ENV 1187:2002

Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs

This European Standard specifies three methods for determining the performance of roofs to external fire exposure. The three methods assess the performance of roofs under the following conditions:
test 1 - with burning brands
test 2 - with burning brands and wind
test 3 - with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat.
The tests assess the fire spread across the external surface of the roof, the fire spread within the roof, the fire penetration (tests 1 and 3) and the production of flaming droplets or debris falling from the underside of the roof or from the exposed surface (tests 1 and 3).
Tests 2 and 3 are not applicable to geometrically irregular roofs or roof mounted appliances e.g. ventilators and roof lights.
NOTE   The three tests listed above do not imply any ranking order. Each test stands on its own without the possibility to substitute or exchange one for another.

Prüfverfahren zur Beanspruchung von Bedachungen durch Feuer von außen

Diese Europäische Vornorm beschreibt drei Prüfverfahren, um das Brandverhalten von Bedachungen gegen Feuerbeanspruchung von außen zu ermitteln. Die drei Verfahren beurteilen das Brandverhalten von Bedachungen unter den folgenden Beanspruchungen:
¾ Prüfverfahren 1: Mit Beanspruchung durch Brandsätze
¾ Prüfverfahren 2: Mit Beanspruchung durch Brandsätze und Wind
¾ Prüfverfahren 3: Mit Beanspruchung durch Brandsätze, Wind und zusätzliche Strahlungswärme.
Die Prüfverfahren beurteilen die Brandausbreitung auf der Dachoberfläche, die Brandausbreitung innerhalb des Dachaufbaus, die Durchdringung des Daches durch Feuer (Prüfverfahren 1 und 3) und das Auftreten von brennendem Abtropfen oder brennenden Teilen entweder von der Dachunterseite fallend oder von der beanspruchten Dachoberfläche (Prüfverfahren 1 und 3).
Prüfverfahren 2 und 3 sind nicht zur Beurteilung von geometrisch unregelmäßigen Dächern oder auf Dächern befestigten Anlagen wie Abzüge und Lichtkuppeln geeignet.
ANMERKUNG  Die drei oben angeführten Prüfverfahren geben keine Rangfolge an. Jedes Prüfverfahren ist eigenständig, ohne ein anderes zu ersetzen oder auszutauschen.

Méthodes d'essai pour l'exposition des toitures à un feu extérieur

La présente Prénorme européenne spécifie trois méthodes permettant de déterminer les performances des toitures exposées à un feu extérieur. Les trois méthodes d'essai évaluent les performances des toitures dans les conditions suivantes :
essai 1 - avec brandons enflammés ;
essai 2 - avec brandons enflammés et vent ;
essai 3 - avec brandons enflammés, vent et chaleur rayonnante supplémentaire.
Les essais évaluent la propagation du feu sur la surface extérieure de la toiture, la propagation du feu à l'intérieur de la toiture, la pénétration du feu (essais 1 et 3) et la production de flammèches ou de débris enflammés tombant de la face inférieure de la toiture ou de la surface exposée de la toiture (essais 1 et 3).
Les essais 2 et 3 ne sont pas applicables aux toitures à géométrie irrégulière ou aux accessoires montés sur la toiture (par exemple : ouvrants de ventilation et lanterneaux d'éclairage).
NOTE   Les trois essais énumérés ci-dessus n'impliquent aucun ordre de classement hiérarchique. Chaque essai existe à part entière, sans aucune possibilité de remplacement ou d'échange réciproque.

