EN ISO 3691-2:2023
(Main)Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 2: Self-propelled variable-reach trucks (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 2: Self-propelled variable-reach trucks (ISO 3691-2:2023)
This document gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled industrial variable-reach trucks and variable-reach container handlers/reach stackers as defined in ISO 5053‑1 (hereafter referred to as trucks), equipped with forks or integral load-handling devices for normal industrial duties (e.g. fork arms or means, such as spreaders, for handling containers).
This document does not apply to:
— rough-terrain variable-reach trucks,
— rough-terrain variable-reach trucks for handling containers,
— lorry mounted trucks covered by ISO 20297-1,
— machines designed primarily for earth-moving (e.g. loaders and dozers), even when their buckets and blades are replaced with forks,
— machines from which the load can swing freely in all directions.
This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.
For the purposes of this document, fork arms and integrated attachments are considered to be a part of the truck, whereas attachments/equipment/tools mounted on the load carrier or on the fork arms which are removable by the user are not. Nevertheless, for interchangeable equipment, which is assembled with the truck by the operator in order to change the function of, or attribute a new function to, the truck, this document does provide requirements for:
— the interface with the truck,
— protection of the operator in the normal operating position from crushing and shearing hazards,
— operating and maintenance instructions,
— load charts,
— marking,
— provision for transportation, and,
— indicator lights for attachments for lifting containers
Any regional requirements additional to the provisions of this document are addressed in EN 16307-2:2023 and ISO/TS 3691‑8.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as listed in Annex B, with the exception of the following, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur:
— during construction;
— when using trucks on public roads;
— when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres;
— when lifting persons; or
— during dismantling, disabling and scrapping.
This document does not provide requirements for:
— tools, lifting accessories or removeable attachments, which do not change the function or attribute a new function, mounted on the load carrier or fork arms;
— attachments/equipment mounted on the load carrier or on the fork arms which are removable by the user and which change the function or attribute a new function, except as stated above;
— the reliability of control systems and performance requirements for safety related parts of control systems; or
— the requirement for fitting an enclosed cab, whether pressurized or not.
Flurförderzeuge - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil 2: Motorkraftbetriebene Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Dieses Dokument enthält sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Mittel zu deren Verifizierung für in ISO 5053 1 definierte motorkraftbetriebene Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite und motorkraftbetriebene Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite für Container-Handling (nachstehend als Flurförderzeuge bezeichnet), ausgestattet mit Lastgabeln oder integralen Lasthandhabungsmitteln für übliche industrielle Anwendungen (Gabelzinken oder Lastaufnahmemittel, wie zum Beispiel Spreader, zum Umschlag von Frachtcontainern).
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für:
— geländegängige Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite,
— geländegängige Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite für den Containerumschlag,
— durch ISO 20297 1 abgedeckte Mitnehmstapler,
— hauptsächlich für Erdbauarbeiten ausgelegte Maschinen (z. B. Lader und Planierraupen), auch wenn deren Eimer und Schaufeln durch Gabeln ersetzt sind,
— Maschinen, bei denen die Last in allen Richtungen frei pendeln kann.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für Flurförderzeuge, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieser Norm hergestellt wurden.
Für die Anwendung dieses Dokuments gelten Gabelzinken und integrierte Anbaugeräte als Teile des Flurförderzeugs, wohingegen Anbaugeräte/Ausrüstungen/Werkzeuge, die auf dem Lastträger oder auf den Gabelzinken befestigt werden, die vom Anwender entfernt werden können, nicht als Teil des Flurförderzeugs gelten. Für auswechselbare Ausrüstungen, die vom Bediener in das Flurförderzeug eingebaut werden, um die Funktion des Flurförderzeugs zu ändern oder ihm eine neue Funktion zu verleihen, enthält dieses Dokument jedoch entsprechende Anforderungen für:
— die Schnittstelle mit dem Flurförderzeug,
— den Schutz des Bedieners in der normalen Bedienposition vor Gefährdungen durch Quetschen und Scheren,
— Betriebs- und Wartungsanleitungen,
— Lastdiagramme,
— Kennzeichnung,
— Vorschriften zum Transport, und
— Kontrollleuchten für Anbaugeräte zum Anheben von Containern
Regionale Anforderungen, zusätzlich zu denen in diesem Dokument aufgeführten Anforderungen, werden in EN 16307 2:2023 und ISO/TS 3691 8 behandelt.
