EN ISO 11011:2015

Compressed air - Energy efficiency - Assessment (ISO 11011:2013)

ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for conducting and reporting the results of a compressed air system assessment that considers the entire system, from energy inputs to the work performed as the result of these inputs.
ISO 11011:2013 considers compressed air systems as three functional subsystems: supply which includes the conversion of primary energy resource to compressed air energy; transmission which includes movement of compressed air energy from where it is generated to where it is used; demand which includes the total of all compressed air consumers, including productive end-use applications and various forms of compressed air waste.
ISO 11011:2013 sets requirements for analysing the data from the assessment, reporting and documentation of assessment findings, and identification of an estimate of energy saving resulting from the assessment process.
ISO 11011:2013 identifies the roles and responsibilities of those involved in the assessment activity.

Druckluft - Energieeffizienz - Bewertung (ISO 11011:2013)

Air comprimé - Efficacité énergétique - Évaluation (ISO 11011:2013)

L'ISO 11011:2013 fixe les exigences pour obtenir et rapporter les résultats de l'évaluation d'un système d'air comprimé (appelée ci-après «évaluation») tenant compte de tout le système, des entrées d'énergie jusqu'au travail effectué en conséquence de ces entrées.
L'ISO 11011:2013 considère que les systèmes d'air comprimé sont constitués de trois sous-systèmes fonctionnels: une alimentation (offre) incluant la conversion de la ressource d'énergie primaire en énergie d'air comprimé; une transmission incluant le mouvement de l'énergie de l'air comprimé de son lieu de production jusqu'à son lieu d'utilisation; une demande incluant tous les utilisateurs d'air comprimé, y compris les applications d'utilisation finale de production et les diverses formes de consommations perdues d'air comprimé.
L'ISO 11011:2013 fixe des exigences concernant l'analyse des données issues de l'évaluation, le rapport et la documentation des résultats de l'évaluation, et l'identification d'une estimation d'économie d'énergie résultant du processus d'évaluation.
L'ISO 11011:2013 identifie les rôles et les responsabilités des personnes impliquées dans l'activité d'évaluation.

Stisnjeni zrak - Energijska učinkovitost - Ocenjevanje (ISO 11011:2013)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 24-Mar-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Sep-2015
• ICS: 23.140 - Compressors and pneumatic machines
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 232 - Compressors - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 232 - Compressors - Safety
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 25-Mar-2015
• Due Date: 09-Feb-2016
• Completion Date: 25-Mar-2015
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 11011:2015 - Compressed air - Energy efficiency - Assessment (ISO 11011:2013)

Overview

EN ISO 11011:2015 (ISO 11011:2013) specifies requirements for conducting and reporting an energy-efficiency assessment of compressed air systems. The standard treats a compressed air installation as three functional subsystems - supply, transmission, and demand - and requires a whole-system approach from primary energy input to the useful work performed. It defines roles and responsibilities for assessment teams and sets out how to analyse, document and report findings, including estimated energy savings.

Key topics and requirements

• Three-subsystem framework: assessment must consider the supply (energy conversion to compressed air), transmission (distribution and losses), and demand (end‑use and waste).
• Roles & responsibilities: identification of assessment team members, site management support, communications and access to equipment/data.
• Measurement parameters: guidance on determining and measuring flow, pressure, power, storage and other relevant parameters.
• Baseline data collection: plant background, function, inventory of end‑uses, heat recovery potential, and duration of data logging to establish baseline energy profiles.
• Data analysis: preparation of baseline and demand profiles, system volume and pressure profiling, detection of perceived high‑pressure demand, identification of compressed‑air waste and critical air demands.
• Optimization opportunities: evaluation of air treatment, compressor controls, storage and maintenance to identify energy‑saving measures and heat recovery options.
• Reporting and documentation: structured assessment report, confidentiality considerations, and provision of data for third‑party review; includes an estimate of potential energy savings.

