CEN/TR 13445-9:2007

Unfired pressure vessels - Part 9: Conformance of the EN 13445 series to ISO 16528

This edition is limited to vessels of steel construction, but will be amended later to include spheroidal graphite cast iron and aluminium.

Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 9: Gegenüberstellung der EN 13445-Normenreihe und ISO 16528

Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 9: Conformité de la série EN 13445 à I'ISO 16528

Le présent Rapport technique du CEN expose en détail la conformité de la série EN 13445 relative aux « Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme » à l’ISO 16528-1 « Chaudières et récipients sous pression — Partie 1 : Exigences de performance ».
Le domaine d’application de la présente édition se limite aux récipients en acier mais il sera amendé ultérieurement pour y incorporer la fonte à graphite sphéroïdal et l’aluminium.

Neogrevane tlačne posode - 9. del: Usklajenost serije EN 13445 z ISO 16528

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 17-Apr-2007
• Withdrawal Date: 28-Jun-2011
• ICS: 23.020.30 - Pressure vessels, gas cylinders
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 54 - Unfired pressure vessels
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 54 - Unfired pressure vessels
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 29-Jun-2011
• Completion Date: 29-Jun-2011
• Directive: 97/23/EC - Directive 97/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 May 1997 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning pressure equipment
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 13445-9:2007 - Unfired pressure vessels - Part 9: Conformance of the EN 13445 series to ISO 16528

Relations

• Replaced By: CEN/TR 13445-9:2011 - Unfired pressure vessels - Part 9: Conformance of the EN 13445 series to ISO 16528
• Effective Date: 21-Jan-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2007
1HRJUHYDQHWODþQHSRVRGHGHO8VNODMHQRVWVHULMH(1],62
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 9: Conformance of the EN 13445 series to ISO 16528
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 9: Gegenüberstellung der EN 13445-Normenreihe und
ISO 16528
Récipients sous pression non soumis a la flamme - Partie 9: Conformité de la série EN
13445 a I'ISO 16528
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 13445-9:2007
ICS:
23.020.30 7ODþQHSRVRGHSOLQVNH Pressure vessels, gas
MHNOHQNH cylinders
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 13445-9
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
April 2007
ICS 23.020.30
English Version
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 9: Conformance of the EN 13445
series to ISO 16528
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 9: Gegenüberstellung der
9: Conformité de la série EN 13445 à I'ISO 16528 EN 13445-Normenreihe und ISO 16528
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 1 April 2007. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 54.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 13445-9:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Failure mode summary .5
3 Detailed failure mode checklists.6
4 Detailed technical requirements checklist.36

Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 13445-9:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired
pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
1 Scope
This CEN Technical Report details the conformance of the EN 13445 series for "Unfired pressure vessels" to
ISO 16528-1 "Boilers and pressure vessels – Part 1: Performance Requirements".
This edition is limited to vessels of steel construction, but will be amended later to include spheroidal graphite
cast iron and aluminium.
Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
2 Failure mode summary
Table 1 — Failure mode summary
a
STANDARD : Unfired pressure vessels EN 13445:2002 Parts 1 to 5 and CR 13445-7
b
FAILURE MODE SUMMARY
Failure Modes according to ISO 16528 Part 1 clause 6.2 Addressed
c
(Y / N / P)
Brittle Fracture Y
Ductile rupture Y
Leakage at Joints Y
Elastic or Plastic Instability Y
Creep Rupture P
Additional Failure Modes according to ISO 16528 Part 1 clause 6.1 Addressed
c
(Y / N / P)
Crack formation or ductile tearing due to excessive local strains Y
Creep – excessive deformations at mechanical joints or resulting in P
unacceptable transfer of load
Creep instability P
Erosion, corrosion P
Environmentally assisted cracking e.g. stress corrosion cracking, P
hydrogen induced cracking, etc
Progressive plastic deformation Y
Alternating plasticity Y
Fatigue under elastic strains (medium and high cycle fatigue) or under Y
elastic-plastic strains (low cycle fatigue)
Environmentally assisted fatigue P
a
Provide full title of the standard and revision or addenda level
b
Failure modes addressed by this form (See ISO 16528 Part 1)
c
Y – failure mode addressed by standard
N – failure mode not addressed by standard
P – failure mode recognized but details not addressed.

Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
3 Detailed failure mode checklists
Table 2 — Detailed Failure Mode Checklists
STANDARD : Unfired pressure vessels EN 13445:2002
a
FAILURE MODE : Brittle fracture
d
EXPLICIT DESIGN
b
References :
EN 13445-2: Unfired pressure vessels – Part 2: Materials
Annex B "Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture"
Method 1 and Method 2
c
Comments :
Method 1: Technical requirements developed from operating experience and applicable
to all metallic materials, but limited to certain thicknesses for which experience exists
(see Table B.1-1).
Method 2: Technical requirements developed from the principle of fracture mechanics
and from operating experience but only applicable to C, CMn and low alloy ferritic
steels with a specified minimum yield strength ≤≤ 460 N/mm². It can be applied to a
≤≤
wider range of thicknesses than method 1 and is less restrictive than method 1 for
thinner materials (see Figures B.4-1 to B.4-5).
IMPLICIT DESIGN
References:
EN 13445-2: Unfired pressure vessels – Part 2: Materials
Annex B "Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture"
Method 3.
Comments:
Method 3 is the application of a fracture mechanics analysis.
e
FABRICATION DETAILS
References:
Design requirements for construction details are given in:
EN 13445-3: Unfired pressure vessels – Part 3: Design
and in Annex A "Design requirements for pressure bearing welds" of this Part.

Manufacturing tolerances are given in:
EN 13445-4: Unfired pressure vessels – Part 4: Fabrication
Clause 5: "Manufacturing tolerances"
Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
Comments:
Reference thickness is given in:
EN 13445-2: Unfired pressure vessels – Part 2: Materials
Annex B "Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture"
Table B.4-1: "Reference thickness"

f
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
References:
EN 13445-2: Unfired pressure vessels – Part 2: Materials
Clause 4.1.6: Specified minimum impact energy measured on a Charpy-V-notch
specimen at a test temperature in accordance with Annex B.
EN 13445-4: Unfired pressure vessels – Part 4: Fabrication
Clause 8: "Manufacture and testing of welds – Production test"
Testing of coupon plates with the same required impact energy as above.
Comments:
Impact requirements are also specified for sub-sized Charpy-V-notch specimen if the
base material is less than 10 mm thick.
g
EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS
References:
EN 13445-5 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 5 : Inspection and testing
Clause 6: "Inspection and testing during fabrication", 6.6 Non-destructive testing of
welded joints".
Comments:
There are four testing (examination) groups: 1 (full NDE), 2 (full NDE and reduction with
successful experience, fully mechanised and/or automatic welding process), 3 (spot
testing), 4 (visual examination and higher test pressure ).
Acceptance criteria are based on EN ISO 5817:2003, level C.
h
TESTING REQUIREMENTS
References:
EN 13445-3 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 5 : Inspection and testing
Clause 10: "Final assessment", 10.2.3 "Proof test".
Comments:
Higher pressure test for vessels with visual NDE only.
i
USE / FAILURE HISTORY
Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
References:
Comments:
a Failure mode addressed by this form (See Table 1).
b Provide specific clause or paragraph references (including the title, if any) indicating where relevant rules can be found. These
references need not be exhaustive, but should be detailed enough to establish that the standard adequately addresses the selected
failure mode.
C Provide explanatory comments indicating the background for the approach employed or other material that might be useful. For
example, brief description of failure theor(ies) used should be provided. References to academic papers and empirical testing
methods used to establish rules are encouraged.
D Reference(s) to rules or requirements that directly affect how the standard addresses the selected failure mode, e.g. formulas for
sizing wall thickness of components for resisting ductile burst.
D This section may be used to provide references and comments when design tables, empirically based rules or other approaches
are employed whose derivation is not obvious. It may also be used to provide general information on design margins (safety factors)
on material properties, etc. Many successful standards do not provide explicit design rules for certain failure modes yet do employ
combinations of material control, temperature limits or other means to provide adequate protection against failure. This section may
be used to provide information on how his standard indirectly addresses certain failure modes when explicit rules are not provided.
E References for fabrication details relevant to the selected failure mode, e.g. control of cylinder ovality, weld profiling, control of
tolerances, etc. For example, control of cylinder ovality is important for prevention of buckling of externally loaded vessels. This
section should be used to describe such fabrication controls relevant for the designated failure mode.
F Relevant requirements for base and welding materials, e.g. control of YS/UTS ratios, provisions for addressing strain hardening,
applications of heat treatment, etc. Assuring that fabrication processes have not adversely affected material properties beyond
acceptable limits can be important for preventing certain types of failures. This section should be used to describe such controls.
G References for NDT or visual inspection relevant to the selected failure mode. (If NDT is correlated to design factors, this should
be noted).
h Provisions for final testing, i.e. hydrostatic or leak tests should be noted with specific information on normal test pressures and
control of test lower and upper test pressures.
I An explanation shall be provided defining the limitations in the standard’s scope or application relative to Part 1 Clause 6.2
failure mode(s) not addressed. References to data quantifying failure rates and other relevant experience may be provided. Likely
sources include regulatory authorities, trade associations and insurers.

Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
STANDARD : Unfired pressure vessels EN 13445:2002
a
FAILURE MODE : Ductile rupture
d
EXPLICIT DESIGN
b
References :
EN 13445-3 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 3 : Design
Clause 6: "Maximum allowed values of the nominal design stress for pressure parts"
c
Comments :
d
IMPLICIT DESIGN
References:
EN 13445-3 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 3 : Design
Annex B "Design by Analysis – Direct Route", Clause B.8.2: "Gross Plastic
Deformation"
Annex C "Design by Analysis – Method based on stress categories"
Comments:
In Annex B, elastic-plastic analysis is used. For ferritic steels, this analysis allows the
use of a reduced safety factor versus the tensile strength at 20 °C.
e
FABRICATION DETAILS
References:
EN 13445-3 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 4 : Fabrication
Clause 5: "Manufacturing tolerances"
Comments:
f
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
References:
EN 13445-2 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 2: Materials
Clause 4: "Requirements for materials to be used for pressure-bearing parts"
Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
Comments:
Requirements on ductility.
g
EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS
References:
EN 13445-5 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 5 : Inspection and testing
Clause 6: "Inspection and testing during fabrication", 6.6 "Non-destructive testing of
welded joints"
Comments:
Acceptance criteria are based on EN ISO 5817: 2003, level C.
h
TESTING REQUIREMENTS
References:
EN 13445-5 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 5: Inspection and testing
Clause 10 "Final assessment", 10.2.3 "Proof test", 10.2.3.3 "Standard pressure test",
10.2.3.9 "Acceptance criteria"
Comments:
During the proof test the vessel shall show no signs of general plastic yielding.
i
USE / FAILURE HISTORY
References:
Comments:
Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
STANDARD : Unfired pressure vessels EN 13445:2002
a
FAILURE MODE : Leakage at joints
d
EXPLICIT DESIGN
b
References :
EN 13445-3 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 3 : Design
Clause 11: "Flanges"
c
Comments :
Requirements for circular bolted flanged connections. The requirements are based on
the Taylor Forge rules.
Suggested values of the gasket factors are given in Annex H: "Gasket factors m and
y".
d
IMPLICIT DESIGN
References:
EN 13445-3 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 3 : Design
Annex G "Alternative design rules for flanges and gasketed flange connections"
Comments:
The purpose of these rules is to ensure structural integrity and leaktightness. They are
most appropriate when a) thermal cycling is important b) bolt stress is controlled by
the use of a defined tightening procedure c) there are significant additional loadings
(forces or moments) d) leaktightness is a special importance (requirement of a
specified leaktightness). Gasket factor values are provided for use with this annex.
e
FABRICATION DETAILS
References:
EN 13445-4 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 4 : Fabrication
Clause 5: "Manufacture tolerances"
Comments:
Issue 1 ( 2007-04)
f
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
References:
EN 13445-2 Unfired pressure vessels – Part 2 : Materials
Clause 4: "Requirements for materials to be
...