EN 792-7:2001+A1:2008

Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part 7: Grinders

This European Standard applies to hand-held non-electric power tools driven by rotary or linear motors, powered by compressed air or hydraulic fluid and intended to be used by one operator and supported by:
-   the operator's hand or hands;
-   a harness;
-   a suspension, e.g. a balancer.
This European Standard applies to hand-held non-electric power tools intended for grinding and cutting-off, with bonded, coated and super abrasive products for use on all kinds of materials.
This European Standard lists the significant hazards caused by such power tools and specifies safety requirements valid for different aspects of safety during their foreseeable lifetime.
This part of the standard covers power tools used with:
-   abrasive products with a peripheral operating speed less than or equal to 80 m/s;
-   cutting-off wheels with a peripheral  operating speed less than or equal to100 m/s;
-   abrasive products with outside nominal diameter less than or equal to 230 mm;
-   cutting-off wheels with outside nominal diameter less than or equal to 300 mm;
-   wire brushes.
This Part of the standard does not apply to:
-   die grinders with collets which are treated in EN 792-9;
-   polishers and sanders which are treated in EN 792-8;
-   cutting-off machines used for construction, rescue purposes which are driven by an internal combustion engine which are treated in EN 1454.
There are no grinders covered by this Part of this European Standard driven by internal combustion engines.
Typical abrasive products used together with hand-held grinders are listed in annex C.
Special requirements and modifications on a hand-held power tool for the purpose of mounting it in a fixture are not covered by this part.
NOTE   At the date of publication no grinders driven by internal combustion engines are known.

Handgehaltene nicht-elektrisch betriebene Maschinen - Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 7: Schleifmaschinen für Schleifkörper

Diese Europäische Norm gilt für handgehaltene nicht-elektrisch betriebene Maschinen, die durch Motore mit drehender oder linearer Bewegung angetrieben werden, wobei die Energie aus Druckluft oder über Hydaulik-flüssigkeit bezogen werden kann. Die Maschinen sind dazu bestimmt, durch eine Person verwendet und
-   mit einer oder beiden Händen gehalten,
-   in einer Einspannvorrichtung aufgenommen,
-   in einer Halterung, z. B. Aufhängevorrichtung, aufgenommen
zu werden.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für handgehaltene nicht-elektrisch betriebene Maschinen zum Schleifen und Trennen, mit gebundenen, beschichteten und Hochleistungs-Schleifkörpern für alle Materialarten.
Diese Europäische Norm listet die wesentlichen, von diesen Maschinen ausgehenden Gefährdungen auf und beschreibt die besonderen Sicherheitsanforderungen für die verschiedenen Sicherheitsaspekte während ihrer vorhersehbaren Lebensdauer.
Handgehaltene Maschinen, die in diesem Teil der Norm behandelt werden:
-   Schleifmaschinen für Schleifkörper mit Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 80 m/s oder weniger;
-   Trennscheiben mit Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 100 m/s oder weniger;
-   Schleifkörper mit äußeren Maßen von 230 mm Durchmesser oder weniger;
-   Trennscheiben mit äußeren Maßen von 300 mm Durchmesser oder weniger;
-   Maschinen mit Drahtbürsten.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für:
-   Schleifmaschinen für Schleifstifte, siehe EN 792-9;
-   Schleifmaschinen für Schleifblätter und Polierer, siehe EN 792-8;
-   Trennschleifmaschinen für das Bau- oder Rettungswesen, die durch einen Verbrennungsmotor angetrie-ben werden, siehe EN 1454.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Schleifmaschinen für Schleifkörper, die durch einen Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben werden.
Typische Schleifprodukte, die zusammen mit handgehaltenen Schleifmaschinen verwendet werden, sind in Anhang C aufgelistet.
(....)