Preskusne metode za izpostavljenost streh požaru z zunanje strani

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 07-May-2002
• Withdrawal Date: 10-Jan-2012
• ICS: 13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 127 - Fire safety in buildings
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 127 - Fire safety in buildings
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 11-Jan-2012
• Completion Date: 11-Jan-2012
• Ref Project: SIST ENV 1187:2003 - Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs

Relations

• Replaces: CR 1187:2001 - Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaced By: CEN/TS 1187:2012 - Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2012
• Amended By: ENV 1187:2002/A1:2005 - Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2003
1DGRPHãþD
SIST CR 1187:2002
Preskusne metode za izpostavljenost streh požaru z zunanje strani
Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
Prüfverfahren zur Beanspruchung von Bedachungen durch Feuer von außen
Méthodes d'essai pour l'exposition des toitures a un feu extérieur
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ENV 1187:2002
ICS:
13.220.50 Požarna odpornost Fire-resistance of building
gradbenih materialov in materials and elements
elementov
91.060.20 Strehe Roofs
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN PRESTANDARD
ENV 1187
PRÉNORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE VORNORM
May 2002
ICS 13.220.50 Supersedes CR 1187:2001
English version
Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
Méthodes d'essai pour l'exposition des toitures à un feu Prüfverfahren zur Beanspruchung von Bedachungen durch
extérieur Feuer von außen
This European Prestandard (ENV) was approved by CEN on 5 April 2002 as a prospective standard for provisional application.
The period of validity of this ENV is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the ENV can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this ENV in the same way as for an EN and to make the ENV available promptly
at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the ENV) until the final
decision about the possible conversion of the ENV into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. ENV 1187:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions.6
4 Test 1: Method with burning brands.8
4.1 Test equipment .8
4.1.1 Basket .8
4.1.2 Wood wool.8
4.1.3 Balance .8
4.1.4 Timing device .8
4.2 Calibration .8
4.3 Test conditions (roof pitch) .8
4.4 Test specimen .9
4.4.1 General.9
4.4.2 Selection of standard supporting decks .9
4.4.3 Positioning of joints .10
4.4.4 Edge detailing.10
4.5 Conditioning.11
4.5.1 Wood wool.11
4.5.2 Test specimen .11
4.6 Test environment .11
4.7 Test procedure .11
4.7.1 Protection of the edges .11
4.7.2 Filling the basket.11
4.7.3 Positioning of the brand.11
4.7.4 Start of the test.12
4.7.5 End of the test .12
4.8 Observations and measurement .12
4.8.1 General.12
4.8.2 External fire spread .13
4.8.3 Fire penetration and openings .13
4.8.4 Damage .13
4.9 Test report .13
4.10 Direct field of application of test results .15
4.10.1 Roof pitch .15
4.10.2 Nature of the deck.15
5 Test 2 : Method with burning brands and wind .16
5.1 Test equipment .16
5.1.1 Air channels equipped with fans and dampers .16
5.1.2 Crib ignition stand .16
5.1.3 Wood crib.16
5.1.4 Oven .16
5.1.5 Desiccator.16
5.1.6 Balance .16
5.1.7 Timing device .16
5.1.8 Air velocity measuring devices .16
5.1.9 Flow meter .17
5.2 Calibration .17
5.2.1 Air velocity.17
5.2.2 Propane supply .18
5.2.3 Mechanical alignment.18
5.3 Test conditions .18
5.4 Test specimen.18
5.4.1 Sampling.18
5.4.2 Preparation of test specimens .18
5.5 Conditioning.19
5.5.1 Crib .19
5.5.2 Test specimen.19
5.6 Test environment.19
5.7 Test procedure.19
5.8 Observations and measurements.20
5.9 Test report .21
5.10 Direct field of application of test results .21
6 Test 3 : Method with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat.22
6.1 Test equipment .22
6.1.1 Brands .22
6.1.2 Wind .22
6.1.3 Radiant panel .23
6.1.4 Timing device.23
6.1.5 Calibration element.23
6.1.6 Specimen holder.23
6.2 Calibration .23
6.2.1 General.23
6.2.2 Specimen holder.23
6.2.3 Wind .24
6.2.4 Radiant level.24
6.3 Test conditions .24
6.4 Test specimen.24
6.4.1 General.24
6.4.2 Selection of standard supporting decks .24
6.4.3 Positioning of joints .25
6.4.4 Edge detailing .25
6.4.5 Protection of the edges.25
6.5 Conditioning.25
6.6 Test environment.26
6.7 Test procedure.26
6.7.1 Preparation of brands.26
6.7.2 Start of the test.26
6.7.3 Positioning of the brands .26
6.7.4 End of the test.26
6.7.5 Post test examination.26
6.8 Observations and measurements.27
6.8.1 General.27
6.8.2 External fire spread .27
6.8.3 Fire penetration and openings .27
6.8.4 Damage .27
6.9 Test report .27
6.10 Direct field of application of test results .29
6.10.1 Roof pitch .29
6.10.2 Nature of the deck.29
Bibliography .43
Foreword
This document ENV 1187:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 "Fire safety in buildings",
the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document supersedes CR 1187:2001.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this European Prestandard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
The first mandate given to CEN/TC 127 on fire resistance testing in support of the Construction Products Directive
required two test methods for external fire exposure to roofs. One test method was to include the effect of a burning
brand, the other was to include the effect of a burning brand together with wind and supplementary radiant heat.