Dieses Dokument behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen oder Gefährdungsereignisse, wie in Anhang B aufgeführt, mit Ausnahme der folgenden, die auf die betreffenden Maschinen zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter Bedingungen, die vom Hersteller als Fehlanwendungen vernünftigerweise vorhersehbar sind, verwendet werden.
Chariots de manutention - Exigences de sécurité et vérification - Partie 2: Chariots automoteurs à portée variable (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Le présent document définit les exigences de sécurité ainsi que leurs moyens de vérification pour les chariots de manutention automoteurs à portée variable et les chariots porte-conteneur à portée variable/gerbeurs à portée variable tels que définis dans l’ISO 5053‑1 (ci-après désignés chariots), équipés de fourches ou de dispositifs complets de manutention de la charge pour des activités industrielles normales (par exemple, des bras de fourche ou des moyens, tels que des palonniers pour la manutention de conteneurs).
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux:
— chariots tout-terrain à portée variable,
— chariots tout-terrain à portée variable pour la manutention de conteneurs,
— chariots embarqués sur porteurs routiers couvert par l’ISO 20297‑1,
— machines conçues principalement pour le terrassement (par exemple, les chargeuses et les bouteurs) même si leurs godets et leurs lames sont remplacés par des fourches,
— machines dont la charge peut osciller librement dans toutes les directions.
Le présent document n'est pas applicable aux chariots fabriqués avant la date de sa publication.
Pour les besoins du présent document, les bras de fourche et les accessoires intégrés sont considérées comme une partie du chariot, tandis que les accessoires/équipement/outils montés sur le tablier porte-charge ou sur les bras de fourche qui sont démontables par l'utilisateur, ne le sont pas. Toutefois, pour les équipements interchangeables, qui sont assemblés avec le chariot par l'opérateur afin de modifier la fonction ou d'attribuer une nouvelle fonction au chariot, le présent document fournit des exigences pour:
— l'interface avec le chariot,
— la protection de l'opérateur en position normale de conduite contre les phénomènes dangereux d'écrasement et de cisaillement,
— les instructions d'utilisation et de maintenance,
— les abaques de charge,
— le marquage,
— les dispositions pour le transport, et,
— les voyants lumineux pour les accessoires pour le levage des conteneurs.
Toutes les exigences régionales supplémentaires aux dispositions du présent document, sont traitées dans l’EN 16307‑2:2023 et dans l'ISO/TS 3691‑8.
Le présent document traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux, des situations dangereuses ou des événements dangereux, tels que listés dans l'Annexe B, à l'exception des suivants, relatifs aux machines concernées lorsqu'elles sont utilisées comme prévu et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation qui sont raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant.
Il n’établit pas d’exigences concernant les phénomènes dangereux qui peuvent apparaître:
— en cours de fabrication;
— lorsque les chariots sont utilisés sur des voies publiques;
— lors d’utilisation en atmosphères potentiellement explosives;
— lors du levage de personnes; ou
— lors du démontage, de la mise hors service et de la mise au rebut.