Machines portatives à moteur non électrique - Prescriptions de sécurité - Partie 7: Meuleuses

Neelektrična ročna orodja - Varnostne zahteve - 7. del: Brusilniki

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2008
• Withdrawal Date: 14-Aug-2012
• ICS: 25.140.10 - Pneumatic tools
• ICS: 25.140.99 - Other hand-held tools
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 255 - Hand-held, non-electric power tools - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 255 - Hand-held, non-electric power tools - Safety
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 15-Aug-2012
• Completion Date: 15-Aug-2012
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 792-7:2002+A1:2008 - Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part 7: Grinders

Relations

• Merged From: EN 792-7:2001 - Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part 7: Grinders
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaced By: EN ISO 11148-7:2012 - Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part 7: Grinders (ISO 11148-7:2012)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2008
1HHOHNWULþQDURþQDRURGMD9DUQRVWQH]DKWHYHGHO%UXVLOQLNL
Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part 7: Grinders
Handgehaltene nicht-elektrisch betriebene Maschinen - Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil
7: Schleifmaschinen für Schleifkörper
Machines portatives à moteur non électrique - Prescriptions de sécurité - Partie 7:
Meuleuses
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 792-7:2001+A1:2008
ICS:
25.140.10 3QHYPDWLþQDRURGMD Pneumatic tools
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 792-7:2001+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2008
ICS 25.140.99; 25.140.10 Supersedes EN 792-7:2001
English Version
Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part
7: Grinders
Machines portatives à moteur non électrique - Prescriptions Handgehaltene nicht-elektrisch betriebene Maschinen -
de sécurité - Partie 7: Meuleuses Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 7: Schleifmaschinen für
Schleifkörper
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 November 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 23 July 2008.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 792-7:2001+A1:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .7
3.1 General terms and definitions.7
3.2 Terms and definitions related to grinders.7
4 List of significant hazards .9
5 Safety requirements and measures.10
Mechanical safety .10
5.1
5.2 Thermal safety.12
5.3 Noise .13
5.4 Vibration .13
5.5 Materials and substances processed, used or exhausted.14
5.6 Ergonomics .14
5.7 Safety related measures and means.15
6 Information for use .15
6.1 Marking, signs and written warnings.15
6.2 Instruction for use .16
7 Verification .20
7.1 Noise .20
7.2 Vibration .20
7.3 Test of deformation of flanges .20
7.4 Test of guards .21
7.5 Unintentional start .22
7.6 Structure of verification of safety requirements .23
Annex A (informative) Examples of grinders covered by this standard.24
Annex B (informative) Symbols for labels and signs .25
Annex C (informative) List of abrasive products for hand-held grinders.26
Annex D (normative) Design, material and thickness of guards .31
Annex E (informative) Example of calculating procedure of clamping force .36
Annex F (informative) Example of flanges.40
Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC".45
Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC".46
Bibliography .47

Foreword
This document (EN 792-7:2001+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 255 "Hand-
held non-electric power tools - Safety", the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by December 2009.
This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-07-23.
This document supersedes !EN 792-7:2001".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ".
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
!For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document."
The "European Committee of Manufacturers of Compressors, Vacuum Pumps and Pneumatic Tools",
PNEUROP, has given substantial contributions to this standard.
The standard has been created in close co-operation with CENELEC/TC 61F with the aim of achieving
requirements for mechanical safety in the EN 50144 series, which are similar for hand-held electric and non-
electric power tools.
NOTE Other technical committees in CEN dealing with hand-held power tools have been asked to follow the safety
requirements as in EN 792.
The annexes to this part of the standard are:
Annex A (informative) Examples of grinders covered by this standard
Annex B (informative) Symbols for labels and signs
Annex C (informative) List of abrasive products for hand-held grinders
Annex D (normative) Design, material and thickness of guards
Annex E (informative) Example of calculating procedure of clamping force
Annex F (informative) Example of flanges
!Annexes ZA and ZB" (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with EC Directives.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Introduction
This European standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of other standards, for machines that
have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
EN 792 consists of a number of independent parts for individual types of hand-held non-electric power tools.
Other European Standards deal with safety rules for hand-held power tools used in e.g. the following fields:
 agriculture and forestry such as chain saws, hedge-trimmers, brush cutters, grass trimmers;
 construction and building such as cutting-off power tools, concrete vibrators;
 food industry, such as fowl secateurs, sheep shears.
Endeavours have been made to achieve co-ordination with the relevant Technical Committees so that the
safety requirements are compatible.