These two draft methods were circulated for the CEN 6 month enquiry, but many countries did not support the two
and several countries requested that only one method should be prepared by CEN.
The topic was referred to the EC Fire Regulators’ Group. Discussions took place in both the Fire Regulators’ Group
and the Standing Committee on Construction, and in April 1997 CEN/TC 127 was requested to produce a standard
incorporating the two existing draft methods and the Nordtest method.
The Standing Committee accepted this as a short-term solution and strongly expressed the view that a truly
harmonised test procedure should be developed in the long term i.e. a single test procedure for this characteristic.
Caution
The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out these tests is drawn to the fact that fire
testing can be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases can be evolved
during the test.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be
identified and provided. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to all
relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies three methods for determining the performance of roofs to external fire
exposure. The three methods assess the performance of roofs under the following conditions:
test 1 - with burning brands
test 2 - with burning brands and wind
test 3 - with burning brands, wind and supplementary radiant heat.
The tests assess the fire spread across the external surface of the roof, the fire spread within the roof, the fire
penetration (tests 1 and 3) and the production of flaming droplets or debris falling from the underside of the roof or
from the exposed surface (tests 1 and 3).
Tests 2 and 3 are not applicable to geometrically irregular roofs or roof mounted appliances e.g. ventilators and
roof lights.
NOTE The three tests listed above do not imply any ranking order. Each test stands on its own without the possibility to
substitute or exchange one for another.
2 Normative references
This European Prestandard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Prestandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN ISO 13943, Fire safety – Vocabulary (ISO 13943:1999).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Prestandard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943, together with the
following, apply.
3.1
roof
covering and sealing systems including any insulating layers or vapour barriers normally provided together with
their supporting elements including attachment (glued, mechanically fastened etc.), and roof lights or other closures
for roof apertures that are intended to provide a weatherproof surface
3.2
material
basic single substance or a uniformly dispersed mixture of substances (e.g. metal, stone, wood, bitumen, concrete,
mineral wool)
3.3
damaged material
material that has been burnt, charred, melted or otherwise visually changed by heat. Discolouration and soot
deposits are not to be regarded as damaged material
3.4
burnt material
material that has been destroyed by combustion or pyrolysis
3.5
composite
combination of materials which is generally recognized in building construction as a discrete entity (e.g. coated or
laminated products such as roofing felts)
3.6
assembly
fabrication of materials and / or composites (e.g. sandwich panels)
3.7
product
material, composite material or assembly about which information is required
3.8
specimen
representative section of the roof/roof covering prepared for the purpose of the test
3.9
continuous deck
element with a continuous supporting function in which the gap between adjacent elements is not greater than
0,5 mm ((5,0 ± 0,5) mm in the case of wooden planks with plain edges)
3.10
exposed surface
external surface of the specimen which is subject to the heating conditions of the test
3.11
measuring zone
area of the specimen within which measurements are made
3.12
underside
bottom surface of the specimen
3.13
sustained flaming
flames arising from an observed location, which persist for 5 s or longer
3.14
external fire spread
progression and extent of sustained flaming across the exposed surface of the specimen
3.15
fire penetration
appearance on the underside of the specimen of any sustained flaming or glowing due to combustion including the
occurrence of any flaming droplets falling from the underside. Charring and/or discolouration are not to be regarded
as fire penetration
3.16
opening
appearance during the test of any hole greater than 25 mm in area or any crack greater than 2 mm wide, which
penetrates completely through the specimen and which would allow burning material to fall through the roof
3.17
internal damage
extent of damaged material in each layer inside the specimen, measured from the edges of the projection of the
ignition source in the upwards and downwards directions with respect to the pitch of the roof
3.18
fire spread within the roof (internal fire spread)
maximum burnt length measured from the upper edge of the projection of the ignition source in the upward
direction and from the lower edge in the downward direction of each layer for sloped roofs, and in any direction for
horizontal roofs (see 4.8.1)
3.19
flaming droplets or debris
burning material falling from the specimen that continues to burn on the floor for at least 5 s
3.20
joint
any kind of connection or link within a layer in the roof, such as overlap or seams
3.21
roof covering
uppermost layer of a roof. This layer can comprise single layer or multiple layer coverings
3.22
damaged length
the length of damaged material of the roof covering and the substrate respectively, expressed in mm as measured
from the centre of the wood crib position (for test 2).