Le présent document ne fournit pas d'exigences pour:
— les outils, équipements de levage ou accessoires amovibles, qui ne changent pas la fonction ou n'attribuent pas une nouvelle fonction, montés sur le tablier porte-charge ou les bras de fourche;
— les accessoires/équipements montés sur le tablier porte-charge ou sur les bras de fourche qui sont amovibles par l'utilisateur et qui changent la fonction ou attribuent une nouvelle fonction, sauf comme indiqué ci-dessus;
— la fiabilité des systèmes de commande et les exigences de performance pour les parties des systèmes de commande liées à la sécu
Vozila za talni transport - Varnostne zahteve in preverjanje - 2. del: Vozila z lastnim pogonom s spremenljivim dosegom (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Ta dokument določa varnostne zahteve in načine za njihovo preverjanje za samognane industrijske tovorne zabojnike in kontejnerske enote za upravljanje/zlagalnike s spremenljivim dosegom, kot so opredeljeni v standardu ISO 5053-1 (nadaljevanju: vozila), opremljenih z napravami za ravnanje s tovorom za običajne industrijske naloge, npr. z vilicami ali napravami, kot so dvigalniki, za prenos zabojnikov).
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za:
– terenska vozila s spremenljivim dosegom,
– terenska vozila s spremenljivim dosegom za prenos zabojnikov,
– vozila z dvigalom in spremenljivim dosegom, zajeta v standard ISO 20297-1,
– stroji, ki so primarno zasnovani za zemeljska dela (npr. nakladalniki in buldožerji), tudi če so njihove žlice in rezila zamenjani z vilicami,
– stroji, na katerih lahko tovor prosto niha v vse smeri.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za vozila, izdelana pred datumom njegove objave.
V tem dokumentu se vilice in vgrajeni priključki štejejo za del vozila, medtem ko se priključki/oprema/orodja, nameščena na nosilec bremena ali na vilice, ki jih uporabnik lahko sname, ne štejejo za del vozila. Vseeno pa za zamenljivo opremo, ki jo na vozilo namesti upravljavec, da bi spremenil funkcionalnost vozila ali mu dodal novo funkcionalnost, v tem dokumentu niso navedene zahteve za:
– vmesnik z vozilom,
– zaščito upravljavca v normalnem položaju za upravljanje pred nevarnostjo stiskanja ali ureznin,
– navodila za upravljanje in vzdrževanje,
– diagrame obremenitve,
– označevanje,
– pogoje za prevoz in
– svetlobne indikatorje za priključke za dviganje zabojnikov.
Vse regionalne zahteve, poleg zahtev, navedenih v tem dokumentu, so obravnavane v standardih EN 16307-2:2023 in ISO/TS 3691-8.
Ta dokument opisuje vse večje nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke, kot je navedeno v dodatku B, z izjemo spodaj navedenih, v zvezi z ustreznimi stroji, kadar se ti uporabljajo v skladu s svojim namenom in pod pogoji nepravilne uporabe, ki jih je razumno predvidel proizvajalec.
Ne določa zahtev za tveganja, do katerih lahko pride:
– med gradnjo;
– pri uporabi vozil na javnih cestah;
– pri upravljanju vozil v potencialno eksplozivnih atmosferah;
– pri dvigovanju oseb; ali
– pri razstavljanju, onemogočanju in razrezovanju.
Ta dokument ne navaja zahtev za:
– orodja, dvižne pripomočke ali snemljive priključke, ki pri namestitvi na nosilec bremena ali vilice ne spremenijo svoje funkcije oziroma ne zagotavljajo nove funkcije;
– priključke/opremo, nameščeno na nosilec bremena ali na vilice, ki jih lahko odstrani uporabnik in ki spremenijo funkcijo ali zagotavljajo novo funkcijo, razen kot je navedeno zgoraj;
– zanesljivost krmilnih sistemov in zahteve glede učinkovitosti z varnostjo povezanih delov krmilnih sistemov; ali
– zahteve za namestitev zaprte kabine pod tlakom ali ne.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 3691-2:2016
SIST EN ISO 3691-2:2016/AC:2016
Vozila za talni transport - Varnostne zahteve in preverjanje - 2. del: Vozila z lastnim
pogonom s spremenljivim dosegom (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 2: Self-propelled variable-
reach trucks (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen - Sicherheitsanforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil 2:
Motorkraftbetriebene Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Chariots de manutention - Exigences de sécurité et vérification - Partie 2: Chariots
automoteurs à portée variable (ISO 3691-2:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 3691-2:2023
ICS:
53.060 Industrijski tovornjaki Industrial trucks
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 3691-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.060 Supersedes EN ISO 3691-2:2016
English Version
Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification -
Part 2: Self-propelled variable-reach trucks (ISO 3691-
2:2023)
Chariots de manutention - Exigences de sécurité et Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen -
vérification - Partie 2: Chariots automoteurs à portée Sicherheitsanforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil 2:
variable (ISO 3691-2:2023) Motorkraftbetriebene Flurförderzeuge mit
veränderlicher Reichweite (ISO 3691-2:2023)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 January 2023.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 3691-2:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 3691-2:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110
"Industrial trucks" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 150 “Industrial Trucks - Safety”
the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2023, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 3691-2:2016.
