EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work - Part 1: Railway risks and common principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites
Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work - Part 1: Railway risks and common principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites
This European Standard provides requirements and measures to deal with the significant and specific railway risks during works on or in proximity of the track and with common principles for the protection of fixed and mobile work sites with trains and/or machines circulating on the working track and trains circulating on the adjacent track(s). Railway risks and protection measures for access and egress to/from the work site are considered in the same way as railway risks and protection measures for work itself.
This European Standard is applicable to all operations related to work activities on rail guided systems. Infrastructure of metro, tram and other light rail systems is excluded from the scope ).
The following specific railway risks are taken into consideration:
— Risk 1: Personnel being struck by a train or injured due to wind drag from a train on open working track (safety of the worker);
NOTE 1 Risk 1 includes injuring of a worker by machines, material or equipment being struck by a train on the working track.
— Risk 2: Personnel being struck by a train or injured due to wind drag from train on adjacent track (safety of the worker);
— Risk 3: Personnel being struck by machine or train on blocked track (safety of the worker);
— Risk 4: Machines, material or equipment being struck by a train on the adjacent track (safety of the operation/safety of the worker);
— Risk 5: Personnel being electrified or electrocuted by fixed electrical equipment (safety of the worker).
NOTE 2 Risk 5 includes hazards caused by pantographs of passing trains.
This European Standard also provides requirements to the process of installing basic preventive measures when planning new infrastructure or installing corrective measures when adapting existing infrastructure.
This European Standard may be extended to third parties when it is considered appropriate and reasonable by the infrastructure manager, if one or more of the five significant risks described inside this standard, arise as a result of their activities in proximity of the track.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Sicherungsmaßnahmen während Gleisbauarbeiten - Teil 1: Eisenbahngefährdungen und allgemeine Prinzipien zum Schutz ortsfester und ortsveränderlicher Baustellen
Diese Europäische Norm enthält Anforderungen und Maßnahmen für den Umgang mit den signifikanten und spezifischen Eisenbahngefährdungen während der Arbeiten im Gleis oder in dessen Nähe und für den Umgang mit den allgemeinen Prinzipien zum Schutz ortsfester und ortsveränderlicher Baustellen bei laufendem Bahnbetrieb und/oder Maschinen auf dem Arbeitsgleis und laufendem Bahnbetrieb auf dem (den) benachbarten Gleis(en). Die Eisenbahngefährdungen und Schutzmaßnahmen für den Zugang zur Arbeitsstelle und zum Verlassen der Arbeitsstelle werden in der gleichen Weise behandelt wie die Eisenbahngefährdungen und Schutzmaßnahmen für die Arbeiten selbst.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für alle Vorgänge im Zusammenhang mit Arbeitstätigkeiten an schienengeführten Verkehrssystemen. Die Infrastruktur von Untergrundbahn-, Straßenbahn- und anderen Stadt- und Regionalbahnsystemen ist vom Anwendungsbereich ausgenommen .
Die folgenden spezifischen Eisenbahngefährdungen werden berücksichtigt:
- Risiko 1: Personal kann auf einem nicht gesperrten Arbeitsgleis von einem Zug erfasst oder auf Grund der von einem Zug verursachten Druck-Sog-Wirkung verletzt werden (Sicherheit der Arbeiter);
ANMERKUNG 1 Das Risiko 1 umfasst auch die Verletzung eines Arbeiters durch Maschinen, Material oder Geräte, die von einem Zug auf dem Arbeitsgleis erfasst werden.
- Risiko 2: Personal kann von einem Zug auf dem benachbarten Gleis erfasst oder auf Grund der von einem Zug auf dem benachbarten Gleis verursachten Druck-Sog-Wirkung verletzt werden (Sicherheit der Arbeiter);
- Risiko 3: Personal kann von einer Maschine oder einem Zug auf dem gesperrten Gleis erfasst werden (Sicherheit der Arbeiter);
- Risiko 4: Maschinen, Materialien oder Geräte können von einem Zug auf dem benachbarten Gleis erfasst werden (Sicherheit des Bahnbetriebs/Sicherheit der Arbeiter);
- Risiko 5: Personal kann durch Stromschlag von festen elektrischen Ausrüstungen verletzt oder getötet werden (Sicherheit der Arbeiter).
