EN 1846-2:2009

Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance

1.1 This European Standard specifies the common requirements for safety and the (minimum) common
performance requirements of firefighting and rescue service vehicles as designated in EN 1846-1.
NOTE 1 Categories and mass classes of these vehicles are given in EN 1846-1.
When drafting this European Standard it has been assumed that the finished standard automotive chassis (or the
chassis designed in accordance with the same principles) that is the basis for the firefighting or rescue vehicle,
offers an acceptable safety level for its basic transport functions within the limits specified by the manufacturer.
Therefore, this European Standard does not formulate requirements for this chassis.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to firefighting
and rescue service vehicles, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are
reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
Complementary specific requirements for aerial appliances are the subject of the following European Standards:
 EN 1777: Hydraulic platforms (HPs) for fire fighting and rescue services,
 EN 14043: Turntable ladders with combined movements,
 EN 14044: Turntable ladders with sequential movements.
These specific requirements may supplement or modify the requirements of this document and they take
precedence over the corresponding requirements of this document.
NOTE 2 Additional regulations, not dealt with in this document, may apply in relation with the use of the vehicles on public
roads.
This European Standard deals with firefighting and rescue vehicles intended for use in a temperature range from
– 15 °C to + 35 °C.
NOTE 3 In the case of utilisation outside this temperature range, additional measures may be necessary as agreed between
the manufacturer and the user. Such requirements are outside the scope of this European Standard.

Feuerwehrfahrzeuge - Teil 2: Allgemeine Anforderungen - Sicherheit und Leistung

1.1 Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an Sicherheit und die (Mindest-)Anforderungen an die
Leistung für die in EN 1846-1 bezeichneten Feuerwehrfahrzeuge fest.
ANMERKUNG 1 Kategorien und Gewichtsklassen dieser Fahrzeuge sind in EN 1846-1 angegeben.
Bei Erstellung dieser Europäische Norm wurde vorausgesetzt, dass das fertige, selbst fahrende Standard-
Fahrgestell (oder das nach den gleichen Grundsätzen konstruierte Fahrgestell), das die Grundlage für
Feuerwehrfahrzeuge bildet, ein innerhalb der vom Hersteller festgelegten Grenzen annehmbares Sicherheitsniveau
für dessen grundlegende Transportfunktionen bietet. Deshalb enthält diese Europäische Norm keine
Anforderungen an diese Fahrgestelle.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt alle für Feuerwehrfahrzeuge signifikanten Gefährdungen, gefährlichen
Situationen und Ereignisse, wenn diese entsprechend dem bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch eingesetzt
werden sowie unter Fehlgebrauchsbedingungen, die vom Hersteller allgemein vorhergesehen werden können
(siehe Abschnitt 4).
Ergänzende Anforderungen an Hubrettungsfahrzeuge sind Gegenstand der folgenden Europäischen Normen:
- EN 1777, Hubarbeitsbühnen (HABn) für Feuerwehrfahrzeuge;
- EN 14043, Drehleitern mit kombinierten Bewegungen (Automatik-Drehleitern);
- EN 14044, Drehleitern mit aufeinander folgenden (sequenziellen) Bewegungen (Halbautomatik-Drehleitern).
Deren spezifische Anforderungen können Anforderungen dieses Dokuments ergänzen oder ändern und
haben gegenüber den entsprechenden Anforderungen dieses Dokuments Vorrang.
ANMERKUNG 2 In diesem Dokument nicht behandelte zusätzliche Regelungen können in Verbindung mit dem Einsatz
dieser Fahrzeuge im öffentlichen Straßenverkehr gelten.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt Feuerwehrfahrzeuge, die für einen Einsatz in einem Temperaturbereich
von −15 °C bis +35 °C vorgesehen sind. (...)

Véhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie - Partie 2 : Prescriptions communes - Sécurité et performances

1.1   Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions communes de sécurité et les prescriptions communes (minimales) de performances pour les véhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie, tels que désignés dans l'EN 1846-1.
NOTE 1   Les catégories et les classes de masse de ces véhicules sont définies dans l'EN 1846-1.
Lors de la rédaction de cette norme, il a été admis que le châssis cabine mis sur le marché (et les châssis construits sur les mêmes spécifications) qui sert de base aux véhicules de secours et de lutte contre l’incendie, offre un niveau de sécurité acceptable quant à leur usage de base pour les déplacements dans les limites spécifiées par le fabricant. C’est pourquoi la présente Norme européenne ne donne pas de prescriptions pour ce châssis.
Le présent document traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux, situations et événement dangereux significatifs spécifiques aux véhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés normalement et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation qui sont raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Article 4).
Des exigences complémentaires spécifiques aux moyens élévateurs aériens sont contenues dans les normes suivantes :
-   EN 1777 : Bras Elévateur Aérien (BEA) des services d'incendie et de secours,
-   EN 14043 : Échelles pivotantes à mouvements combinés,
-   EN 14044 : Échelles pivotantes à mouvements séquentiels.
Ces prescriptions spécifiques peuvent compléter ou modifier les prescriptions du présent document et ont priorité sur les prescriptions correspondantes de la présente norme.
NOTE 2   D’autres réglementations, non décrites dans le présent document, peuvent s’appliquer à la circulation des véhicules sur le domaine public.
Le présent document traite des véhicules de secours et de lutte contre l’incendie destinés à être utilisés dans une plage de température de - 15 °C à + 35 °C.

Gasilska in reševalna vozila - 2. del: Splošne zahteve - Varnost in obnašanje pri uporabi

Ta evropski standard določa splošne zahteve za varnost in (minimalne) splošne zahteve za zmogljivost gasilnih in reševalnih vozil, kot je določeno v EN 1846-1. Pri pripravi osnutka tega evropskega standarda se je predvidevalo, da dokončan standard avtomobilskih šasij (ali šasij, osnovanih v skladu z istimi načeli), ki so osnova gasilskih in reševalnih vozil, ponuja sprejemljivo raven varnosti za osnovne prevozne dejavnosti v okviru meja, ki jih je navedel proizvajalec. Potemtakem ta evropski standard ne oblikuje zahtev za te šasije. Ta evropski standard obravnava vse velike nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in primere, ki se nanašajo na  gasilna in reševalna vozila, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z namembnostjo in pod pogoji napačne uporabe, ki jih je upravičeno predvidel proizvajalec (glej Klavzulo 4). Dopolnilne posebne zahteve za zračno uporabo so predmet naslednjih evropskih standardov: - EN 1777: Hidravlične ploščadi (HP) za gašenje in reševanje, - EN 14043:  Lestve, opremljene s kretnicami z kombiniranem gibanjem, - EN 14044: Lestve, opremljene s sekvenčnim gibanjem. Te posebne zahteve lahko dopolnijo ali spremenijo zahteve tega dokumenta in imajo lahko prednost pred ustreznimi zahtevami tega dokumenta. Ta evropski standard obravnava gasilna in reševalna vozila, namenjena za uporabo v temperaturnem razponu od –15°C do +35°C.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 04-Aug-2009
• Withdrawal Date: 12-Feb-2013
• ICS: 13.220.10 - Fire-fighting
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 192 - Fire service equipment
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 192/WG 3 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 13-Feb-2013
• Completion Date: 13-Feb-2013
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1846-2:2010 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance

Relations

• Replaces: EN 1846-2:2001/A2:2006 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
• Effective Date: 08-Aug-2009
• Replaces: EN 1846-2:2001 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
• Effective Date: 08-Aug-2009
• Replaces: EN 1846-2:2001/A1:2004 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
• Effective Date: 08-Aug-2009
• Replaces: EN 1846-2:2001/AC:2007 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
• Effective Date: 08-Aug-2009
• Replaces: EN 1846-2:2001+A3:2009 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
• Effective Date: 08-Aug-2009
• Merged Into: EN 1846-2:2009+A1:2013 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Amended By: EN 1846-2:2009/FprA1 - Firefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance
• Effective Date: 11-Jun-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Gasilska in reševalna vozila - 2. del: Splošne zahteve - Varnost in obnašanje pri uporabiFeuerwehrfahrzeuge - Teil 2: Allgemeine Anforderungen - Sicherheit und LeistungVéhicules des services de secours et de lutte contre l'incendie - Partie 2 : Prescriptions communes - Sécurité et performancesFirefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance43.160Vozila za posebne nameneSpecial purpose vehicles13.220.10Gašenje požaraFire-fightingICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1846-2:2009SIST EN 1846-2:2010en,fr,de01-februar-2010SIST EN 1846-2:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1846-2:2002/AC:2007SIST EN 1846-2:2002/kprA3:2009SIST EN 1846-2:2002+A3:2009SIST EN 1846-2:2002SIST EN 1846-2:2002/A1:2005SIST EN 1846-2:2002/A2:20061DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1846-2August 2009ICS 13.220.10Supersedes EN 1846-2:2001
English VersionFirefighting and rescue service vehicles - Part 2: Commonrequirements - Safety and performanceVéhicules des services de secours et de lutte contrel'incendie - Partie 2 : Prescriptions communes - Sécurité etperformancesFeuerwehrfahrzeuge - Teil 2: Allgemeine Anforderungen -Sicherheit und LeistungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 July 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels© 2009 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1846-2:2009: ESIST EN 1846-2:2010