This document is intended to be used with EN 16307-2:2023.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 3691-2:2023 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 3691-2:2023 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3691-2
Second edition
2023-03
Industrial trucks — Safety
requirements and verification —
Part 2:
Self-propelled variable-reach trucks
Chariots de manutention — Exigences de sécurité et vérification —
Partie 2: Chariots automoteurs à portée variable
Reference number
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 5
4.1 General . 5
4.1.1 Overall requirements . 5
4.1.2 Normal climatic conditions . 5
4.1.3 Normal operating conditions . 6
4.1.4 Sharp edges . 6
4.1.5 Electrical requirements . 6
4.1.6 Stored energy components. 6
4.2 Starting/moving . 6
4.2.1 Unauthorized starting . 6
4.2.2 Unintended movement and inadvertent activation . 6
4.3 Brakes . 7
4.3.1 General . 7
4.3.2 Failure of energy supply . 7
4.4 Manual control actuator. 7
4.4.1 General . 7
4.4.2 Travel and braking controls . 8
4.4.3 Steering controls . 9
4.4.4 Load-handling controls . 9
4.4.5 Other controls . 9
4.4.6 Marking . . . 10
4.5 Power systems and accessories . . 10
4.5.1 Exhaust system . 10
4.5.2 Cooling system . 10
4.5.3 Fuel tanks . 10
4.5.4 Access to engine and other compartments . 10
4.5.5 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-powered trucks . 11
4.6 Systems for telescoping, lifting and tilting . 13
4.6.1 Lift chains .13
4.6.2 Hydraulic lifting, telescoping and carriage tilting . 14
4.6.3 Hydraulic systems . 14
4.6.4 Fork arms . 15
4.6.5 Fork-arm extensions . 15
4.6.6 Fork carriers.15
4.6.7 Load-handling attachments . 15
4.7 Operator positions . 16
4.7.1 Dimensions . 16
4.7.2 Operator's seat . 16
4.7.3 Operator restraint . 17
4.7.4 Operator access and egress . 17
4.7.5 Protection from road wheels and objects thrown up by the wheels . 17
4.7.6 Protection from burning . 17
4.7.7 Protection against crushing, shearing and trapping . 18
4.8 Stability . 18
4.8.1 General . 18
4.8.2 Specific operating conditions . 18
4.8.3 Longitudinal stability determination . 19
4.9 Protective devices . 19
iii
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
4.9.1 Overhead guard . 19
4.9.2 Load backrest extension . 19
4.9.3 Roll-over protective structures (ROPSs) . 19
4.9.4 Warning device . 19
4.9.5 Starter battery requirements . 20
4.10 Visibility and lighting . 20
4.10.1 Visibility . 20
4.10.2 Lighting . 20
4.11 Operator's cab . 20
4.11.1 General .20
4.11.2 Doors and windows . 20
4.11.3 Fire resistance . 21
4.11.4 Ventilation . 21
4.11.5 Heating, air conditioning and ventilation system. 21
4.11.6 Demisting and defrosting . 22
4.11.7 Pressurization system .22
4.11.8 Wipers and washers . 22
4.11.9 Access and an emergency exit . 23
4.11.10 Storage of instruction handbook . 23
4.11.11 Additional operator's position . 23
4.12 Provisions for transportation of the truck and removable attachments .23
4.13 Environmental requirements. 23
4.13.1 Noise emissions .23
4.13.2 Vibration .23
4.13.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 24
4.14 Devices for towing . 24
5 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures .24
5.1 General . 24
5.2 Structural verification . 24
5.2.1 Test loads . . 24
5.2.2 Static test . 25
5.2.3 Dynamic test . 25
5.3 Functional verification . 25
6 Information for use .26
6.1 General . 26
6.2 Instruction handbook.26
6.2.1 Truck . 26
6.2.2 Operation of truck .26
6.2.3 Details for battery-powered trucks . 27
6.2.4 Details for internal-combustion-engine-powered trucks .28
6.2.5 Service and maintenance .28
6.2.6 Transportation, commissioning and storage .28
6.2.7 Truck modification .29
6.3 Marking .29
6.3.1 Information plates .29
6.3.2 Load chart. 30
6.3.3 Information plate for trucks operating in special conditions . 32
6.3.4 Other information .33
