system
Movement of cabin doors — 5.3.12.2.1
Interchangeable and — 5.6.1
detachable harvesting devices
Maize picker head (covers) — 6.5.1.1
A.1.7 Stabbing or Working tools 4.7 5.1.2
puncture hazard
A.1.8 Friction or Actuation of controls 4.4.3; 5.1.3.2 5.2.1.3; 5.2.2; 5.2.3; 5.3.3,
abrasion hazard 7.2.5
Electrical equipment, location of 4.9.1 5.16.1
cables
Location of boarding means 4.5.1.1.2 5.3.5
A.1.9 High-pressure fluid Hydraulic components and 4.10; 6.5 5.15
injection or fittings (e.g. rupture)
ejection hazard
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.2 Electrical hazards
A.2.1 Contact of persons Non-insulated electrical 4.9; 5.3, 6.5 5.9.2; 5.13.2; 5.16
with live parts equipment
(direct contact)
A.2.2 Contact of persons Electrical equipment 4.9.1 5.13.2; 5.16
with parts which
have become live
under faulty
conditions (indirect
contact)
A.2.3 Approach to live Contact with overhead power 8.1.3, 8.2.1 5.11; 10.1.2; 10.2.3.2
parts under high lines
voltage
A.2.4 Thermal radiation Failure of electrical equipment 4.9.2 5.1.2
or other
Failure of battery 5.3.1 5.9.2
phenomena such
as the projection of
molten particles
and chemical
effects from short
circuits, overloads,
etc.
A.3 Thermal hazards
A.3.1 Burns, scalds and Hydraulic system, operating 4.12 5.9.3; 10.1.2
other injuries by fluids (e.g. fuel, hydraulic oil,
possible contact of engine coolant)
persons with
Cabin material (in case of fire) 5.1.6 5.10.3
objects or
materials with an
Hot surfaces (e.g. of engine 5.5 5.8; 10.1.2
extreme high or
and associated parts)
low temperature,
by flames or
explosions and
also by the
radiation of heat
sources
A.4 Hazards generated by noise
A.4.1 Hearing loss Working of the machine 4.2; 8.1.3 5.14
(deafness), other
physiological
disorders (e.g. loss
of balance, loss of
awareness),
accidents due to
interference with
speech
communication
and acoustic
warning signals
8 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.5 Hazards generated by materials and substances
A.5.1 Hazards resulting Contact with operating fluids 4.10; 4.12; 5.4; 8.1.3 5.9.3; 5.15; 10.1.2
from contact with (fuel tank, hydraulic systems,
or inhalation of engine cooling system)
harmful fluids,
Cabin material (in case of fire) 5.1.6 5.10.3
gases, mists,
fumes and dusts
Battery 5.3.1 5.9.2
Exhaust system 5.6 5.1.2
Ventilation system — 5.3.12.5
A.5.2 Fire or explosion Cabin material 5.1.6 5.10.3
hazard
A.6 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design
A.6.1 Unhealthy Location and design of controls 4.4; 8.1.3 5.2.1; 10.1.2; 10.2.2
postures or
Location and design of 4.5.1; 4.6; 8.1.3 5.3.5; 5.3.6; 5.4
excessive efforts
boarding means
Service and maintenance 4.14.2; 4.14.4 5.1.2
operations
Design of folding elements 4.14.5 5.5.3
Design of operator’s work 5.1.1; 5.1.2.1; 5.1.3 5.3.8; 5.3.12.4
station
Interchangeable and — 5.6
detachable harvesting devices
Location of greasing points — 5.9.6.1
A.6.2 Inadequate Location of controls 4.4 5.2.1; 5.3.3; 5.12.2; 5.13.3;
consideration of 6.4.5.2; 7.2.5; 8.1.2.1;
hand-arm or foot- 8.2.2.1
leg anatomy
Design of boarding means 4.5; 4.6 5.3.5; 5.3.6; 5.3.7; 5.3.8; 5.4
Design of operator’s work 5.1 5.3.1; 5.3.2; 5.3.4; 5.3.7;
station 5.3.8; 5.3.11; 5.3.12.2;
5.3.12.3; 5.3.12.4
A.6.3 Not using, wrong Missing or insufficient 8.1.3 10.1.4.2
or neglected use information about the use of
of personal personal protective equipment
protective in the operator’s manual
equipment
A.6.4 Missing or Operation of the machine, 5.1.7.3 5.3.11.1
insufficient local service and maintenance
lighting operations
A.6.5 Mental overload Multifunction controls 4.4 5.2
and under load,
Provisions for installing working 5.1.7 5.3.11.1
stress
lights
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.6.6 Human error,
Identification, design and 4.4 5.2
human behaviour
location of controls
Missing or insufficient 8.1 10.1.2
explanation of controls and
signs in the operator’s manual
Location and design of signs 8.2 10.2.2; 10.2.3
A.6.7 Inadequate Design, location and 4.4; 5.1.3; 6.1.3 5.2; 5.3.3; 5.12.2; 5.13.3;
design, location or identification of controls 6.4.5.2; 7.2.5; 8.1.2.1;
identification of 8.2.2.1
manual controls
A.7 Combination of Manual operation of individual 4.13 5.9.1
hazards assemblies
Missing or insufficient 8.1 10.1.2
information about manual
operation of individual
assemblies and, if required use
of special tools in the operator’s
manual
Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/overspeed
A.8
A.8.1 Failure/disorder of All control systems 4.8, 4.9 5.9.4, 5.13.2, 5.16
the control system
Hydraulic, pneumatic and 6.5 5.1.2
electrical connections
A.8.2 Restoration of All control systems 4.4; 6.1 5.1.2; 5.2; 5.3.9.1; 5.12.2;
energy supply 6.4.5.2; 7.2.5; 8.1.2.1;
after an 8.2.2.1
interruption
A.8.4 Other external Stability 6.2.1.1; 6.2.1.2 5.1.2
influences (gravity,
wind, etc.)