ANMERKUNG 2 Das Risiko 5 umfasst auch Gefährdungen, die durch Stromabnehmer von vorbeifahrenden Zügen verursacht werden.
Diese Europäische Norm enthält auch Anforderungen an den Prozess der Umsetzung von grundlegenden Schutzmaßnahmen bei der Planung neuer Infrastruktur oder an den Prozess der Umsetzung von zusätzlichen Schutzmaßnahmen bei der Erneuerung bestehender Infrastruktur.
Wenn es vom Infrastrukturbetreiber als angemessen und begründet erachtet wird, darf diese Europäische Norm auf Dritte angewendet werden, wenn durch deren Aktivitäten in der Nähe des Gleises eines oder mehrere der in dieser Norm beschriebenen fünf signifikanten Risiken entstehen.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Protection et sécurité durant des travaux sur la voie - Partie 1: Risques ferroviaires et principes communs de protection des chantiers fixes et mobiles
La présente norme décrit les exigences et les mesures pour appréhender les risques ferroviaires significatifs et spécifiques lors de travaux sur les voies et les principes communs de protection des chantiers fixes et mobiles lorsque des trains circulent sur la voie en travaux comme sur la voie contigüe. Les risques ferroviaires et les mesures de protection lors de l'accès (entrée / sortie) au chantier sont à considérer de manière similaire.
Cette norme est applicable à toutes les opérations liées aux travaux effectués sur les systèmes ferroviaires guidés par rail à l’exception des métros, tramway et autres systèmes ferroviaires légers .
Les risques ferroviaires spécifiques suivants sont pris en compte :
- Risque 1 : Personnel heurté par un train ou mis en danger par l’effet de souffle d'un train sur une voie en travaux ouverte aux circulations (sécurité des travailleurs) ;
- Risque 2 : Personnel heurté par un train ou mis en danger par l’effet de souffle d'un train sur une voie contigüe (sécurité des travailleurs) ;
- Risque 3 : Personnel heurté par une machine ou un train de travaux sur une voie retirée à la circulation (sécurité des travailleurs) ;
- Risque 4 : Machines, matériel ou équipements heurtés par un train circulant sur la voie contigüe (sécurité des opérations/sécurité des travailleurs)
- Risque 5 : Personnel électrisé par un équipement électrique fixe (sécurité des travailleurs).
Cette norme décrit également les exigences relatives au processus de mise en place de mesures de prévention élémentaire lors de la conception d'une nouvelle infrastructure ou de mise en place de mesures correctives lors de la modification d'une infrastructure existante.
Cette norme peut être étendue à des opérations non liées aux travaux effectués sur les voies si cela est considéré comme approprié et acceptable par le gestionnaire d'infrastructure, si un ou plusieurs des cinq risques significatifs décrits dans la norme existent du fait de leurs activités à proximité de la voie.
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Zagotavljanje varnosti med delom na progi - 1. del: Tveganje in splošna načela za varovanje stalnih in mobilnih delovnih mest
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2021
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj proge - Zagotavljanje varnosti med delom na
progi - 1. del: Tveganje in splošna načela za varovanje stalnih in mobilnih delovnih
mest
Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work - Part 1: Railway
risks and common principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Sicherungsmaßnahmen während Gleisbauarbeiten - Teil
1: Eisenbahngefährdungen und allgemeine Prinzipien zum Schutz ortsfester und
ortsveränderlicher Baustellen
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Protection et sécurité durant des travaux sur la voie -
Partie 1: Risques ferroviaires et principes communs de protection des chantiers fixes et
mobiles
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021
ICS:
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 16704-1:2016+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 16704-1:2016
English Version
Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the
track during work - Part 1: Railway risks and common
principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Protection et sécurité Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Sicherungsmaßnahmen
durant des travaux sur la voie - Partie 1: Risques während Gleisbauarbeiten - Teil 1:
ferroviaires et principes communs de protection des Eisenbahngefährdungen und allgemeine Prinzipien