6.3.5 Languages . 33
6.3.6 Operator restraint . 33
Annex A (informative) Rated capacity of truck .34
Annex B (informative) List of significant hazards .37
Annex C (normative) Verification of essential health and safety requirements .42
Bibliography .46
iv
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee SC 2,
Safety of powered industrial trucks, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization
(CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 150, Industrial trucks - Safety, in accordance with the Agreement
on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3691-2:2016), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— exclusions and limitations in the Scope have been clarified;
— references for European regional requirements have been updated;
— requirements defining the normal operator position necessary in order for the controls to function
have been added;
— operator weight has been updated;
— information relating to truck modification has been updated;
— verification methods have been added as a new Annex C.
A list of all parts in the ISO 3691 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or
type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of
the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of
this type-C standard.
The ISO 3691 series covers safety requirements and their verification for industrial trucks as defined in
ISO 5053-1.
This document does not repeat all the technical rules which are state-of-the-art and which are applicable
to the material used to construct the industrial truck. Reference will also need to be made to ISO 12100.
vi
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and
verification —
Part 2:
Self-propelled variable-reach trucks
1 Scope
This document gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled
industrial variable-reach trucks and variable-reach container handlers/reach stackers as defined in
ISO 5053-1 (hereafter referred to as trucks), equipped with forks or integral load-handling devices for
normal industrial duties (e.g. fork arms or means, such as spreaders, for handling containers).
This document does not apply to:
— rough-terrain variable-reach trucks,
— rough-terrain variable-reach trucks for handling containers,
— lorry mounted trucks covered by ISO 20297-1,
— machines designed primarily for earth-moving (e.g. loaders and dozers), even when their buckets
and blades are replaced with forks,
— machines from which the load can swing freely in all directions.
This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.
For the purposes of this document, fork arms and integrated attachments are considered to be a
part of the truck, whereas attachments/equipment/tools mounted on the load carrier or on the fork
arms which are removable by the user are not. Nevertheless, for interchangeable equipment, which is
assembled with the truck by the operator in order to change the function of, or attribute a new function
to, the truck, this document does provide requirements for:
— the interface with the truck,
— protection of the operator in the normal operating position from crushing and shearing hazards,
— operating and maintenance instructions,
— load charts,
— marking,
— provision for transportation, and,
— indicator lights for attachments for lifting containers
Any regional requirements additional to the provisions of this document are addressed in EN 16307-
2:2023 and ISO/TS 3691-8.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as listed in
Annex B, with the exception of the following, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended
and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur:
— during construction;
— when using trucks on public roads;
— when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres;
— when lifting persons; or
— during dismantling, disabling and scrapping.