Applications and who uses it

EN ISO 11011 is practical for organizations and professionals focused on reducing energy consumption and cost in compressed air systems:

• Energy auditors and consultants conducting compressed air energy assessments
• Facilities and plant engineers responsible for system reliability and efficiency
• Maintenance managers seeking to prioritize leak repair, control tuning and preventive maintenance
• Sustainability and energy managers targeting operational carbon and cost reductions
• Compressor OEMs and system integrators advising customers on system optimisation

Typical uses include establishing a baseline energy profile, identifying leak and waste sources, optimizing system pressure and control strategies, evaluating heat recovery, and estimating cost and energy savings from retrofit or operational changes.

Related standards and context

• Developed by ISO/TC 118 and adopted as a CEN European Standard (CEN/TC 232), EN ISO 11011 aligns with standards and guidance in the compressors and pneumatic equipment domain (ICS 23.140). Use EN ISO 11011 together with manufacturer guidance and local energy‑management frameworks for best results.

Keywords: compressed air, energy efficiency, compressed air assessment, ISO 11011, energy savings, compressed air systems, pressure profiling, flow measurement.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2015
6WLVQMHQL]UDN(QHUJLMVNDXþLQNRYLWRVW2FHQMHYDQMH,62
Compressed air - Energy efficiency - Assessment (ISO 11011:2013)
Druckluft - Energieeffizienz - Bewertung (ISO 11011:2013)
Air comprimé - Efficacité énergétique - Évaluation (ISO 11011:2013)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 11011:2015
ICS:
23.140 .RPSUHVRUMLLQSQHYPDWLþQL Compressors and pneumatic
VWURML machines
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 11011
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2015
ICS 23.140
English Version
Compressed air - Energy efficiency - Assessment (ISO
11011:2013)
Air comprimé - Efficacité énergétique - Évaluation (ISO Druckluft - Energieeffizienz - Bewertung (ISO 11011:2013)
11011:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 March 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 11011:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Foreword
The text of ISO 11011:2013 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118 “Compressors and
pneumatic tools, machines and equipment” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has
been taken over as EN ISO 11011:2015 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 232 “Compressors, vacuum pumps
and their systems” the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by September 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 11011:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 11011:2015 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11011
First edition
2013-09-15
Compressed air — Energy
efficiency — Assessment
Air comprimé — Efficacité énergétique — Évaluation
Reference number
ISO 11011:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
ISO 11011:2013(E)
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 11011:2013(E)
Contents  Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1  Scope . 1
2  Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General . 2
3.2 Flow . 3
3.3 Pressure . 4
3.4 Storage . 5
3.5 Volume . 5
4  Roles and responsibilities . 6
4.1 Identification of assessment team members . 6
4.2 Site management support . 7
4.3 Communications . 7
4.4 Access to equipment, resources, and information . 7
4.5 Assessment objectives and scope . 7
4.6 Identification of other assessment team members . 7
4.7 Objective check . 7
5  Assessment methodology. 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Systems engineering methods . 8
5.3 Systems engineering process . 8
5.4 System assessment process . 9
6  Parameters and their determination .10
6.1 General .10
6.2 Measurement .10
6.3 Pressure .10
6.4 Flow rate .11
6.5 Power .12
7  Initial data collection and evaluation .13
7.1 General .13
7.2 Plant background .13
7.3 Plant function .13
7.4 Compressed air system definition .13
7.5 Inventory of key end-use air demands .13
7.6 Heat recovery .13
7.7 Baseline period and duration of data logging .14
7.8 Energy use .14
7.9 Compressed air system supply efficiency .14
7.10 System volume .14
7.11 Pressure .15
7.12 Flowrate .15
7.13 Critical air demands .15
7.14 Compressed air waste .15
7.15 Air treatment .15
7.16 Compressor control .16
7.17 Storage .16
7.18 Maintenance .16
7.19 Ambient intake conditions .16
8  Analysis of data from assessment .16
8.1 General .16
ISO 11011:2013(E)
8.2 Baseline profiles .17
8.3 System volume .19
8.4 Pressure profile .19
8.5 Perceived high-pressure demand .21
8.6 Demand profile .22
8.7 Critical air demands .23
8.8 Compressed air waste .24
8.9 Optimized air treatment .25
8.10 Reduced system operating pressure .26
8.11 Balance of supply and demand .27
8.12 Maintenance opportunities .27
8.13 Heat recovery opportunities .28
9  Reporting and documentation of assessment findings .28
9.1 Assessment report .28
9.2 Confidentiality .29
9.3 Energy-saving opportunities .29
9.4 Data for third-party review .29
Annex A (informative) Introduction to energy assessment .30
Annex B (informative) Assessment activities — General .32
Annex C (informative) Assessment activities — Supply .37