3.23
substrate
product which is used immediately beneath the roof covering, about which information is required (for test 2)
3.24
roof pitch
inclination of the roof surface to the horizontal
3.25
non-combustible product
a product which is a reaction to fire Euroclass A1 or A2 homogenous product
3.26
combustible product
product not satisfying the definition of non-combustible product
4 Test 1: Method with burning brands
4.1 Test equipment
4.1.1 Basket
A basket as shown in Figure 1 shall be used. The basket shall be made from 3 mm diameter mild steel wire forming
a mesh of approximately 50 mm · 50 mm. The basket shall be open at the top and bottom and have four projecting
feet 10 mm long, one at each corner. The outer dimensions of the basket shall be 300 mm · 300 mm · 200 mm
deep. The mass of the basket shall be (650 ± 50) g.
4.1.2 Wood wool
Wood wool shall consist of fibres approximately 2 mm wide · 0,2 mm to 0,3 mm thick and be manufactured from
softwood e.g. spruce, pine or fir.
4.1.3 Balance
The balance is used to weigh the wood wool. It shall have a nominal capacity of at least 2 kg and an accuracy of
± 1 g.
4.1.4 Timing device
A timing device with an accuracy of ± 5 s over 24 h shall be used.
4.2 Calibration
Each new batch of wood wool shall be checked by carrying out a control test as follows: A sample of calcium
silicate board as described in 4.4.2.2 c), measuring 1 m · 1 m shall be supported horizontally at a height of about
1 m above the floor. A basket filled with conditioned wood wool as described in 4.5.1 and 4.7.2 shall be placed at
the centre of the board and ignited as described in 4.7.4. The burning time shall be measured from the
commencement of ignition until the final flame extinguishes.
Three separate tests shall be carried out. The calcium silicate board used shall be cooled down between the tests.
If the range of the burning times recorded is greater than 2 min, a further three tests shall be conducted. The mean
burning time for all performed tests shall be calculated and shall lie within the range of 4 min to 5 min.
4.3 Test conditions (roof pitch)
Roofs intended to be installed with pitches up to 20° in practice shall be tested at a pitch of 15°. Roofs intended to
be installed with pitches greater than 20° shall be tested at a pitch of 45°.
In special cases (e.g. where proof for a specific type of roof is to be provided), by way of departure from the
specifications regarding roof pitches, verification of the resistance of a roof to burning brands may also be carried
out by testing at the actual intended roof pitch. The test results so obtained shall then be valid only for the roof pitch
tested.
4.4 Test specimen
4.4.1 General
Four specimens with minimum dimensions 0,8 m in width · 1,8 m in length shall be prepared under appropriate
supervision by the laboratory for each roof pitch to be tested.
Roof lights shall be tested in the original size, with a waterproofing system attached as in practice.
The specimens shall be representative, in all details of practical application (except for the standard supporting
deck), with regard to both the support, and the type and number of layers of roofing materials (including any
insulation, vapour barriers, etc), and with regard to the joining of those layers. An example specimen section is
shown in Figure 2.