This document does not provide requirements for:
— tools, lifting accessories or removeable attachments, which do not change the function or attribute
a new function, mounted on the load carrier or fork arms;
— attachments/equipment mounted on the load carrier or on the fork arms which are removable by
the user and which change the function or attribute a new function, except as stated above;
— the reliability of control systems and performance requirements for safety related parts of control
systems; or
— the requirement for fitting an enclosed cab, whether pressurized or not.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2328:2011, Fork-lift trucks — Hook-on type fork arms and fork arm carriages — Mounting dimensions
ISO 2330:2002, Fork-lift trucks — Fork arms — Technical characteristics and testing
ISO 2867:2011, Earth-moving machinery — Access systems
ISO 3287:1999, Powered industrial trucks — Symbols for operator controls and other displays
ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space
envelope
ISO 3795:1989, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of
burning behaviour of interior materials
ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components
ISO 5053-1:2020, Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 1: Types of industrial trucks
ISO 5053-2:2019, Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 2: Fork arms and attachments
ISO 5353:1995, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat
index point
ISO 6055:2004, Industrial trucks — Overhead guards — Specification and testing
ISO 6292:2020, Powered industrial trucks and tractors — Brake performance and component strength
ISO 10263-3:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Operator enclosure environment — Part 3: Pressurization
test method
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
ISO 10263-4:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Operator enclosure environment — Part 4: Heating,
ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) test method and performance
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13284:2022, Industrial trucks — Fork arm extensions and telescopic fork arms — Technical
characteristics and strength requirements
ISO 13564-1:2012, Powered industrial trucks — Test methods for verification of visibility — Part 1: Sit-on
and stand-on operator trucks and variable-reach trucks up to and including 10 t capacity
ISO 15870:2000, Powered industrial trucks — Safety signs and hazard pictorials — General principles
ISO 15871:2019, Industrial trucks — Specifications for indicator lights for container handling and grappler
arm operations
ISO 21281:2005, Construction and layout of pedals of self-propelled sit-down rider-controlled industrial
trucks — Rules for the construction and layout of pedals
ISO 22915-10:2008, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 10: Additional stability test for
trucks operating in the special condition of stacking with load laterally displaced by powered devices
ISO 22915-11:2011, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 11: Industrial variable-reach trucks
ISO 22915-12:2015, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 12: Industrial variable-reach
trucks handling freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer
ISO 22915-20:2008, Industrial trucks — Verification of stability — Part 20: Additional stability test for
trucks operating in the special condition of offset load, offset by utilization
ISO 24135-1:2006, Industrial trucks — Specifications and test methods for operator restraint systems —
Part 1: Lap-type seat belts
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5053-1:2020, ISO 5053-2:2019
and ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
self-propelled industrial variable-reach truck
seated-rider-operated, counterbalanced lift truck with one or more articulated arms [telescopic, non-
slewing (3.13)] used for stacking loads and for operation on smooth, level, prepared and consolidated
surfaces
3.2
actual capacity at maximum lift height with forks
maximum load, Q , in kg, specified by the manufacturer that the truck is capable of lifting to its
maximum height in normal operating conditions
Note 1 to entry: This is equal to the maximum load, with centre of gravity, G (see Figure A.1), carried on the fork
arms at the standard load centre distance, D, as specified in Annex A, and with the boom (3.7) adjusted to its
maximum height.
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
3.3
actual capacity at container position with spreader
maximum load, Q, in kg, with row, d, and height, h, specified by the manufacturer that the truck is
capable of lifting to its maximum height in normal operating conditions
3.4
axle locking
mechanism designed to stop oscillation of the rear axle so as to improve truck stability
3.5
stabilizer
extendable or pivoting mechanical supports used to improve stability of a stationary truck
3.6
lateral levelling
act of changing the angular relationship between the boom (3.7) pivot and the ground in order to adjust
the boom pivot to horizontal when the truck is standing on a side slope
Note 1 to entry: Used to ensure that the boom operates in a vertical plane.