chantiers fixes et mobiles zum Schutz ortsfester und ortsveränderlicher
Baustellen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 September 2016 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 August
2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents page
European foreword . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Common principles . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Work done by 3rd party . 19
5 Principles of risk assessment. 19
5.1 General . 19
5.2 Decision about safety measures . 20
5.3 Lines with more than one track . 21
5.4 Supervision . 21
5.5 Documentation . 21
5.6 Consideration of human behaviour . 21
5.7 Actualization of risk assessment . 22
5.8 Remote controlled equipment of the track . 22
6 Hierarchy of Safety Measures and parameters for the five railway risks. 22
6.1 General . 22
6.2 Risk 1 – Personnel being struck by a train or injured due to wind drag on open
working track (safety of the worker) . 23
6.2.1 General . 23
6.2.2 Blocking . 24
6.2.3 Warning . 25
6.3 Risk 2 – Personnel being struck by a train or injured due to wind drag from a train on
adjacent track (safety of the worker) . 26
6.3.1 General . 26
)
6.3.2 Blocking . 28
6.3.3 Separation . 29
6.3.4 Warning . 30
6.3.5 Additional measures . 31
6.3.6 Exceptional circumstances . 32
6.4 Risk 3 – Personnel being struck by machine or rail vehicle on blocked track (safety of
the worker in the work site) . 32
6.4.1 Measures . 32
6.4.2 Process on the work site . 32
6.4.3 Organization . 33
6.5 Risk 4 – Machines, material or equipment being struck by a train on the adjacent track
(safety of the operation/safety of the worker) . 33
6.5.1 General . 33
6.5.2 Blocking (of the adjacent track) . 34
6.5.3 Separation . 34
)
6.5.4 Warning with influence on train circulation . 35
6.5.5 Additional measures . 35
6.6 Risk 5 – Personnel being affected by electric shock/electrocuted (safety of the
worker) . 35
6.6.1 General. 35
6.6.2 Measures for work near fixed electrical equipment . 35
6.6.3 Disconnection of power . 37
6.6.4 Induction . 37
6.6.5 Working procedures . 37
6.6.6 Traction returning current in rail . 38
6.6.7 Risk by broken overhead line . 38
7 Working in tunnels . 39
7.1 General. 39
7.2 Safety measures for staff working in tunnels . 40
8 Designing infrastructure . 42
8.1 General. 42
8.2 Designing new infrastructure . 42
8.3 Designing modifications of the infrastructure . 42
9 Safety documentation and information . 43
9.1 General. 43
9.2 Safety document for planning (safety plan) . 43
9.2.1 General requirements . 43
9.2.2 Necessary information for the safety document for planning . 44
9.3 Safety information for briefing . 45
9.3.1 General. 45
9.3.2 Content of safety briefing . 45
9.3.3 Traceability . 46
9.4 Access to and egress from the work site . 46
10 Use of personal protective equipment . 46
Annex A (normative) Requirements and conditions to manage safety measures . 47
A.1 Blocking . 47
A.1.1 Conditions/requirements for blocking: . 47
A.1.2 Procedure for blocking/de-blocking . 47
A.1.2.1 Procedure before starting the work . 47
A.1.2.2 Procedure after completion of the work . 48
A.2 Separation . 48
A.2.1 Risk assessment for installation/de-installation of a barrier . 48
A.2.2 Specific requirements/conditions for using barriers as a separation . 49
A.2.3 Surveillance of workers (without warning, without barrier) . 49
A.2.4 Visual demarcation line . 50
A.3 Warning . 50
A.3.1 Warning process . 50
A.3.2 Hierarchy in warning systems . 50
A.3.3 Announcement distance for approaching trains . 52
A.3.4 Type of signals. 53
A.3.5 Acoustic planning. 53
A.3.6 Working with/on (noisy) track working machines: . 55
A.3.7 Visual signalling devices . 56
A.3.8 Controlling the reaction of workers . 56
A.3.9 Specific requirements for LOWS . 57
A.3.9.1 General . 57
A.3.9.2 Chain of lookouts . 57
A.3.9.3 Transmission of the warning by radio. 57
A.4 Additional measures . 58
Annex B (normative) Parameters in risk assessment . 59
Annex C (informative) Matrix of main responsibilities . 61
Annex D (informative) Noise levels of machines . 66
Annex E (informative) Warning and remembering devices . 68
E.1 Collective warning device vs. individual warning device . 68
E.2 Combination of acoustic warning and visual signalling devices . 68
Annex F (informative) National speed limits for trains approaching work sites . 69
Annex G (informative) Functions within the process “warning” . 72
Annex H (informative) Model for safety plan on railway risks . 74
H.1 General . 74