General conditions for the verification procedures . 42Annex B (informative)
Example of an exhaust coupling . 43Annex C (informative)
Different methods of determining levels of slip-resistance . 44Annex D (informative)
Removal heights from equipment lockers . 45Annex E (informative)
Examples of technical measures for noise reduction . 46Annex F (normative)
Noise test code for the noise emission values declaration (Grade 2 of accuracy) . 47Annex G (informative)
Acceptance test on delivery . 52Annex H (informative)
Conformity assessment . 53Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC . 54Annex ZB (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 55Bibliography . 56 SIST EN 1846-2:2010

EN 14044. These additional requirements supplement or modify the requirements of this European Standard. Compliance with the requirements of EN 1777, EN 14043 or EN 14044 and this European Standard is required to achieve conformity with the essential health and safety requirements of the Directives concerned. Additional requirements may be necessary for vehicles operating outside the limits of this European Standard e.g. the operating temperature range specified in the scope, fires in the natural environment and flooding. These additional requirements should be agreed between the vehicle manufacturer and the user. Such requirements are outside the scope of this European Standard and compliance with this European Standard will not give conformity with the essential health and safety requirements of the Directives concerned for the related hazards. Following a request from CEN/TC 192, CEN has agreed to defer the date of withdrawal of EN 1846-2 and its amendments for a transitional period of 18 months. EN 1846 "Firefighting and rescue service vehicles" is composed of three parts:  Part 1: Nomenclature and designation;  Part 2: Common requirements - Safety and performance;  Part 3: Permanently installed equipment - Safety and performance. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directives 98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC. For relationship with EC Directives 98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC, see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard specifies the common requirements for safety and the (minimum) common performance requirements of firefighting and rescue service vehicles as designated in EN 1846-1. NOTE 1 Categories and mass classes of these vehicles are given in EN 1846-1. When drafting this European Standard it has been assumed that the finished standard automotive chassis (or the chassis designed in accordance with the same principles) that is the basis for the firefighting or rescue vehicle, offers an acceptable safety level for its basic transport functions within the limits specified by the manufacturer. Therefore, this European Standard does not formulate requirements for this chassis. This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to firefighting and rescue service vehicles, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). Complementary specific requirements for aerial appliances are the subject of the following European Standards:  EN 1777: Hydraulic platforms (HPs) for fire fighting and rescue services,  EN 14043: Turntable ladders with combined movements,  EN 14044: Turntable ladders with sequential movements. These specific requirements may supplement or modify the requirements of this document and they take precedence over the corresponding requirements of this document. NOTE 2 Additional regulations, not dealt with in this document, may apply in relation with the use of the vehicles on public roads. This European Standard deals with firefighting and rescue vehicles intended for use in a temperature range from
– 15 °C to + 35 °C.
NOTE 3 In the case of utilisation outside this temperature range, additional measures may be necessary as agreed between the manufacturer and the user. Such requirements are outside the scope of this European Standard. 1.2 This European Standard does not deal with the following types of fire-fighting or rescue vehicles or equipment:  vehicles designed exclusively for carrying personnel;  vehicles with a gross laden mass not exceeding 3 t;  boats;  aircraft;  railway vehicles;  ambulances (see EN 1789);  provisions for removable equipment driven by PTO;  airport vehicles in the scope of the recommendations of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). 1.3 This European Standard deals with the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during operational use, routine checking and maintenance of firefighting and rescue service vehicles when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