A.8.5 Errors made by Design and location of controls 4.4; 6.1.2 5.1.2; 5.2; 5.3.3; 5.12.2;
the operator (due 5.13.3; 6.4.5.2; 7.2.5;
to mismatch of 8.1.2.1; 8.2.2.1
machinery with
Design of boarding means 4.5, 4.6 5.3.5; 5.3.6; 5.3.8; 5.4
human
characteristics and
Design of operator’s work 5.1 5.3.1; 5.3.2; 5.3.4; 5.3.8;
abilities, see A.6.6
station 5.3.11; 5.3.12.4
of this table)
Operating system 5.2 5.9.5
Service and maintenance 4.14 5.1.2; 5.5.1; 5.5.2
systems
Mounting system of machines, 6.2; 6.3 5.1.2; 5.6
interchanging system of
harvesting devices
Cutterhead drive operation — 7.3
Design of knife sharpening — 7.5
device
Missing or insufficient 8.1.3 10.1
instructions in the operator’s
manual
10 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
A.9 Impossibility of All control systems 4.4; 5.1.8, 6.1 5.1.2; 5.2, 5.3.9
stopping the
machine in the
best possible
conditions
A.10 Variations in the PTO drive shaft 6.4 5.1.2
rotational speed
of tools
A.11 Failure of energy Power operated mechanical 4.8 5.9.4
supply supports, hydraulic locking
devices
All control systems 4.9; 4.10; 4.11; 4.12; 5.1.2; 5.2.3; 5.3.9; 5.7;
5.1.3; 5.1.8 5.12.2; 5.13; 5.15; 5.16.1;
6.4.5.2; 7.2.5; 8.2.2.1
A.12 Failure of the All control systems 4.9; 4.10; 4.11; 4.12; 5.1.2; 5.2.3; 5.3.9; 5.7;
control circuit 5.1.3; 5.1.8 5.12.2; 5.13; 5.15; 5.16.1;
6.4.5.2; 7.2.5; 8.2.2.1
A.13 Errors of fitting Mounting systems of machines, 6.2; 6.3 5.1.2; 5.6
interchanging systems of
harvesting devices
Missing or insufficient 8.1.3 10.1
instructions in the operator’s
manual
A.14 Break-up (of
Guards and barriers (strength) 4.7 5.1.2
parts) during
Supports (strength) 4.8 5.9.4
operation
Hydraulic components 4.9 5.15
Pneumatic components 4.11 5.1.2
A.15 Falling or ejected
Detachable supports not in 4.8 5.9.4
objects or fluids storage position
Rupture of hydraulic 4.10 5.15
components
Folding elements not retained 4.14.5 5.5.1
in transport position
Operation of chopper, spreader — 6.5.2; 6.6.1.2; 6.6.5
Operation of knife sharpening — 7.5.1
device
A.16 Overturning of Loss of stability of the machine 6.2 5.1.2, 6.1
the machine
A.17 Slip, trip and fall
Design of boarding means 4.5; 4.6 5.3.5; 5.4
of persons
Design of platforms 4.5.2 5.3.7; 6.2
(related to
machinery)
Design of locations for service 4.6.3 5.1.2
and maintenance
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to mobility
A.18 Relating to the travelling function
A.18.1 Movement when Activation of ground propulsion 5.1.3 5.2.1.3
starting the engine control system
ISO 4254-7:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazardous situation Clause/subclause of Clause/subclause of
a
Hazard
No.
and event ISO 4254-1:2008 this part of ISO 4254
Actuation of start/stop control 5.1.8 5.2.3
system of the engine
A.18.2 Movement without Activation of ground propulsion 5.1.3 5.2.1.3
a driver at the control system
driving position
Actuation of start/stop control 5.1.8 5.2.3
system of the engine
A.18.3 Movement without Folding elements securing 4.14.5 5.5.1
all parts in a safe system
position
A.18.4 Inability of Actuation of ground propulsion 5.1.3 5.2.1.3
machinery to be control system
slowed down,
stopped and
immobilized
A.19 Linked to the work position
A.19.1 Fall of persons Boarding means 4.5; 4.6 5.3.5; 5.3.6; 5.3.7; 5.3.8; 5.4
during access to
Platforms 4.5.2 5.3.7; 6.2
(or at/from) the
work position
Locations for servic
...