This standard is divided in the following Parts:
Part 1: Assembly power tools for non-threaded mechanical fasteners (former Part 14)
Part 2: Cutting-off and crimping power tools (former Part 15)
Part 3: Drills and tappers
Part 4: Non rotary percussive power tools
Part 5: Rotary, percussive power drills
Part 6: Assembly power tools for threaded fasteners
Part 7: Grinders
Part 8: Sanders and polishers
Part 9: Die grinders
Part 10: Compression power tools
Part 11: Nibblers and shears
Part 12: Small circular, small oscillating and reciprocating saws
Part 13: Fastener driving tools
Certain Parts of EN 792 cover hand-held non-electric power tools, driven by internal combustion engines
powered by gaseous or liquid fuel. In these parts, the safety aspects relating to internal combustion engines
are found in a normative annex.
The Parts are type C standards and refer to pertinent European Standards of type A and B where such
standards are applicable.
1 Scope
This European Standard applies to hand-held non-electric power tools driven by rotary or linear motors,
powered by compressed air or hydraulic fluid and intended to be used by one operator and supported by:
 the operator's hand or hands;
 a harness;
 a suspension, e.g. a balancer.
This European Standard applies to hand-held non-electric power tools intended for grinding and cutting-off,
with bonded, coated and super abrasive products for use on all kinds of materials.
This European Standard lists the significant hazards caused by such power tools and specifies safety
requirements valid for different aspects of safety during their foreseeable lifetime.
This part of the standard covers power tools used with:
 abrasive products with a peripheral operating speed less than or equal to 80 m/s;
 cutting-off wheels with a peripheral operating speed less than or equal to100 m/s;
 abrasive products with outside nominal diameter less than or equal to 230 mm;
 cutting-off wheels with outside nominal diameter less than or equal to 300 mm;
 wire brushes.
This Part of the standard does not apply to:
 die grinders with collets which are treated in EN 792-9;
 polishers and sanders which are treated in EN 792-8;
 cutting-off machines used for construction, rescue purposes which are driven by an internal combustion
engine which are treated in EN 1454.
There are no grinders covered by this Part of this European Standard driven by internal combustion engines.
Typical abrasive products used together with hand-held grinders are listed in annex C.
Special requirements and modifications on a hand-held power tool for the purpose of mounting it in a fixture
are not covered by this part.
NOTE At the date of publication no grinders driven by internal combustion engines are known.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of the publications referred to
in this European Standard are valid only when they are incorporated in this standard by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to, applies (including
amendments).
EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology.
EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2: Technical
principles and specifications.
EN 563, Safety of machinery - Temperatures of touchable surfaces - Ergonomics data to establish
temperature limit values for hot surfaces.
CR 1030-1, Hand-arm vibrations - Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction – Part 1: Engineering methods
by design of machinery.
EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres – Explosion prevention and protection – Part 1: Basic concepts and
methodology.
EN 10111, Continuously hot-rolled low carbon sheet and strip for cold bending - Technical delivery conditions.
EN 10130, Cold rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming - Technical delivery conditions.
EN 12096, Mechanical vibration - Declaration and verification of vibration emission values.
EN 28662-1, Hand-held portable power tools - Measurement of vibration at the handle – Part 1: General
(ISO 8662–1:1998).
EN ISO 4871, Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment.
EN ISO 8662-4, Hand-held portable power tools - Measurement of vibration at the handle – Part 4: Grinders.
EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment –
Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995).
EN ISO 11688-2, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment –
Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO/TR 11688-2:1998).
EN ISO 14163, Acoustics - Guidelines for noise control by silencers (ISO 14163:1998).
!EN ISO 15744:2008, Hand-held non-electric power tools – Noise measurement code – Engineering
method (grade 2) (ISO 15744:2002)."
ISO 525, Bonded abrasive products - General requirements.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
hand-held power tool
machine driven by rotary or linear motors powered by compressed air, hydraulic fluid, gaseous or liquid fuel,
electricity or stored energy (e.g. by a spring) to do mechanical work and so designed that the motor and the
mechanism form an assembly that can easily be brought to its place of operation. The hand-held power tool is
operated by one or two hands
NOTE Hand-held power tools driven by compressed air or gas are called pneumatic tools. Hand-held power tools
driven by hydraulic liquid are called hydraulic tools.