1 In preparation. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

3.3 permissible total laden mass PTLM maximum permitted gross laden mass as declared by the chassis manufacturer NOTE See European Directive 70/156/EEC. 3.4 approach angle α angle between the horizontal ground contact plane and the plane tangent to the tyres of the front wheels, such that no rigid part ahead of the first axle of the vehicle is located between these planes, measured when the vehicle is at its gross laden mass NOTE See Figure 1
Figure 1 SIST EN 1846-2:2010
Figure 2
3.6 angle of slope γ smallest angle measured, when the vehicle is at its gross laden mass, between two planes tangential to the innermost front and rear tyres which intersect at the lowest rigid point or surface of the underside of the vehicle between these tyres NOTE 1 See Figure 3 NOTE 2 This angle defines the largest ramp over which the vehicle can pass.
Figure 3 3.7 ground clearance d distance between the horizontal ground contact plane and the lowest fixed point on the vehicle, other than the axles, measured when the vehicle is at its gross laden mass NOTE 1 See Figure 4 NOTE 2 Multiple axle sets are considered as a single axle. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

Figure 4
3.8 ground clearance under axle h distance determined by the highest part of a quadrilateral having its base as the ground contact plane between the innermost wheels on an axle and its upper plane as the lowest rigid part of the vehicle falling between the wheels and within 0,3 m of both sides of the vehicle centre line, measured when the vehicle is at its gross laden mass NOTE See Figure 5
Figure 5
3.9 cross-axle capability c ability of the vehicle to remain functional and with no unintended interference between the various components of the vehicle including cabin and bodywork, when driven onto two blocks of specified height c simultaneously disposed diagonally on a horizontal plane, measured when the vehicle is at its gross laden mass 3.10 turning circle between walls D diameter of the smallest imaginary cylinder within which the vehicle can turn at maximum steering lock NOTE See Figure 6 SIST EN 1846-2:2010

Figure 6 3.11 static tilt angle δ angle between the horizontal and ground contact planes at which the vehicle when tilted along its longitudinal axis undergoes loss of stability 3.12 loss of stability point at which the final upslope wheel loses contact with the ground contact plane, at the gross laden mass of the vehicle NOTE See Figure 7
Key 1 Loss of contact 2 Ground contact plane 3 Horizontal plane Figure 7
Key 1 Driver's cab, including the first range of seats 2 Crew compartment, separate or not Figure 8
3.14 operating position position at which firefighters are located to operate firefighting or rescue equipment permanently installed on the vehicle 3.15 working platform operating position above the ground level 3.16 gradient capability P ability of a vehicle at its gross laden mass (GLM) to start and stop on and to ascend or descend a slope 4 List of significant hazards This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk (see Table 1). SIST EN 1846-2:2010

Table 1 — List of hazards Reference in
EN ISO 14121-1:2007 Situation/area Clause reference in this standard 1
Mechanical hazards
Crushing Unintended movement of the vehicle 5.1.1.4
Falling of tilting cabin 5.1.2.2.1
Reversing of vehicle 5.1.1.8
Rolling over of vehicle 5.1.1.2
Forward movement of load/body work 5.1.2.2.2 5.1.2.2.3 Shearing Injury from horizontally moving load carriers 5.1.2.4.2 Cutting or severing Sharp edges of body and fixed equipment 5.1.2.1
Unprotected sharp objects in the cabin 5.1.2.2.2 Entanglement Exposed PTO/transmission 5.1.1.5 Drawing in or trapping Movement of the vehicle with doors lockers equipment etc., outside the body perimeter5.1.2.1 Impact Movement of crew at sudden stopping of vehicle 5.1.2.2.2 5.1.2.2.3 5.1.2.2.4
Movement of equipment at sudden stopping of vehicle 5.1.1.1 5.1.2.2.2 5.1.2.2.3 Loss of stability Overturning of vehicle
5.1.1.1 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.6
Loss of lateral stability during braking 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.3.1 5.1.1.6 Loss of stability due to unadapted tyres pressure 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.7 Slip, trip, fall Falling from/through roof and working platforms 5.1.2.3.4 5.1.2.3.5
Injury from leaving/entering crew compartment 5.1.2.3.2 5.1.2.2.6
Leaving/entering the cabin 5.1.3.3 5.1.2.2.6
Tripping in area of the operating positions 5.1.2.1 5.1.3.3
(continued) SIST EN 1846-2:2010

