EN 791:1995+A1:2009

Drill rigs - Safety

1.1   The general term "Drill Rig" covers several differing types of machines for use in the construction industry, water well drilling industry, mining and quarrying, for use above ground as well as underground and for tunnel construction. The differing tasks determine the choice of drilling method and type of machine. For this reason there are many possible ways to separate drill rigs into different groups, e.g. in accordance with:
-   The task;
-   The drilling method used;
-   The cutting removal method;
-   The type of construction work.
The methods used for drilling can be basically differentiated in percussive and rotary drilling principles.
Percussive drilling is a method by which the hole is produced by crushing the ground or rock at the bottom of the drill-hole by striking it with the drilling tool and removing the cuttings out of the bore-hole.
Rotary drilling is a method in which the drilling tool at the bottom of the borehole is rotated and at the same time, a feed force is applied by a feed system or drill collar. The ground or rock at the bottom of the borehole is crushed or cut by pressure, shear or tensile stress produced by the different drilling tools. The cuttings are periodically or continuously removed out of the bore hole.
Rotary percussive drilling is performed by a piston striking directly on the bit (down the hole hammer drills) or by percussive energy transmitted via a drill string to the bit. The piston is powered by either hydraulic fluid or compressed air.
At the same time the drill bit is rotated either continuously or intermittently.
The cuttings are continuously removed out of the borehole by a flushing medium, air or fluid which is carried to the drilling tool.
Typical examples of drill rigs covered by this standard are:
-   Cable tool drill rig;
-   Pile drill rigs;
-   Pile top drill rig;
-   Raise borer;
-   Reverse circulation drill rig;
-   Rotary and percussive drill rig for underground drilling;
-   Rotary and percussive drill rig

Bohrgeräte - Sicherheit

1.1   Der allgemeine Begriff "Bohrgerät" umfasst mehrere unterschiedliche Typen von Geräten zum Gebrauch in der Bau  und Brunnenbohrindustrie, im Bergbau und im Steinbruch, im Über  als auch im Untertageeinsatz und im Tunnelbau.
Die verschiedenen Aufgaben bestimmen die Wahl des Bohrverfahrens und des Gerätetyps. Aus diesem Grund gibt es sehr viele Möglichkeiten, Bohrgeräte in verschiedene Gruppen zu unterteilen, z. B. entsprechend
-   der Aufgabe;
-   dem angewandten Bohrverfahren;
-   der Art der Bohrgutförderung;
-   der Art der Bauarbeit.
Die zum Bohren benutzten Verfahren können grundsätzlich in das Schlagbohr  und Drehbohrprinzip unterschieden werden.
Schlagbohren ist ein Verfahren, bei dem die Bohrung durch Zerstören des Bodens oder Fels an der Bohrlochsohle mittels Schlagwirkung des Bohrwerkzeuges und Entfernen des Bohrgutes aus dem Bohrloch hergestellt wird.
Drehbohren ist ein Verfahren, bei dem das Bohrwerkzeug an der Bohrlochsohle rotiert und zur gleichen Zeit eine Vorschubkraft durch ein Vorschubsystem oder durch den Einsatz einer Schwerstange erzeugt wird.
Der Boden oder der Fels an der Bohrlochsohle wird durch Druck , Scher  oder Zugspannungen zerstört, die durch die verschiedenen Bohrwerkzeuge erzeugt werden.
Drehschlagbohren erfolgt durch einen Kolben, der direkt auf die Bohrkrone schlägt (Imlochhammer), oder durch Übertragung der Schlagenergie über den Bohrstrang auf die Bohrkrone. Der Kolben wird durch hydraulische Flüssigkeit oder Druckluft angetrieben.
Zur gleichen Zeit rotiert die Bohrkrone entweder kontinuierlich oder intermittierend.
Das Bohrgut wird kontinuierlich aus dem Bohrloch durch ein Spülmedium, Luft oder Wasser, entfernt, das zur Bohrkrone geführt wird.
Typische Beispiele von Bohrgeräten, die durch diese Norm erfasst werden:
-   Seilschlagbohrgerät;
-   Pfahlbohrgerät;
-   Aufsatzbohranlage;
-   Raise borer;
-   Drehtischbohrgerät;
-   Untertage Sprenglochbohrgerät (Drehen und Drehschlagen);
-   Übertage Sprenglochbohrgerät (Drehen (...)

Appareils de forage - Sécurité

1.1   Le terme général «appareil de forage» englobe plusieurs types de machines différentes destinées aux industries de la construction, du forage des puits d'eau, des mines et des carrières et utilisées tant en surface que dans les chantiers souterrains ou de percement de tunnels. Les différentes tâches déterminent le choix des méthodes de forage et du type de machine. C'est la raison pour laquelle il existe de nombreuses possibilités de classement des appareils de forage en différents groupes en fonction de :
   la tâche ;
   la méthode de forage utilisée ;
   la méthode d'enlèvement des déblais ;
   le type de chantier de construction.
Les méthodes de forage peuvent être fondamentalement divisées en systèmes par percussion et en systèmes par rotation.
Le forage par percussion est une méthode selon laquelle le trou est foré en broyant la terre ou le roc au fond du trou de forage en le frappant à I'aide de I'outil de forage et en évacuant les déblais hors du forage.
Le forage par rotation est une méthode dans laquelle I'outil de forage au fond du forage est entraîné en rotation et auquel on applique simultanément une force d'avance par un dispositif d'avance ou des masses tiges.
Le sol ou la roche au fond du forage est broyé ou découpé par pression, cisaillement ou effort de traction produit par différents outils de forage. Les déblais sont évacués périodiquement ou en continu à I'extérieur du forage.
Le forage par roto-percussion est exécuté par un piston qui frappe directement I'outil de forage (forage au marteau fond de trou) ou en transmettant l'énergie de percussion au trépan par un train de tiges. Le piston est mû par une source d'énergie hydraulique ou pneumatique par air comprimé.
Simultanément, I'outil de forage est entraîné en rotation de manière continue ou intermittente.
Les déblais sont évacués en continu à l'extérieur du forage, en les chassant à I'aide d'un fluide ou d'air amené jusqu'à I'outil de forage.