Where appropriate (see Table 1), at least one specimen shall incorporate a vertical joint in the top layer and
another specimen shall incorporate a horizontal joint in the top layer. The other two specimens may be without any
joint in the top layer.
In the case of a roof with jointed thermal insulation, a vertical joint in the insulation shall be included in each of the
specimens as specified in 4.4.3.
4.4.2 Selection of standard supporting decks
4.4.2.1 General
When the product being evaluated is a roof covering system intended for general application over a variety of
decks (see 4.10), the test deck shall be selected in accordance with either 4.4.2.2 b) or 4.4.2.2 c).
4.4.2.2 Roof coverings intended to be installed over continuous decks
a) In the case of roof coverings intended to be installed over a continuous deck which is not profiled, a roof deck
in accordance with either 4.4.2.2 b) or 4.4.2.2 c) shall be used. If the materials are to be laid over a profiled
steel deck, then a trapezoidal profiled steel deck, in accordance with 4.4.2.2 d) shall be used.
b) If it is intended to simulate a wooden continuous deck with a gap not exceeding 0,5 mm, the wood particle
board deck shall be constructed from planks 250 mm wide · 16 mm thick running parallel to the eaves with
plain edges and tightly butt jointed so that the gaps between planks do not exceed 0,5 mm.
If it is intended to simulate a deck made of narrow solid wood planks, the gaps between the particle board
panels shall be (5,0 – 0,5) mm.
The wood particle board shall consist of wood particles bonded with polymer adhesive (e.g.
ureaformaldehyde); it shall have a density of (680 ± 50) kg/m
and shall not be treated with fire retardants.
c) If roofing materials are intended to be laid only on continuous, non-combustible decks with a minimum
thickness of 10 mm, then the deck shall consist of 10 mm thick reinforced calcium silicate board, dry density
(680 ± 50) kg/m .
d) The trapezoidal profiled steel deck shall have the width of the crown approximately equal to 50 % of the pitch
and a trough depth of approximately 100 mm. The corrugations shall run parallel to the eaves and be open at
the ends.
4.4.2.3 Roof coverings intended to be installed without a continuous deck
The spacing of roof supports of any type shall be in accordance with the maximum permissible spans proposed by
the manufacturer for the particular application but not exceeding the minimum dimensions prescribed for the
specimen in 4.4.1.
4.4.3 Positioning of joints
4.4.3.1 Specimen types
The five types are illustrated in Figure 3.
Type 1 : Single central joint in the top layer parallel to the roof pitch. No joints are required in any other layer
(including insulation).
Type 2 : Single joint in the top layer at 90° to the roof pitch 100 mm above the lower edge of the basket. No joints
are required in any other weathering layer. A single central joint in the insulation parallel to the roof pitch shall be
provided, where applicable (see Table 1). The joint shall extend from 100 mm below the lower edge of the basket
to 800 mm above the upper edge of the basket.
Type 3: No joint is required in any of the weathering layers. A single central joint in the insulation parallel to the roof
pitch shall be provided, where applicable.
Type 4: A single central joint in the weathering layer parallel to the roof pitch next to the insulation. No joints are
required in any other layer (including insulation).
Type 5: A single central joint in the weathering layer parallel to the roof pitch next to the top layer. No joints are
required in any other layer (including insulation).
Where there are overlapping layers, the position of the joints shall be considered to be the edge of the upper layer.
4.4.3.2 Types to be tested
According to the different compositions of roofs, test specimens described in Table 1 shall be tested:
Table 1 — Test specimens
Specimen Type
st nd rd th
Composition of the roof 1 spec 2 spec 3 spec 4 spec
3 or more weathering124 5
layers
2 weathering layers 1 2 3 4
1 weathering layer 1 2 3 3
Where the dimensions of the elements of any of the layers are such that it requires more than four pieces to cover
the specimen, or if any of the layers are jointless, then the specimens shall be fabricated in such a way that those
layers are representative. In the first instance, at least one joint in the layer(s) concerned shall be located
underneath the basket.
4.4.4 Edge detailing
No special measures shall be taken by the sponsor to protect the edge of the specimen.