EN ISO 14121-1:2007 Situation/area Clause reference in this standard 2
Electrical hazards
Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) Connection of external power supply to vehicle 5.1.3.1 5.1.4.3 Contact of persons with live parts (indirect contact) Electrical equipment 5.1.3.1 3
Thermal hazards
Burns and scalds Exposed exhaust systems 5.1.1.1 4
Noise hazard Hearing loss Noise at operating position 5.1.5 Interference with speech Speech and acoustic signals not audible at operating position 5.1.5 7
Materials and substances hazards Fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts Inhalation of exhaust gases 5.1.1.1
Loss of acids from batteries 5.1.3.2
Contact with harmful fluids and fumes 5.1.2.4.1 8 Ergonomic hazards Unhealthy postures, excessive efforts Bad access to vehicle (crew compartment, equipment, roof.) 5.1.2.3 5.1.2.3.3 5.1.2.4.2 Human anatomy Access and location of operating and seating positions 5.1.2.2.7 5.1.2.3.4 5.1.2.5 5.1.4.4 Area lighting Tripping in area of the operating positions/equipment lockers 5.1.3.3 Human error Incorrect operations 5.1.4.3 6.2 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls Lack of information or confusion at the operating position 5.1.4 10
Combination of hazards Failure of energy Falling of cabin during tilting 5.1.2.2.1
Mechanical damage for category 3 as defined in EN 1846-1 5.1.1.1 Failure of control system Unintentional moving of vehicle when PTO is in operation or other unintended movement 5.1.1.5 5.1.4.3
Remote control 5.1.4.2 Errors of fitting Incorrect electric connection HI/LO (voltage - polarity) 5.1.3.1 Overturn, loss of stability Loss of longitudinal and lateral stability (category 3 as defined in EN 1846-1) 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.3
Loss of latitudinal stability of all vehicles (roll over) 5.1.1.2 6.2
Loss of lateral control of the vehicle 5.1.1.3 5.1.1.6 Missing and/or incorrectly positioned safety related measures/means Absence of safety measures for operational use 5.1.6 5.1.7 6.2
(continued)
EN ISO 14121-1:2007 Situation/area Clause reference in this standard Inadequate lighting of moving/working areas Tripping in area of the operating position. Bad area lighting 5.1.3.3 Sudden movement, instability during handling Tilting cabin 5.1.2.2.1 Injuries due to unexpected movement of equipment (e.g. doors, lockers, canopy, steps, masts). 5.1.2.4 Inadequate seat/seating Loss of control when driving category 3 vehicles as defined in EN 1846-1 on suspended seat 5.1.2.2.4
Personal injury from sudden movement during travel 5.1.2.2.2 5.1.2.2.4 Inadequate design/positioning of controls Dangerous operation of equipment, risk of error 5.1.2.2.1 5.1.2.3.5 5.1.4 Starting/moving of self propelled machinery Unexpected or sudden movement of the vehicle or apparatus 5.1.1.3 5.1.1.4 5.1.4.3 Hazards to exposed persons due to uncontrolled movement Unexpected or sudden movement of the vehicle or apparatus 5.1.1.3 5.1.1.4 5.1.4.3 Unexpected tilting of cabin during movement (category 3 as defined in EN 1846-1) 5.1.2.2.1 Hazards due to rolling over Rolling over of vehicle (category 3 as defined in EN 1846-1) 5.1.2.2.1 Hazards due to batteries, fire emissions etc. Contact with acids of batteries 5.1.3.2 Movement when starting the engine Unauthorised movement of the vehicle 5.1.1.4 Movement without a driver at the driving position Unauthorised movement of the vehicle 5.1.1.5 Movement without all parts not in a safe position
Movement of the vehicle 5.1.4.3 Insufficient ability of machinery to be slowed down, stopped and immobilised Dangerous movement of the vehicle. Loss of control of the vehicle 5.1.1.3 Insufficient means for evacuation/emergency exit Inadequate emergency exit 5.1.2.2.5 5 Requirements 5.1 Safety requirements and/or protective measures - Verifications 5.1.1 General requirements 5.1.1.1 General Vehicles shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the vehicles shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this European Standard. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