Annex D (informative) Assessment activities — Transmission .43
Annex E (informative) Assessment activities — Demand .47
Annex F (informative) Competencies .50
Bibliography .51
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 11011:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines
and equipment, Subcommittee SC 6, Air compressors and compressed air systems.
ISO 11011:2013(E)
Introduction
1)
This International Standard has been developed with reference to available documentation (see
Bibliography) relating to energy assessment of compressed air systems.
This International Standard is produced to support the objectives of energy management for those
organisations utilizing compressed air and wishing to improve the energy efficiency of such systems.
Remembering the words of Lord Kelvin who said in 1883, “If you cannot measure it, you cannot
improve it”, this International Standard aims to assist with measurement and provide the knowledge
to enable improvement.
The prime consideration for any compressed air system is the ability to generate air with the least
amount of energy. Having done this, the next consideration is to transmit energy from the point of
generation to the point of use with the least loss. The final consideration is to eliminate waste and use
the least amount of air for the production process.
This International Standard uses speciality terms which relate the needs of assessment activities to
those of compressed air systems. Many terms will appear new to the users of this International Standard
who are familiar with general compressed air terms.
A general introduction to energy assessment is given in Annex A.
1) Extracts from ASME EA-4-2010 were used with permission from ASME. The core elements used are from Scope
and Introduction, Organizing the Assessment, Analysis of Data From the Assessment, Reporting and Documentation,
and Mandatory Appendices — I, Preliminary Data Collection Matrix.
vi © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11011:2013(E)
Compressed air — Energy efficiency — Assessment
WARNING — Users of this International Standard are advised that energy-related judgements
should not compromise safety issues.
1  Scope
This International Standard sets requirements for conducting and reporting the results of a compressed
air system assessment (hereafter referenced as an “assessment”) that considers the entire system, from
energy inputs to the work performed as the result of these inputs.
This International Standard considers compressed air systems as three functional subsystems:
— supply which includes the conversion of primary energy resource to compressed air energy;
— transmission which includes movement of compressed air energy from where it is generated to
where it is used;
— demand which includes the total of all compressed air consumers, including productive end-use
applications and various forms of compressed air waste.
This International Standard sets requirements for
— analysing the data from the assessment,
— reporting and documentation of assessment findings, and
— identification of an estimate of energy saving resulting from the assessment process.
This International Standard identifies the roles and responsibilities of those involved in the
assessment activity.
This International Standard provides indicative information in Annexes B, C, D, and E of the type of
data to be collected to assist in a successful assessment. The information provided is not exhaustive
and therefore is not intended to restrict the inclusion of other data. The form and presentation of the
information given in the annexes is also not intended to restrict the manner of presentation of the
reporting to the client.
2  Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1217, Displacement compressors — Acceptance tests
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
3  Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1217 and ISO 5598 and the
following apply.
ISO 11011:2013(E)
3.1  General
3.1.1
air treatment
any process provided for the purpose of separation and purification of the compressed air
3.1.2
artificial demand
excess air consumed by a system’s unregulated or poorly regulated uses due to operating at a pressure
in excess of actual requirements
3.1.3
assessment team
authority to fulfil roles and responsibility of the assessment having appropriate functions and knowledge
3.1.4
baseline
set of typical operating period, work conditions, and performance parameters revealed by assessment
and used for comparison of efficiency of measures recommended as a result of energy efficiency
assessment procedures
3.1.5
compressed air point of use
components using the pneumatic energy for physical or chemical actions
3.1.6
compressed air systems
group of subsystems comprising integrated sets of components, including air compressors, treatment
equipment, controls, piping, pneumatic tools, pneumatically powered machinery, and process
applications utilizing compressed air
3.1.7
compressed air system assessment
activity which considers all components and functions, from energy inputs (SUPPLY SIDE) to the work
performed (DEMAND SIDE) as the result of these inputs; undertaken to observe, measure, and document
energy reduction and performance improvement opportunities in a compressed air system
3.1.8
data logging
measurement of physical parameters while tabulating a periodic log (record) of their numerical value