H.2 Safety document for the railway risks 1 to 4 . 74
H.3 Decision about the safety measures . 76
H.3.1 General . 76
H.3.2 Decision about the safety measure for the working track (risk 1 and 3) . 76
H.3.2.1 Stopping distances machines . 76
H.3.2.2 Blocking (hierarchy step 1) . 76
H.3.2.3 Warning . 77
H.3.3 Decision about the safety measure for the adjacent track (risk 2 and 4) . 78
H.3.3.1 Blocking (hierarchy step 1) . 78
H.3.3.2 Separation by technical measures . 79
H.3.3.3 Warning . 79
H.3.3.4 Surveillance of workers without warning . 80
H.3.4 Safety measures for access . 80
H.3.5 Train circulation, track distance, dangerous zone . 80
H.4 Planning of the safety measures . 81
H.5 Handing out of the safety document and instructions on the site . 83
H.5.1 General . 83
H.5.2 Safety supervision . 83
H.5.3 Safety execution . 83
H.5.4 Contractor / sub-contractor(s) . 83
Annex I (informative) Guideline for the decision of blocking the working track in relation to
the use of portable equipment . 85
Annex J (informative) Process and documentation about disconnection of fixed electrical
equipment . 87
J.1 Process of the decision about disconnection of fixed electrical equipment . 87
J.2 Minimum contents for the documentation of the decision about disconnection of fixed
electrical equipment . 87
J.2.1 Information by the contractor . 87
J.2.2 Nominated person in control of the electrical equipment . 88
J.2.3 Documentation of the decision about the disconnection . 89
J.3 Documentation of disconnection/reconnection of power for work near fixed electrical
equipment . 89
J.3.1 General. 89
J.3.2 Instructions for the routeing of the document:. 89
J.3.3 Notice of working cessation . 90
Annex K (informative) Examples for the possibility of intruding into the vicinity zone of the
fixed electrical equipment . 92
Annex L (informative) Key aspects of relevant EU Directives . 93
L.1 Directive 89/391/EEC . 93
L.2 Directive 2004/49/EEC . 93
L.3 Directive 92/57/EEC . 93
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of Directive (EU) 2016/797/EC aimed to be covered . 94
Bibliography . 96
European foreword
This document (EN 16704-1:2016+A1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256
“Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes !EN 16704-1:2016".
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 August 2021.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
!This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part
of this document."
The purpose of this standard is to define a common approach to the safety of workers regarding the
railway risks in relation to work on or in proximity of the track in the European Community.
National safety rules (for example national standards or company rules) should gradually be harmonized
in line with this standard or be replaced by rules contained in this standard but according to directive
89/391/EEC it is not allowed to reduce the existing level of safety measures given by national safety
rules. The current situation, in which, national safety rules continue to play a role, should be regarded as a
transitional stage, leading ultimately to a situation in which, European rules described here after, will
apply.
This European Standard is one of the series EN 16704 “Railway applications – Track – Safety protection on
the track during work” as listed below:
— Part 1: Railway risks and common principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites
— Part 2-1: Common solutions and technology – Technical requirements for Track Warning Systems
(TWS)
— Part 2-2: Common solutions and technology – Technical requirements for barriers
— Part 3: Competences of personnel related to work on or near the railway track
!Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website."
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard provides requirements and measures to deal with the significant and specific
railway risks during works on or in proximity of the track and with common principles for the protection
of fixed and mobile work sites with trains and/or machines circulating on the working track and trains
circulating on the adjacent track(s). Railway risks and protection measures for access and egress to/from
the work site are considered in the same way as railway risks and protection measures for work itself.
This European Standard is applicable to all operations related to work activities on rail guided systems.
)
Infrastructure of metro, tram and other light rail systems is excluded from the scope .