NOTE 2 See EN ISO 13857 for the accessibility of the elements. For category 3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1) particular attention shall be paid to the protection against mechanical damage of all electrical wiring, fuel lines, pipes, hoses by rough ground/terrain.
When fixed guards, or parts acting as such, are not permanently fixed e.g. by welding, their fixing systems shall remain attached to the guards or to the supporting structure when the guards are removed. Verification: Data such as specifications and test results, received from the manufacturer(s) of components, shall be used as elements for the verification. Verification requirements are intended for the verification of the compliance of the "type". In the case of series manufacture a vehicle representative for the series and the vehicle type may be used.
NOTE It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure the conformity of each individual vehicle to the type. Subsequent to the static and dynamic tests the vehicle shall be examined to verify that vehicle doors and shutters have remained secure but can be easily opened for operational use. All equipment installed and carried shall be examined to verify that it has remained secure but can easily be released for operational use. Requirements dealing with the filler-opening and, for category 3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1), for electrical wiring, fuel lines, brake pipes and hoses shall be confirmed by visual inspection and/or functional test. Vehicles for specific use with additional requirements shall have their complementary verifications agreed between the user and the manufacturer. Exhaust system(s): By visual and/or functional verification, and measurement. 5.1.1.2 Static stability The design of the vehicle, at gross laden mass (GLM) shall be such that the centre of gravity (CG) of the stationary vehicle is within the chassis manufacturers recommended limits. Vehicles, except high rise aerial appliances, shall comply with the static tilt angles given in Table 2. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

M (Medium)
S (Super)
Category (see EN 1846-1) 1 (urban) 2 (rural) 3 (all terrain)1 (urban)2 (rural)3 (all terrain)1 (urban) 2 (rural) 3 (all terrain)static tilt angle δ (°)
≥ 32 ≥ 27 ≥ 27 ≥ 32 ≥ 27 ≥ 25 ≥ 32 ≥ 27 ≥ 25 NOTE
See also 6.2.d.
The static tilt angle for all vehicles fitted with a demountable system and for vehicles intended to carry mainly various loads shall be 3° more than the values of the Table 2, tested without the demountable unit or the load. For damage control tender, command and control appliance, personnel carrying vehicle, support vehicle and other specialized motor vehicle (see EN 1846-1), any reduction of the tilt angle shall be based on a risk assessment. Verification: NOTE 1 During these tests, precautions should be taken to prevent the loss of any liquids from the vehicle tanks by means of temporary devices. Incline the stationary vehicle with the engine switched off along its longitudinal axis. Measure and record the angle δ at which loss of stability, as defined in 3.11, occurs. Carry out the test by inclining the vehicle to the right and to the left. Any stop used to prevent the wheels from slipping sideways during this test shall have a maximum height dimension not exceeding, in horizontal position of the vehicle, 50 % of the minimum vertical measurement between the surface on which the vehicle stands and the wheel rim. NOTE 2 During this test precautions should be taken to prevent complete loss of vehicle stability for which purpose a form of temporary restraint may be used. Carry out additional tests on categories 2 and 3 vehicles fitted with tank(s) for carrying firefighting liquids, with the tank(s) at half capacity (± 50 l). Calculation e.g. computer modelling, may be used as an alternative to practical testing. The calculation method shall be validated by practical testing for each category of vehicle, comparing the two results obtained. If the difference between the two results is less than 5 % then the calculation method shall be acceptable. 5.1.1.3 Dynamic stability 5.1.1.3.1 Stability during braking During braking, the vehicle shall not deviate from its course by more than 20 % of its width to either side. NOTE 1 European Directive 71/320/EEC, or national regulations if these are more stringent, also apply to the braking system. Verification: NOTE 2 During the following test, precautions should be taken to prevent complete loss of vehicle stability, e.g. by checking brake performance at speeds lower than the test speed before carrying out the test as specified. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

Verification: Conduct these tests on a slope of consistent gradient, the angle of which depends on the category and mass class of the vehicle as defined in Table 3. The slope shall have a non-slip surface. Drive the vehicle forwards up the gradient, stop at the mid point. Apply the installed system other than the service brake and check that the vehicle remains stationary. Continue to drive the vehicle to the top of the gradient and turn the vehicle. Drive the vehicle forwards down the gradient, stop at the mid point. Apply the installed system other than the service brake and check that the vehicle remains stationary. Reverse the vehicle back up to the top of the gradient. Drive the vehicle down the gradient in any chosen gear, without the use of any braking system acting directly on the road wheels, checking that the descent is completed without the engine speed exceeding its normal operating limits. Except for category 3, calculation e.g. computer modelling, may be used as an alternative to practical testing. The calculation method shall be validated by practical testing for each mass class of vehicle, comparing the two results obtained. If the difference between the two results is less than 5 % then the calculation method shall be acceptable. NOTE Secondary devices such as engine and/or transmission retarders, exhaust brakes, may be used during this test. Carry out additional tests on categories 2 and 3 vehicles fitted with tank(s) for carrying firefighting liquids, with the tank(s) at half capacity (± 50 l). 5.1.1.4 Engine If it is possible to start the vehicle remote from the driving position, a safety interlock to prevent the vehicle moving shall be fitted. Where there is a Power Take Off (PTO) fitted, the speed of which can be higher than that permitted for the equipment to be connected, there shall be provision for keeping the speed of the PTO within the permissible limits. SIST EN 1846-2:2010