using time-aligned data frames for the plurality of recorded parameters
Note 1 to entry: Two types of data logging are:
a) dynamics: data logging while creating a sufficiently high frequency periodic log (record) so as to investigate
the time-based variation of measured physical parameters
b) trending: data logging during an extended duration of time for the purpose of investigating regularities,
irregularities, or both in the measured physical parameters throughout time
3.1.9
demand
total of all compressed air consumers, including productive end-use applications and various forms of
compressed air waste
3.1.10
drawdown
circumstance observed in a compressed air system that is characterized by continual pressure decay
arising from a compressed air system event whereby air demand exceeds the capacity of supply
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 11011:2013(E)
3.1.11
operating period
group of typical time periods that share similar compressed air energy and compressed air demand profiles
Note 1 to entry: See 3.1.15.
3.1.12
spot check measurement
measurement of physical parameters creating a log (record) of their numerical value that is carried out
at random time intervals or limited to a few instances
3.1.13
supply
conversion of primary energy resource to compressed air energy
3.1.14
transmission
movement of compressed air energy from where it is generated to where it is used
3.1.15
typical operating period
time period that represents a period of typical plant operation
3.2  Flow
3.2.1
demand flow rate
total airflow rate of demand-side consumption
Note 1 to entry: Demand-side consumption includes productive consumers, inappropriate usage, artificial
demand, and demand-side waste. This takes into account supply flow plus or minus the compressed air supplied
to system demand from secondary storage as system pressure decreases. This can also account for the airflow
entering secondary storage as system pressure increases.
3.2.2
flow dynamic application
end use wherein the peak airflow rate and minimum pressure occur simultaneously
3.2.3
flow static application
end uses characterized when peak airflow rate and minimum pressure required do not occur
simultaneously
3.2.4
generation flow rate
airflow rate of compressed air generated by the air compressor(s) before any air treatment equipment
air use and supply-side waste
3.2.5
peak airflow
maximum value of the airflow during the daily or other periodic operating cycle
3.2.6
storage flow rate
airflow rate entering the storage volume as pressure increases or the airflow rate exiting the storage
volume as pressure decreases
Note 1 to entry: The airflow can be either entering or exiting the system or the primary or secondary storage.
ISO 11011:2013(E)
3.2.7
supply flow rate
net airflow rate leaving the supply side of the system
3.3  Pressure
3.3.1
compressor inlet pressure
pressure of the aspirated air at the standard inlet point of the compressor which varies with compressor
design and type
Note 1 to entry: The pressure is at the inlet flange for bare compressors or ambient air entry point into the package
for packaged compressors.
3.3.2
drawdown pressure
total pressure decay in compressed air system pressure that occurs during a particular drawdown event
3.3.3
pressure loss
reduction in compressed air pressure resulting from the interaction of airflow through the fixed
resistance associated with a component of the air system
Note 1 to entry: See 3.3.8.
3.3.4
pressure signature
pressure profile of a repeated event that is correlated with a specific end-use or production activity
3.3.5
minimum system pressure
lowest possible air pressure a system can reach before adversely affecting the process
3.3.6 Operating pressure
3.3.6.1
user operating pressure
prescribed air pressure at the inlet point of the particular compressed air user equipment according to
its specifications
3.3.6.2
system operating pressure
air pressure at the entry point into the network of the compressed air users
3.3.7
pressure gradient
rate of pressure change with respect to distance in the direction of maximum change
Note 1 to entry: In fluid mechanics, the change in pressure, P, along the length and distance, d, of a fluid conduit.
It is represented by ΔP/Δd.
Note 2 to entry: The air velocity in a pipeline depends on the magnitude of the gradient and resistance of the pipeline.
Note 3 to entry: Without gradient, there is no airflow. In a compressed air system, air moves from high-pressure
toward low-pressure areas.
3.3.8 Pressure profile
4 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 11011:2013(E)
3.3.8.1
cyclic pressure profile
timely function of the compressed air pressure variations in daily or other periodical operation cycles
at a particular point of the compressed air system caused by combination of different air consumption
cycles of several end users
3.3.8.2
distance pressure profile
function of pressure degradation along the compressed air transmission and distribution system at a
certain typical period of operation cycle caused by pressure loss in its components
Note 1 to entry: Components such as air treatment facilities, fittings, air transmission pipes, branch pressure
take-offs, etc.
3.3.9 Pressure differential
3.3.9.1
available pressure differential
compressed air pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of a component, which represents a