3.1.2
rotary power tool
hand-held power tool the machine spindle of which rotates
3.1.3
inserted tool
tool inserted in the hand-held power tool to perform the intended work
3.1.4
service tool
tool intended for performing maintenance or service on the hand-held power tool
3.1.5
control device
device to start and stop the hand-held power tool or to change the direction of the rotation or to control the
functional characteristics such as speed and power
3.1.6
maximum operating pressure
maximum pressure that a hand-held power tool may be operated at, as specified by the manufacturer
3.2 Terms and definitions related to grinders
3.2.1
grinder
power tool driving a rotating spindle on which an abrasive product is mounted
NOTE A grinder equipped with a cutting off wheel is often called a cutting off machine.
3.2.2
machine spindle
shaft of the grinder which supports, locates and drives the abrasive product
3.2.3
rated speed, r/min
maximum rotational speed of the machine spindle, in revolutions per minute under operating conditions with
the abrasive product mounted and at the upper limit of the energy supply, e.g. pressure or flow, as specified
by the manufacturer
3.2.4
maximum operating speed
maximum peripheral speed of an abrasive product, given in m/s, as specified by the manufacturer of the
abrasive product
3.2.5
flange
disc, normally of metal, mounted on the machine spindle to support and clamp the abrasive product
3.2.6
flange set
means provided to clamp an unthreaded abrasive product, on the rotating machine spindle
3.2.7
backing flange
flange fixed to the machine spindle and having an unrecessed flat surface against which an abrasive product
is screwed, e.g. a cup wheel, a cone or a plug.
NOTE The terms backing, back flange or fixed flange are terms also used
3.2.8
flange contact diameter, d
f
outside diameter of the contact surface of a flange
3.2.9
guard
device which partly encloses the abrasive product
3.2.10
blotter
thin piece of a compressible material placed between the abrasive product and the flange of the grinder
3.2.11
tightening torque
torque for tightening the clamping device to fasten the abrasive product to the machine spindle
For other terms, see EN 1070 and also ISO 3857-3 and ISO 5391. For examples of grinders see annex A
4 List of significant hazards
The following significant hazards can occur in the use of grinders.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards
Significant hazard type Reference to safety requirement
By design or Information for
guarding use
4.1 Mechanical hazards
- cutting 5.1.1, 5.1.3
- drawing in or trapping (caused by hair, clothing etc. 5.1.6 6.2.2
getting entangled in a rotating power tool)
- friction or abrasion hazard 5.1.1
- loss of stability 5.1.2
- whipping hose  6.2.2
- ejection from high pressure hydraulic systems 5.1.4
- ejection of parts due to:
. cracked abrasive product 5.1.6 6.2.2
. incorrect mounting of the abrasive product 5.1.7, 5.1.8
. misuse of grinder 6.2.2
. overspeed of grinder 5.1.5
. use of incorrect flanges 5.1.9
. use of wrong abrasive product 6.2.2
- hose and hose coupling specifications   6.2.2
4.2 Electrical hazards 6.2.2
4.3 Thermal hazards 5.2
- explosions 6.2.2
- health damage due to hot or cold surfaces 5.2
4.4 Hazards caused by noise 5.3 6.2.2
4.5 Hazards generated by vibration 5.4 6.2.2
4.6 Hazards generated by materials and substances
processed, used or exhausted
- inhalation of harmful dust 5.5.2
- formation of explosive dust 6.2.2
- sparks 6.2.2
- exhaust air 5.5.1 6.2.2
- lubricants 5.5.3
- hydraulic fluid 6.2.2
4.7 Hazards caused by neglecting ergonomic principles
- repetitive strain injuries 5.6.1 6.2.2
- unsuitable postures 5.6.1, 5.6.2, 5.6.3,
- inadequate grip design and tool balance 5.6.1 6.2.2
- neglected use of personal protection equipment 5.6.1 6.2.2

4.8 Hazards caused by failure of energy supply
- unexpected return of energy supply after a breakdown 6.2.2
- incorrect hydraulic fluid flow and outlet pressure 6.2.2
4.9 Hazards caused by missing and/or incorrectly
positioned safety related means
- start and stop device 5.7.1
- unintentional start 5.7.2 6.2.2

5 Safety requirements and measures
5.1 Mechanical safety
5.1.1 Surfaces, edges and corners
Accessible parts of the power tool, except the insert tool, shall not have sharp edges or angles or rough or
abrasive surfaces, see 3.1 of EN 292-2:1991.