unladen mass (see 3.1); 
gross laden mass (GLM) (see 3.2). NOTE Partial calculation can be made with reference to the unladen mass. 5.1.1.7 Provisions for tyre pressure control Equipment shall be installed or supplied with the vehicle making it possible to inflate, deflate and check the tyre pressure of M.3 and S.3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1) when stationary. Verification: By visual inspection and functional test. 5.1.1.8 Reversing of vehicle Vehicles designed for PTO operation while moving and where the driver has no visibility to the zone immediately behind it (direct or indirectly, e.g. with mirrors or Closed Circuit Television Cameras "CCTV) shall be fitted with one of the following:  a device for detecting the presence of a person behind the vehicle when a reverse movement is to be started, or
 an automatic acoustic warning signal when the reversing gear is engaged . SIST EN 1846-2:2010

5.1.2 Body 5.1.2.1 General Locker doors, working platforms, drawers and stowage trays which extend more than 25 cm outside the vehicle when in the open position shall be marked to indicate the danger zone for example with safety marking in accordance with Clause 9 of ISO 3864-1:2002, or by the use of retroreflective or reflective materials. For all permanent additions to the standard chassis, exposed sharp edges shall be protected if they cannot be eliminated by design. Verification: By measurement and visual inspection. 5.1.2.2 Cabin 5.1.2.2.1 Construction If the cabin is of the tilting type, it shall be capable of tilting without the aid of an external hoisting device and be designed so that unintended lowering is prevented during lifting.
If there is a tilting device, it shall be sufficient to tilt, lower and support the cabin and the equipment stored therein (see 6.2 c)).
Verification: By calculation and/or functional verification. When a tilting cabin is in its fully raised position, unintended lowering of the cabin shall be prevented by design or an easily accessible mechanical restraint device shall be provided. Verification: By visual and/or functional verification.
A notice shall be affixed adjacent to the tilt operating point, instructing the operator to ensure that all persons are well clear of the cabin during raising or lowering operations and the cabin is positively locked or supported when in the tilted position. Verification: By visual inspection.
Vehicles having a tilting cabin shall be fitted with securing device(s) to ensure that the cabin does not tilt when the vehicle is moving if such devices are not included as part of the standard chassis. Category 3 vehicles (see EN 1846-1) having a tilting cabin shall be fitted with at least two independent securing devices to ensure that the cabin does not tilt when the vehicle is moving. Verification: By visual verification.
NOTE Glass for windows of vehicles is defined in European Directive 92/22/EEC. Verification: By visual verification.
5.1.2.2.2 Crew protection In the event of an accident or during emergency braking, accidental release of any fixed equipment shall be prevented either by physical separation or by equipment securing devices which can resist a deceleration of 10 g in the direction of travel. For vehicles where there is a significant risk of roll over (e.g. category 3), the fixed equipment shall remain secured when inverted. Verification: By calculation or testing for physical means to protect personnel from the unintended release of equipment. Functional verification. Inside the cabin, exposed sharp edges which cannot be eliminated by design shall be protected. Head rests shall be provided for all crew positions. Verification: By visual and/or functional verification. 5.1.2.2.3 Cabins designed to take respiratory protective device (RPD) The RPD set shall remain fixed to its support under a deceleration of 10 g. Verification: By calculation or testing for physical means to protect personnel from the unintended release of equipment. Release of the RPD set shall only be possible by intentional manual action.
The RPD harness shall not be used as a seat belt. The RPD harness fastening shall be incompatible with the seat belt fastening. A back rest shall be provided for the occasions when RPD sets are not carried. The RPD shall not encroach into the space allowed for the crew within the crew compartment (see Figure 9). Verification: SIST EN 1846-2:2010
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