4.5 Conditioning
4.5.1 Wood wool
Before being stored, any compressed wood wool shall be loosened by pulling apart, but not to the extent that the
fibres are separated. Large pieces of unshredded wood shall be removed.
The wood wool shall not be selected for tests until the stabilized moisture content of a representative sample lies
within the range of 8 % to 12 % of the dry mass. This shall be determined by drying a 10 g to 20 g sample in an
oven at (105° ± 5) °C to constant mass. Wood wool used for this moisture content determination shall not be used
for the test.
A suitable amount of wood wool selected for the test shall be stored for at least 12 h in a room at a temperature of
(23 – 2) °C and a relative humidity of (50 – 5) %.
The wood wool shall not be exposed to a different atmosphere for a period of more than 1 h before the test is
carried out.
4.5.2 Test specimen
At the time of test, the test specimen shall be in equilibrium with the laboratory environment.
If the materials involved are likely to absorb or contain a significant amount of moisture (liable to influence the test
results), then extra care shall be exercised to ensure that the specimen is at this stable equilibrium. The moisture
content of these materials shall be measured and recorded at the time of test.
Special samples may be used for moisture content determination and may be conditioned with the test specimens.
These special samples shall be fabricated so as to represent the loss of water vapour from the specimen by having
similar thicknesses and exposed faces.
4.6 Test environment
Testing shall be carried out in a draught-free area, in an enclosure of not less than 150 m³ in volume. The lower
edge of the top surface of the specimen shall be (0,75 ± 0,25) m above the laboratory floor. The temperature in the
enclosure shall be (20 ± 10) °C prior to the fire test.
NOTE An exhaust hood can be fitted above the specimen provided it does not create a draught over the specimen.
4.7 Test procedure
4.7.1 Protection of the edges
It may be necessary for the laboratory to take measures to prevent failure due to flames passing around the edges
of the specimen. These measures shall not affect the fire behaviour within the measuring zone (see also Figure 4)
and shall be fully described in the test report. If it is necessary to protect the lower edge, this shall be done in such
a way so as not to interfere with or obstruct material flowing or falling from the roof surface.
4.7.2 Filling the basket
Wood wool specified in 4.1.2 and conditioned in accordance with 4.5.1 shall be uniformly pressed into the wire
frame basket, in at least six layers, until the mass of wood wool in the basket is (600 ± 10) g. The packed volume of
the wood wool shall correspond to the internal dimensions of the basket, excluding the feet.
4.7.3 Positioning of the brand
The basket filled with wood wool (the brand), shall be suspended with its base (excluding the feet)
4.7.3.1
parallel to the nominal slope of the specimen 10 mm from the surface of the specimen so that this position is
maintained throughout the test. On a curved surface the centre of the base of the basket shall be 10 mm above the
surface.
In cases where the weight of the basket will not affect the deformation of the roof or roof covering during the test,
the basket may be placed directly on the roof surface. Any device used to retain the basket shall not interfere with
the burning behaviour of the wood wool.
The brand shall be placed in accordance with Figure 4.
4.7.3.2 Roof lights shall be tested with the basket placed in turn at:
a) the upper edge of the roof light, where the slope is smallest (see position a, Figure 5);
b) the centre of the roof light (see position b, Figure 5);
c) the lower edge of the roof light, where the slope is greatest (see position c, Figure 5);
d) on the waterproofing attached to the lower side of the roof light and as close as possible to the upstand of the
roof light (see position d, Figure 5).
If the roof light consists of several segments joined together, the basket shall be positioned over the joint closest to
the centre in one of the tests.
A new specimen shall be used for each test if interference could exist between successive tests.
4.7.4 Start of the test
For each fire test, the brand shall be positioned on the specimen before ignition. The wood wool shall be ignited
along the bottom of all four sides within a period of 10 s, commencing with the upper side. The timing device shall
be started at the commencement of the ignition of the wood wool.
4.7.5 End of the test
The duration of the test is 60 min, measured from the commencement of the ignition of the wood wool, unless a
longer test duration is requested by the sponsor. Surface flames still existing 30 min after the start of the test shall
be extinguished e.g. by applying a fire blanket, gaseous extinguishing agent etc, taking care not to influence any
internal constructions. At the end of the test, the roof shall be opened and checked for non-flaming fire propagation
(glowing combustion) and any penetration. The result shall be reported, including the time at which the roof was
opened.