5.1.2 Supporting surface and stability
The power tool shall be so designed that it can be laid aside and remain in stable position on a plane surface.
5.1.3 Run-down time
The run-down time, after the stop command has been given, shall be as short as possible.
5.1.4 High pressure ejection
Hydraulic systems of the power tool shall be enclosed so as to give protection against high pressure fluid
ejection.
5.1.5 Speed control
The rated speed of the grinder shall not be exceeded under the conditions marked on the power tool. It shall
be possible to measure rotational speed by a tachometer.
At no load, the speed may exceed the rated speed by no more than 10 % at rated input values and with an
unworn wheel mounted.
The speed control device of a grinder shall be designed to prevent incorrect assembly. The speed control
device shall be manufactured of non-corrodable material.
5.1.6 Guards
Grinders shall be equipped with guards to protect against:
 accidental contact with the abrasive product;
 ejection of fragments of the abrasive product;
 sparks and debris.
Guards are not mandatory, but recommended, for cones and plugs with the diameter less than 50 mm and for
wire brushes
For internal grinding guards are not needed.
The guards shall fulfil the following requirements:
 be designed so that in case of an abrasive product burst the guard shall reduce the risk of injury to the
operator and remain attached to the grinder;
 be located so that the risk of accidental contact between the operator and the abrasive product during
intended use is minimized;
 the clearance between the inside of the guard and the periphery of a new abrasive product shall be:
max. 8 mm and min. 3 mm for nominal diameter ≤ 125 mm
max. 10 mm and min. 6 mm for nominal diameter > 125 mm
The design, material and thickness of guards is specified in annex D.
If the specification of design, material and thickness in annex D is not followed, the guard shall withstand the
test as specified in 7.4.
If other material than steel plate is used, it shall be equally suitable for all working conditions.
5.1.7 Attachment of abrasive product
The grinder shall be designed to prevent the abrasive product coming loose, for instance unscrewed by inertia
and spun off, after the stop comment has been given.
5.1.8 Spindles
Spindles shall be designed so that they locate the abrasive product. Machine spindles shall be made resistant
to impact.
The direction of the spindle threads shall be such that any clamping device, collet or wheel with threaded hole
shall tend to tighten during grinding.

Key
1 Machine spindle
2 Machine spindle with threads
Figure 1 — Maximum spindle run-out
For spindles, that locates a plain bore wheel, the diameter shall have the tolerance of concentricity of 0,05 mm
maximum total indicator reading to the true running centre of the spindle. See Figure 1.
For spindles with a threaded portion intended for locating abrasive products with threaded bores, the pitch
diameter of the thread shall have the tolerance of concentricity of effective diameter of 0,1 mm maximum total
indicator reading to the true axis of the spindle.
The diameter of the part, which locates the abrasive product shall have a tolerance of e8 or better.
For grinders intended to be used with threaded hole wheels, the manufacturer shall give information of the
spindle thread size on the grinder, preferably on the spindle.
5.1.9 Flanges
Flanges shall be designed that they clamp and locate each type of abrasive product securely to the grinder
and provide true running under operation.
Flanges shall be tested for deformation under load according to 7.3.
Annex E can serve as a base for the calculation of flanges and the tightening torque.
Annex F gives the principle design of flanges and will at the revision be completed with calculated dimensional
values.
Flanges in a set shall have the same contact diameter and shall have equal contact surface, except for
abrasive products of types 27, 28 and 42 which are allowed to use a backing flange with a diameter larger
than that of the clamping nut, see Figures F.7 a) and F.7 b).
For grinding wheel type 41 the flanges shall have the same external diameter and the backing flange may
have a larger contact surface than the outer flange. See Figure F.7 c).
Backing flanges (normally fixed) may have a larger contact surface than the outer flange if this arrangement
fulfils the requirement of absorbing the grinding forces (type S 6 and 11) See Figure F.3.
All flanges shall have a chamfer or recess around the centre hole to prevent pieces of the abrasive product
from splintering due to high edge pressure arising when clamping it. See Figure 2. Backing flanges to be used
with threaded bore abrasive products shall not be recessed, unless the abrasive product has a riveted anchor
plate. See Figures F.4 and F.5.