variable resistance to airflow
Note 1 to entry: The available compressed air energy represented by the upstream volume and greater pressure
that is available to the system.
Note 2 to entry: See 3.3.3.
3.3.9.2
storage pressure differential
difference between pressure in a storage volume and the desired target pressure of the connected
system or sector
3.3.10
target pressure
compressed air pressure that is desired to be consistently supplied to a compressed air system or sector
of a compressed air system at a specific point
EXAMPLE A specific point may include the main header downstream of supply, air treatment equipment,
upstream of a system control valve, downstream of a system control valve, etc.
Note 1 to entry: See 3.3.5.
3.4  Storage
3.4.1
primary storage
compressed air storage system that is located on the generation side (supply) of a compressed air system
3.4.2
secondary storage
auxiliary storage vessel installed close to the end-user equipment by heavy intermittent air consumption
and use of long and small transmission lines with the purpose of elimination of overloading the main air
transmission line and excessive pressure losses
3.5  Volume
3.5.1
effective volume
internal volume of a single storage component or sector of a compressed air system reflecting its
capability to store compressed air energy
ISO 11011:2013(E)
3.5.2
geometrical volume
mechanical volume
calculated by adding all of the geometric volumes in the system based on the observed sizes of those volumes
3.5.3
system volume
internal volume of the compressed air system reflecting its capability to store compressed air energy
and to suppress air pressure pulsations
4  Roles and responsibilities
4.1  Identification of assessment team members
The functions and knowledge required to accomplish an assessment are listed in 4.1.1. The assessment
team shall have members that have responsibility and authority to carry out these functions.
4.1.1  Required functions and personnel
4.1.1.1  Resource allocation
a) Determine availability of on-site, as well as other off-site participants.
b) Allocation of funding and resources necessary to plan and execute the assessment.
c) Exercise final decision-making authority on resources.
d) Oversee participation of outside personnel, including items such as contracts, scheduling,
confidentiality agreements, statement of work, and/or other items.
4.1.1.2  Coordination, logistics, and communications
a) Obtain necessary support from plant personnel and other individuals and organizations during
the assessment.
b) Participate in organizing the assessment team and coordinate access to relevant personnel, systems,
and equipment.
c) Organize and schedule assessment activities.
4.1.1.3  Compressed air systems knowledge
a) Have background, experience, and recognized abilities to perform the assessment activities, data
analysis, and report preparation.
b) Be familiar with operating and maintenance practices for compressed air systems.
c) Have experience applying the systems approach in assessments.
4.1.1.4  Competency
Assessment personnel shall have the knowledge and skills necessary to perform assessments. Those
personnel can also require formal documentation in order to meet some national requirements.
In the absence of national requirements, those leading the assessment shall provide evidence of familiarity
with and understanding of, compressed air technology basics through recognized qualifications, as well
as a relevant period of experience in assessment activities. See Annex F for further information.
Information on other assessment team members is identified in 4.6.
6 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 11011:2013(E)
4.2  Site management support
Site management support is essential for the successful outcome of the assessment. Site management
understanding and support of the purpose of the assessment shall be secured. The site personnel shall
be engaged in the assessment to the extent necessary. The support of site management shall be gained
prior to conducting the assessment as follows:
a) Commit the necessary funding, personnel, and resources to support the assessment.
b) Communicate to site personnel the assessment’s importance to the organization.
4.3  Communications
Lines of communication required for the assessment shall be established. Clear guidance shall be
provided to facilitate communications among members of the assessment team so all necessary
information and data can be communicated in a timely manner. This includes administrative data and
logistics information, as well as operational and maintenance data.
4.4  Access to equipment, resources, and information
For the performance of a complete and comprehensive assessment of a facility’s compressed air system,
it is necessary to physically inspect and make selected measurements on the system components.
Therefore, access shall be required to
a) plant areas and compressed air system components required to conduct the assessment,
b) plant personnel (engineering, operations, maintenance, etc.), their equipment vendors, contractors,
and others to collect information pertinent and useful to the assessment activities and analysis of
data used for the preparation of the report, and
c) other information sources such as drawings, manuals, test reports, historical utility bill information,