The following specific railway risks are taken into consideration:
— Risk 1: Personnel being struck by a train or injured due to wind drag from a train on open working
track (safety of the worker);
NOTE 1 Risk 1 includes injuring of a worker by machines, material or equipment being struck by a train on the
working track.
— Risk 2: Personnel being struck by a train or injured due to wind drag from train on adjacent track
(safety of the worker);
— Risk 3: Personnel being struck by machine or train on blocked track (safety of the worker);
— Risk 4: Machines, material or equipment being struck by a train on the adjacent track (safety of the
operation/safety of the worker);
— Risk 5: Personnel being electrified or electrocuted by fixed electrical equipment (safety of the
worker).
NOTE 2 Risk 5 includes hazards caused by pantographs of passing trains.
This European Standard also provides requirements to the process of installing basic preventive
measures when planning new infrastructure or installing corrective measures when adapting existing
infrastructure.
This European Standard may be extended to third parties when it is considered appropriate and
reasonable by the infrastructure manager, if one or more of the five significant risks described inside this
standard, arise as a result of their activities in proximity of the track.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
!EN 14033-2:2017, Railway applications - Track - Railbound construction and maintenance machines -
Part 2: Technical requirements for travelling and working
EN 14033-3:2017, Railway applications - Track - Railbound construction and maintenance machines - Part
3: General safety requirements
EN 15746-2:2020, Railway applications - Track - Road-rail machines and associated equipment - Part 2:
General safety requirements
1)
See Directive 2008/57/EC.
prEN 15955:2020, Railway applications - Infrastructure - Demountable machines, trailers and associated
equipment - General safety and technical requirements for travelling and working
EN 16704-2-1:2016, Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work - Part 2-1:
Common solutions and technologies - Technical requirements for Track Warning Systems (TWS)
EN 16704-2-2:2016, Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work - Part 2-2:
Common solutions and technology - Requirements for barriers
EN 16704-3:2016, Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work - Part 3:
Competences for personnel related to work on or near tracks
prEN 50122-1:2020, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return
circuit - Part 1: Protective provisions against electric shock
EN 50110-1:2013, Operation of electrical installations - Part 1: General requirements
EN 50126-1:2017, Railway Applications - The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability,
Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) - Part 1: Generic RAMS Process
prEN ISO 20345:2020, Personal protective equipment - Safety footwear (ISO/DIS 20345:2020)
EN ISO 20471:2013, High visibility clothing - Test methods and requirements (ISO 20471:2013, Corrected
version 2013-06-01)"
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
!ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
"
3.1
accident
unplanned, uncontrolled event giving rise to death, ill health, injury or other loss to persons or damage to
material
3.2
adjacent track
track beside the working track or beside the working place where it is possible to get into the danger
zone during work
Note 1 to entry: The actual work takes place on the working track/work site near an open track and is not
planned to take place in the danger zone of the adjacent track, or the presence of the person in the danger zone of
the adjacent track is not intended.
3.3
announcement time
period between the moment the warning starts and the moment a train passes the beginning of the work
site
3.4
announcement distance
distance between the point of detection of the train and the beginning of the work site
3.5
Automatic Track Warning System
ATWS
TWS that detects approaching trains or rail vehicles by technical means (mobile technical measure)
3.6
barrier
technical solution to realize preventive separation by a set of components to separate working zone and
danger zone and to prevent workers from entering the danger zone unintentionally
3.7
blocked track
track closed for normal traffic
Note 1 to entry: Engineering trains/rail bound machines are not considered as normal traffic.
3.8
clearing time
time needed to recognize the warning, to stop the work and clear the danger zone including portable
equipment (in a normal manner/without hurrying) when a warning is given and reach a place of safety
3.9
danger
potential for injury or fatality
3.10
Danger Zone
area where a person, material or equipment can be struck by a railway vehicle or exposed to injury or
fatality due to wind drag
Note 1 to entry: The danger zone includes the working track and extends on both sides over a distance measured
from the axis of the track or the outside edges of the rail, see Figure 1. This distance is specified by national rules
and is dependent on:
— the speed of the train circulation;
— the characteristics of the rolling stock (gauge and profile).
Note 2 to entry: Danger zone in tunnels is described in 7.1 and 7.2.