3.7
boom
pivoting support member providing radial and telescoping (if equipped) movement of the load-engaging
means
3.8
spreader
device fitted to the boom (3.7), designed to connect the lifting points of freight containers, swap bodies
and semi-trailers
Note 1 to entry: This can include powered devices used to connect the lifting points of the load and an articulated
mechanism to facilitate engagement.
3.9
overhead guard
device fitted to the truck for the purpose of protecting the operator against falling objects
3.10
load backrest
portion of the fork carriage serving to restrain the load when the load is tilted rearward or upward
3.11
normal operating position
position in which the operator is able to control all functions for driving and load handling as specified
by the manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: Additional positions may be specified by the manufacturer if it is not possible to control all the
functions of the truck from a single position. A rotating seat or stand-up end-control truck with more than one
operating direction is considered as being or having a single operating position.
3.12
fork carrier
device fitted at the end of the boom (3.7) to connect and lock interchangeable attachments without the
use of a tool
3.13
non-slewing
having a slewing movement not greater than 5° on either side of the longitudinal axis of the truck
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
Figure 1 — Slewing movement ≤ 5° (non-slewing)
3.14
rated capacity with fork arms
load, Q , in kg, permitted by the manufacturer, that the truck type is capable of transporting and lifting
in normal operating conditions with the boom (3.7) fully retracted
Note 1 to entry: For centre of gravity, G.
Note 2 to entry: The rated capacity is used to compare the capacity of different manufacturers’ trucks and to
provide the break points used in technical standards and statistics. The operating limits for the truck are defined
by the actual capacity (3.2, 3.3).
3.15
rated capacity with spreader
load, Q , in kg, permitted by the manufacturer, that the truck type is capable of transporting and lifting
in normal operating conditions with the spreader (3.8) in the position of the first container row at
measurement d and lift height 6,5 m
Note 1 to entry: For the second container, see Figure A.2.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Overall requirements
The truck shall conform to the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause.
In addition, the truck shall be designed according to the principles of ISO 12100:2010 for relevant but
not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Normal climatic conditions
For truck operation, the following climatic conditions apply:
— average ambient temperature for continuous duty: +25 °C;
— maximum ambient temperature, short term (up to 1 h): +40 °C;
— lowest ambient temperature for trucks intended for use in normal indoor conditions: +5 °C;
— lowest ambient temperature for trucks intended for use in normal outdoor conditions: −20 °C;
— altitude: up to 2 000 m.
ISO 3691-2:2023(E)
4.1.3 Normal operating conditions
Normal operating conditions are the following:
— driving (travelling and lifting) on substantially firm, smooth, level and consolidated surfaces — the
surface conditions on which the truck is designed to operate shall be specified in the instruction
handbook (see 6.2);
— driving with the horizontal load centre of gravity approximately on the longitudinal centre plane of
the truck;
— travelling with the boom retracted and, if fork arms are fitted, with these tilted backwards and both
with and without a load, the load in the designated travel position.
If the above is not sufficient to allow the conditions for stability of a particular truck type to be specified,
then the operating conditions shall be according to the International Standards referenced for stability
in 4.8.
4.1.4 Sharp edges
There shall be no sharp edges or angles posing a hazard in the area of the operator in the normal
operating position or in the area of access and egress during normal operation and daily checks.
NOTE For guidance, see ISO 12508.
4.1.5 Electrical requirements
Electrical requirements can be subject to regional requirements. See EN 16307-2:2023 and
ISO/TS 3691-8:2019.
4.1.6 Stored energy components
Components which store energy and that would cause a risk during removal or disassembly, for example
hydraulic accumulator or spring-applied brakes, shall be provided with a means to release the energy
before removal or disassembly.
4.2 Starting/moving
4.2.1 Unauthorized starting
Trucks shall be provided with a
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