Key
1 chamfer or recess
Figure 2 — Example of chamfer or recess on a flange
At least one of the flanges shall be keyed, screwed, shrunk or otherwise secured to prevent rotation relative to
the machine spindle.
The contact surface of the flanges (both set of flanges and backing flanges) shall run true with a tolerance
giving a total indicator reading of max. 0,1 % of the diameter at the position of the indicator. The indicator shall
be positioned near the outside diameter.
The steel in the flanges shall have a minimum tensile strength of 430 N/mm . Other materials may be used, in
which case the flange shall be tested and fulfil the requirement of clause 7.3.
The part of the flanges which locates and guides the abrasive products with unthreaded holes shall have the
same tolerances as specified in 5.1.8.
5.2 Thermal safety
Parts of the grinder which are held during use or can be inadvertently touched shall follow the provisions of
EN 563.
Low temperatures shall be avoided by design.
NOTE The limit values for low temperatures are studied by CEN/TC 122.
Power tools for use in potentially explosive atmospheres should comply with EN 1127-1. However because
the suitability of a power tool for use in potentially explosive atmospheres will depend not only on the power
tool but the inserted tool and the workpiece, it is not possible to give any detailed advice in this standard.
5.3 Noise
5.3.1 General
The emission of noise from a hand-held power tool shall be kept as low as possible.
The noise emission from using hand-held power tools emanates from three main sources:
 the hand-held power tool itself:
 the inserted tool:
 the workpiece.
NOTE Generally, the manufacturer has no possibility of influencing the noise emitted by the processed workpiece.
5.3.2 Noise emitted by the hand-held power tool
The noise emitted by the hand-held power tool itself can be divided into:
 noise from the motor:
 noise from exhaust air at pneumatic tools:
 vibration induced noise.
The noise from the exhaust of air is one major contributor of noise from pneumatic driven hand-held power
tools. A silencer, conforming to EN ISO 14163, of good design will reduce this noise.
The principles contained in EN ISO 11688-1 and EN ISO 11688-2 should be followed to reduce the noise
emitted by the power tool.
NOTE The exhaust air can also be piped away in a hose away from the operator, however this method has
limitations in practice.
To control the radiation of structure borne noise, vibration isolation and additional damping close to the source
can be applied.
To control the air borne noise emission caused by the radiation of structure borne noise, vibration isolation
and additional damping close to the source can be applied.
The criterion for assessing the efficiency of noise reduction measures are the actual noise emission values
from the machine in relation to other machines of the same family and not the nature of the reduction
measures themselves.
5.4 Vibration
Vibration at the handle of a hand-held power tool shall be kept as low as possible.
The principles contained in CR 1030-1 should be followed to reduce the vibration emitted by the power tool.
5.5 Materials and substances processed, used or exhausted
5.5.1 Exhaust air
For grinders driven with compressed air the exhaust air shall be directed in such a way that it cannot cause a
hazard to the operator and so that any secondary effects are minimized, e.g. blowing the dust and reflected air
or gas from the workpiece onto the operator.
5.5.2 Dust
It shall be possible to connect to grinders a dust collecting device or to use a dust suppression device.
NOTE Because the risks arising from dust will depend on the materials being processed it is not possible to give
technical requirements for collection and disposal of the dust in this standard.
5.5.3 Lubricants
Lubricants for grinders, specified by the manufacturer, shall not cause hazards to the operator or the
environment.
5.6 Ergonomics
5.6.1 Design of the handle
Handles and other parts used for gripping the grinder shall be designed to ensure that the operator is able to
grip the grinder correctly and to perform the expected work. Handles shall suit the functional anatomy of the
hand and the dimensions of the hands of the operator population. See 3.6 of EN 292-2:1991 and EN 614-1.
Angle and vertical grinders shall have provision for mounting a second handle, when the power out put is over
0,5 kW.
Power tools having a mass greater than 2 kg (including the inserted tool) shall be capable of being supported
by two hands whilst being lifted or operated.
The strength of a removable handle and the nature of fixing it shall be appropriate to the intended principal
use.
5.6.2 Control device
The control device shall be adapted to the handle so that it can be held in the run position.