Vrtalna oprema - Varnost

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 10-Feb-2009
• Withdrawal Date: 20-May-2014
• ICS: 91.220 - Construction equipment
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 151 - Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 151/WG 3 - Drilling equipment - Safety
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 21-May-2014
• Completion Date: 21-May-2014
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 791:2000+A1:2009 - Drill rigs - Safety

Relations

• Merged From: EN 791:1995/prA2 - Drill rigs - Safety
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023
• Merged From: EN 791:1995 - Drill rigs - Safety
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Replaced By: EN 16228-1:2014 - Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 1: Common requirements
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaced By: EN 16228-5:2014 - Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 5: Diaphragm walling equipment
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaced By: EN 16228-4:2014 - Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 4: Foundation equipment
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaced By: EN 16228-7:2014 - Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 7: Interchangeable auxiliary equipment
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaced By: EN 16228-3:2014 - Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 3: Horizontal directional drilling equipment (HDD)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaced By: EN 16228-6:2014 - Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 6: Jetting, grouting and injection equipment
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaced By: EN 16228-2:2014 - Drilling and foundation equipment - Safety - Part 2: Mobile drill rigs for civil and geotechnical engineering, quarrying and mining
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2009
Vrtalna oprema - Varnost
Drill rigs - Safety
Bohrgeräte - Sicherheit
Appareils de forage - Sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 791:1995+A1:2009
ICS:
25.080.40 Vrtalniki Drilling machines
91.220 Gradbena oprema Construction equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 791:1995+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2009
ICS 91.220 Supersedes EN 791:1995
English Version
Drill rigs - Safety
Appareils de forage - Sécurité Bohrgeräte - Sicherheit
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 July 1995 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 20 December 2008.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 791:1995+A1:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .5
Introduction .6
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .8
3 Definitions .9
4 List of hazards . 12
5 Safety requirements and measures . 13
5.1 General safety requirements . 13
5.1.1 Intended use of the drill rig . 13
5.1.2 Ergonomics . 13
5.1.3 Hot and cold surfaces and sharp edges . 13
5.1.4 Ventilating ports. 13
5.1.5 Hoses, pipes and fittings under pressure . 13
5.1.6 Materials . 13
5.1.7 Handling of the drill rig and its parts . 13
5.1.8 Access to operating positions and servicing points . 14
5.1.9 Isolation of energy sources . 14
5.2 Driving, tramming and operating position . 14
5.2.1 General . 14
5.2.2 Operator's position . 14
5.2.3 Underground drill rigs . 15
5.2.4 Visibility . 15
5.3 Controls, functions, systems . 15
5.3.1 General . 15
5.3.2 Starting . 15
5.3.3 Stopping . 16
5.3.4 Failure of the power supply . 16
5.3.5 Failure in a control circuit . 16
5.4 Control devices . 17
5.4.1 General . 17
5.4.2 Emergency stop and safety devices . 17
5.4.3 Verification . 18
5.5 Stability . 18
5.5.1 General stability criteria . 18
5.5.2 Definitions for stability calculations . 18
5.5.3 Verification of stability . 24
5.5.4 Ground pressure, calculation for crawler mounted drill rigs . 26
5.6 Carrier brakes . 28
5.6.1 General . 28
5.6.2 General requirements for wheel mounted drill rigs . 28
5.6.3 Service braking system for wheel mounted drill rigs . 28
5.6.4 Secondary braking system for wheel mounted drill rigs . 29
5.6.5 Parking braking system for wheel and crawler mounted drill rigs . 29
5.6.6 The service, secondary and parking braking systems on crawler mounted drill rigs . 29
5.6.7 Braking systems for "skid steer" wheel mounted drill rigs . 29
5.6.8 Verification . 29
5.7 Protection against moving parts . 30
5.7.1 General . 30
5.7.2 Transmission parts . 30
5.7.3 Moving parts involved in the working process . 30
5.8 Electrical installations . 31
5.8.1 Electric power installation . 31
5.8.2 Battery installation . 32
5.9 Hydraulic installations . 32
5.10 Pneumatic installations . 32
5.11 Lighting. 32
5.11.1 Working light . 32
5.11.2 Illumination when tramming . 33
5.12 Fire protection . 33
5.12.1 General . 33
5.12.2 Fire extinguishers . 33
5.12.3 Installation of fire extinguishers . 33
5.13 Noise and vibration . 34
5.13.1 General . 34
5.13.2 Noise . 34
5.13.3 Vibration . 34
5.14 Dust and gases . 34
5.14.1 Dust suppression . 34
5.14.2 Engines and engine exhausts . 34
5.15 Draw-works, winches and ropes . 35
5.15.1 General . 35
5.15.2 Safety requirements . 35
5.15.3 Winches for operating a drill rig on slopes . 36
5.16 Roller and leaf chains . 37
5.17 Masts, derricks, feed beams and working platforms . 37
5.17.1 General . 37
5.17.2 Racking and working platforms . 38
5.17.3 Personnel lift for operational work . 38
5.17.4 Movable platforms for service, maintenance and repair . 39
5.17.5 Access . 39
5.17.6 Escape systems . 39
5.18 Special requirements for remotely controlled and automated drill rigs
...