A test may be terminated earlier, if:
a) evidently there is no occurrence of fire (flames, glowing combustion, smoke);
b) the flames reached an edge of the sample;
c) penetration occurs; or
d) there is a risk to safety of personnel or impending damage to equipment.
4.8 Observations and measurement
4.8.1 General
During and/or after the test, the following parameters (see 4.8.2 to 4.8.4) shall be observed, measured and
recorded. Dimensions shall be measured in mm.
Progress of sustained flaming shall be estimated with respect to the base of the flame, in contact with the exposed
surface, and not with respect to the flame envelope.
If the roof is a flat roof with a pitch of zero degrees, then the relevant flame spread is that in any direction. This is
determined by reference to concentric circles using the centre of the basket as a nominal origin. In such cases, if
the maximum radius of spread is L mm, the result shall be expressed as (L - 150) mm, as an approximation to the
distance of fire spread.
4.8.2 External fire spread
4.8.2.1 The time when the sustained flaming has progressed upwards 100 mm, 300 mm, 500 mm and 700
mm from the upper edge of the projection of the brand onto the exposed specimen surface and when reaching the
upper edge of the measuring zone, as defined in 3.11 and Figure 4.
4.8.2.2 The time when the sustained flaming has progressed downwards 100 mm, 300 mm and 500 mm from
the lower edge of the projection of the brand onto the exposed specimen surface and when reaching the lower
edge of the measuring zone, as defined in 3.11 and Figure 4.
4.8.2.3 The time of occurrence and description of any burning material (flaming droplets or debris) falling from
the exposed surface, as defined in 3.19.
4.8.2.4 The extent during the test of the external fire spread upwards and downwards, as defined in 3.14,
expressed as the maximum burnt length from the edges of the projection of the brand onto the exposed surface,
measured at the end of the test.
4.8.3 Fire penetration and openings
4.8.3.1 The time and nature of fire penetration, if this has occurred, as defined in 3.15.
4.8.3.2 The time of occurrence and description of any burning material (flaming droplets or debris) falling from
the underside of the specimen, as defined in 3.19.
4.8.3.3 The time of occurrence of openings and their dimensions, as defined in 3.16.
4.8.4 Damage
4.8.4.1 The extent and nature of internal damage upwards and downwards, measured after the test from the
edges of the projection of the brand, as defined in 3.17.
4.8.4.2 The maximum length of burnt material upwards and downwards in each layer, measured after the test
from the edges of the projection of the brand, as defined in 3.18.
4.8.4.3 The extent of internal damage, as defined in 3.17.
4.9 Test report
The report shall provide all the information relevant to the selected procedures, the products tested and the results
obtained. Photographs are strongly recommended to illustrate the test results.
The test report shall include the following:
a) reference to this standard i.e. ENV 1187 test 1;
b) the name of the test laboratory, the address where the test has been performed, and the date of the test;
c) the names of the sponsor, the product and the manufacturer of the specimen and its component parts, if
known. If unknown, this shall be stated;
d) a statement concerning the degree of supervision exercised by the laboratory during specimen fabrication. If
there was no supervision, this shall be mentioned in the report, together with the reason why this requirement
was not complied with;
e) a full description of the product tested with a description of the test roof deck. This shall include the method of
attaching the roof covering (nails, fixings, spacing, adhesives, etc.), the density or mass per unit area of
materials and, where applicable, moisture content of the materials used. Building material classes (e.g. with
reference to standards), the nature and quantity of adhesives or their rate of application may also be
necessary to define the product uniquely;
f) description of any actions taken to prevent the flames passing around the edges (see 4.7.1). If no actions were
taken, this shall be stated.
g) for each tested specimen, information concerning:
 the roof pitch;
°
 the room temperature at the beginning of the test, in C;
h) for each tested specimen observations recorded on its behaviour during and after the test including:
i) external fire sprea
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