For grinders, which are intended to be started frequently or are intended to be used for precision work, the
trigger force shall be small.
For grinders which are normally used in operations of long duration the force to keep the start device in the
run position shall be small.
For further information on trigger forces for control devices, see EN 894-3.
5.6.3 Suspension device
Provision shall be made, where appropriate, to enable the attachment to the grinder of a suspension device.
The fitting of a suspension device shall not introduce an additional hazard.
5.7 Safety related measures and means
5.7.1 Start and stop device
Grinders shall be equipped with a single control device to start or stop them. It shall be arranged near the
handle so that the operator can activate it without releasing the grip on the handles.
The start and stop device shall be so designed that the inserted tool ceases to be powered when the start and
stop device is released. Without manual effort it shall, when released, move to the stop position, i.e. be of the
type "hold to run".
The start and stop device shall be in the stop position or immediately move to the stop position when the
grinder is connected to the energy supply.
It shall not be possible to lock the start and stop device in the running position.
5.7.2 Unintentional start
The start and stop device shall be so designed, positioned or guarded that the risk of unintentional start is
avoided.
Two separate and dissimilar actions to start the grinder are required for:
 angle grinders intended for wheels with a nominal diameter exceeding 125 mm;
 straight grinders intended for wheels with a nominal diameter exceeding 100 mm;
 vertical grinders intended for wheels with a nominal diameter exceeding 100 mm.
Verification shall be made according to 7.5.
6 Information for use
6.1 Marking, signs and written warnings
!Grinders shall be marked visibly, legibly and indelibly with the following minimum particulars:
 the business name and full address of the manufacturer and, where applicable, his authorized
representative;
 designation of the machinery;
 the CE Marking (see Annex III);
 designation of series or type;
 serial number, if any;
 the year of construction, that is the year in which the manufacturing process is completed."
The direction of rotation shall be permanently marked by an arrow.
Grinders shall be permanently marked with a graphical symbol, stating that the operator's instruction shall be
read before work starts, according to annex B.
Other graphical symbols that can be used are shown in annex B.
6.2 Instruction for use
6.2.1 General
The instructions for use shall be drawn up by the manufacturer and contain:
 operator's instruction;
 maintenance instructions.
The operator's instructions shall be drawn up according to 5.5.2, A.1.7.4 and A.2.2 of EN 292 2:1991.
Concerning residual risks see 5.5 of EN 292-1:1991.
6.2.2 Operator's instruction
a) General precautions
The operator's instruction shall include a description of the correct use of the grinder and make reference to
the appropriate inserted tools.
The operator's instruction shall state that any other use is forbidden.
Foreseeable misuse of the grinder, which experience has shown to occur, shall be warned against.
!The operator's instruction shall give information on airborne noise emissions:
 the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations, where this exceeds 70 dB (A); where this
level does not exceed 70 dB (A), this fact shall be indicated,
 the peak C-weighted instantaneous sound pressure value at workstations, where this value exceeds
63 Pa (130 dB in relation to 20 µPa);
 the A-weighted sound power level emitted by the machinery, where the A-weighted emission sound
pressure level at workstations exceeds 80 dB(A)."
!The operator's instruction shall give information on vibration total value in the handles, including
uncertainty of measurement."
The reference numbers of the applied standard for vibration measurements shall be given.
The operator's instruction shall recommend the use of ear protectors and eye protection.
The operator's instruction shall give the following general information:
 list of all accessories to be used with the grinder;
 safe storage of the grinder;
 the running on of the abrasive product after the start and stop device has been released.
The stopping time, if longer than 5 s, shall be stated, and it shall be recommended to put the grinder in a
stable position
 that only lubricants recommended by the manufacturer shall be used;
 that only hydraulic fluids according to the manufacturer's specification shall be used.
NOTE It is recommended to check with the manufacturer if non-flammable hydraulic fluids can be used.