computer monitoring and control data, electrical equipment panels, and calibration records
necessary to conduct the assessment.
4.5  Assessment objectives and scope
The overall goals and scope of the assessment shall be discussed and agreed upon at an early stage by the
assessment team. The overall objectives of the assessment shall include identification of performance
improvement opportunities in the compressed air system being assessed using a systems approach. The
scope of the assessment shall define the area(s) of the facility to be assessed.
4.6  Identification of other assessment team members
The assessment considers the entire system from energy inputs to the work performed as a result of
those inputs. As a result of facility specialists interviews, certain manufacturing equipment or processes
that use compressed air may be identified for detailed study requiring the participation of individuals
with specialized knowledge related to these applications.
4.7  Objective check
Prior to conducting the assessment, the plan of action shall be reviewed to establish that it meets
the stated assessment objectives. The assessment plan of action shall be reviewed for relevance, cost
effectiveness, and capacity to produce the desired results.
ISO 11011:2013(E)
5  Assessment methodology
5.1  General
Assessments involve collecting and analysing system design, operation, energy inputs, energy use,
and performance data and identifying energy performance improvement opportunities for system
optimization. An assessment can also include additional information, such as recommendations for
improving resource utilization, reducing per unit production cost, reducing lifecycle costs, and improving
environmental performance related to the assessed system(s).
The methodologies to be applied in performing the assessment shall include one or more of the
following techniques:
a) observation and research;
b) spot-check measurements;
c) data logging, including dynamics and trend.
5.2  Systems engineering methods
This International Standard utilizes systems engineering methods applied to a compressed air system
assessment. It is necessary to:
a) Understand compressed air point of use as it supports critical plant production functions.
b) Correct existing poor performing applications and those that upset system operation.
c) Eliminate wasteful practices, leaks, artificial demand, and inappropriate use.
d) Create and maintain an energy balance between supply and demand.
e) Optimize compressed air energy storage and air compressor control.
Application of a systems approach to a compressed air system assessment directs the focus toward total
system performance rather than individual component efficiency.
NOTE Systems engineering focuses on defining client needs and required system functionality early in the
development cycle, documenting system requirements, and then proceeding with system design while considering
the entire system.
5.3  Systems engineering process
The systems engineering process is described in 10 steps:
a) Identify what needs to be accomplished.
b) Identify what needs to be evaluated.
c) Get organized, identify the assessment team, and get plant background information.
d) Define the present system.
e) State site-specific system assessment goals.
f) Design the system assessment (what, how, when).
g) Test the assessment’s design for relevance, completeness, and cost effectiveness.
h) Do the assessment and gather facts and data.
i) Analyse the facts and data to develop solutions and estimate cost and savings.
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ISO 11011:2013(E)
j) Report and document recommendations and findings.
NOTE 1 Compressed air systems engineering is an iterative process including requirements definition, the
assessment process, and evaluation of outcomes and results. It is a fluid process whereby outcomes and results
can achieve defined goals or can result in new or revised requirements definition.
NOTE 2 There are many compressed air system integration factors where decisions related to one component
or subsystem impact other components or subsystems. Concept alternatives should be proposed and analysed
before final conclusions are reached.
5.4  System assessment process
5.4.1  General
The assessment should document issues and concerns about compressed air use, critical production
functions, and poor compressed air system performance. The assessment should identify and quantify
energy waste, compressed air supply-and-demand balance, energy use, and total compressed air
demand. These generalizations should be used to guide the selection of objectives and action items for
preliminary data collection.
5.4.2  Relationships in the system assessment process
The relationships of those involved in the assessment and the assessment process are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Process for conducting an energy assessment of a compressed air system
ISO 11011:2013(E)
6  Parameters and their determination
6.1  General
Pressure, flow rate, and power are the key parameters required to provide essential details for the
determination of the energy balance in the compressed air system under review. In addition, each of
these parameters is affected by the installed control system.
6.2  Measurement
6.2.1  Units
The preferred measurement u
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