Information shall be given for hydraulic grinders on:
 the design and dimensions of couplings;
 specification of hoses with regard to pressure and flow;
 maximum flow;
 maximum inlet pressure;
 maximum inlet temperature of the inlet fluid;
b) Potential hazards
Warning shall be given:
 against cutting and severing;
 against drawing in or trapping of long hair, loose clothing;
 against eye injuries;
 against the risk of a whipping compressed air hose.
c) Abrasive product
Information shall be given to:
 ensure safe clamping of the abrasive product to the power tool;
 check that maximum operating speed of the abrasive product converted to revolutions per minute is equal
to or greater than the rated speed of the spindle;
 ensure that the abrasive product dimensions are compatible with the grinder and that the abrasive
product fits the spindle;
 ensure that the thread type and size of the abrasive product exactly matches the thread type and size of
the spindle;
 store and handle the abrasive product with care in accordance with manufacturer's instructions;
 inspect the abrasive product before use, warn against the use of chipped, cracked or otherwise defective
products;
 use blotters when they are provided with the bonded abrasive product;
 ensure that the abrasive product is correctly mounted and tightened before use and to run the power tool
at no-load speed for 30 s in a safe position, to stop immediately if considerable vibration or other defects
are detected and to determine the cause of these defects;
 prevent the spindle end from touching the bottom of the hole of cups, cones or plugs with threaded holes,
intended to be mounted on machine spindles, by giving dimensions and other relevant data for them;
 not use separate reducing bushings or adapters for abrasive products with too large holes, if they are not
supplied by the manufacturers of abrasive products and when bushings are used make sure that the
flange is properly clamped.
d) Guards
Information shall be given to:
 ensure that the guard is in place, is in good condition and is correctly mounted and that it shall be
regularly inspected.
NOTE Internal grinding may not require a guard, providing the work piece encloses the abrasive product.
e) Correct function of grinder
Information shall be given to:
 check regularly that the speed of the grinder is not higher than that marked on it. These speed checks
shall be carried out without the abrasive product mounted and in accordance with the instructions given
by the manufacturer;
 check that all connections, such as for hoses are in good condition and are properly installed;
 check that the flanges as specified by the manufacturer are used and are in good condition e.g. free from
cracks and burrs and are plane;
 check that the spindle and spindle threads are not damaged or worn.
f) Correct working with the grinder
Information shall be given:
 that grinders shall not be used in potentially explosive atmospheres;
 to check that the work piece is properly supported or fixed;
 that when cutting-off, the workpiece shall be so supported that the slot is kept at constant or increasing
width during the whole operation;
 if the abrasive product get jammed in a cut slot, shut off the grinder and ease the wheel free. Check that
the wheel is still correctly secured and not damaged before continuing the operation;
 that a cutting-off wheel shall not be used for side grinding;
 to ensure that sparks and debris resulting from use do not create a hazard;
 to warn against that working in certain materials creates emission of dust and fumes. Reduction of risk to
operator's health is achieved e.g. by dust collectors and personal protective devices. See also EN 626;
 that working in certain materials creates emission of dust and fumes, causing a potentially explosive
environment;
 that the operator shall pay attention that no bystanders are in the vicinity;
 that personal protective equipment such as gloves, apron and helmet shall be used;
 to examine the abrasive product thoroughly before re-use, if the power tool, fitted with an abrasive
product, has been dropped;
 to disconnect the grinder from the energy supply before changing abrasive product and servicing;
 to release the start and stop device in the case of an interruption of the energy supply.
6.2.3 Maintenance instruction
The maintenance instruction shall contain:
 instruction to keep the grinder safe by regular maintenance;
 information on when the regular maintenance shall be carried out; for instance after a specified time of
operation, a specified number of cycles/operations, a stated number of times per year;
 instructions for disposal so as not to impose hazards to personnel and the environment;
 adequate instructions for the safe maintenance and repair of the grinder;
 a list of the service operations that the user should carry out;
 instructions for lubrication, if required;
 requirement of checking the speed after each service and maintenance without the abrasive product on
the spindle;
 warning that special care has to be taken when assembling the speed governor and any other protective
device;
 regular inspection of spindles, threads and clamping devices in respect of wear and tolerances for
location of abrasive products;
!
 the specifications of the spare parts to be used, when these affect the health and safety of operators."
For hydraulic grinders, the following particular instructions shall be given:
 hoses and safety valves shall be checked at a specified frequency;
 information on how the condition of the hose can be determined;
 on appropriate procedures for the dismantling of the power tool.
7 Verification
7.1 Noise
Compliance with the
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