Key
1 danger zone
2 measurement of the danger zone of the track axis
3 measurement of the danger zone of the outside edge of the rail
Figure 1 — Definition of the danger zone
3.11
designated competent person
person being responsible for supervising e.g. of the formal inquiry, formal investigation or local
investigation
3.12
emergency
unforeseen or unplanned event which has life-threatening or extreme loss implications and requires
immediate attention
3.13
fixed electrical equipment
electrical equipment for traction current as far as it is under the control of the infrastructure manager
Note 1 to entry: This includes the overhead line system (see Figure 2, “safe distance”), third rail, landlines and
base stations.
3.14
hazard
potential source of harm
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.2]
3.15
incident
work-related event(s) in which an injury or ill health (regardless of severity) or fatality occurred, or could
have occurred, may also be referred to as a “near-miss”, “near-hit”, “close call” or “dangerous occurrence”
[SOURCE: OHSAS 18001:2007, 3.9]
3.16
infrastructure
all systems, equipment, materials or structures, that, combined or alone, form part of the operational
railway
Note 1 to entry: Including but not limited to: the permanent way, land within the line side separation, the
installations exclusively used for operational purposes, overhead electrified lines and all other systems equipment,
materials or structures up to the boundaries of the railway site
Note 2 to entry: For further information see also 2598/70/EEC.
3.17
Infrastructure Manager
IM
any body or firm responsible in particular for establishing, managing and maintaining railway
infrastructure, including traffic management and control-command and signalling; the functions of the
infrastructure manager on a network or part of a network may be allocated to different bodies or firms
[SOURCE: 2012/34/EC, definition (2)]
3.18
lookout
person who gives warning to persons working on or near the track (observing, signalling, warning)
3.19
Lookout operated warning system
LOWS
TWS with train detection provided by a suitably qualified lookout triggering the warning
Note 1 to entry: LOWS includes hand operated TWS and chain of lookouts.
Note 2 to entry: If a warning is given solely by lookouts there is no technical component.
3.20
maintenance
combination of all technical, administrative and managerial actions during the life cycle of an item
intended to retain it in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform the required function
[SOURCE: EN 13306:2010, definition 2.1]
3.21
method statement
statement in a required format of the methods, systems, tools, plant and equipment and competence of
persons to be used in performing a particular task, for the purpose of demonstrating that safety is not
compromised or violated
Note 1 to entry: Developed following an assessment of the hazards/risk arising from undertaking the activity in
the context of the operational railway and if appropriate the location at which the activity will be undertaken.
3.22
portable equipment
portable machines, tools, devices and material designed or adapted to be worked on the track,
transportable by hand with or without trolleys or separate supports for movement on rails
3.23
processing time
time period between detection of the train (input) and giving the warning signal to the work site (output)
Note 1 to entry: The maximum processing time is a parameter of the warning process.
3.24
risk
combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, definition 3.2]
3.25
risk assessment
overall process comprising a risk analysis and a risk evaluation
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, definition 3.12]
3.26
safe distance
closest working limit where persons, tools or equipment can come near a live part of the fixed electrical
equipment without danger arising
Note 1 to entry: The safe distance is the border of the vicinity zones, see EN 50110–1. For the overhead line
)
system, see the following figure .
2)
The outer “limit” of the vicinity zone as defined in EN 50110-1, is the demarcation line of “safe distance”.
Key
1 safe distance
2 feeder
3 pantograph
Figure 2 — Illustration of the safe distance for bare live parts of overhead line, feeder and
pantograph
3.27
safety
freedom from risk which is not tolerable
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, definition 3.14]
3.28
safety margin
period of time in order to take into account reasonable unexpected events that may occur in reaching the
place of safety
3.29
separation
method to keep apart the work process on the work site and the danger zone of the adjacent track/open
track
Note 1 to entry: Separation prevents workers or machines/materials from entering unintentionally into the
danger zone.
Note 2 to entry: Measures of separation are e.g. barriers, walls, work wagons or movement limiting devices.
3.30
place of safety
area where workers are protected from the railway risks 1 to 3, see Clause 1
Note 1 to entry: A place of safety is outside the danger zone, easy and directly accessible and has a flat base with a
minimum size of 50 cm and with a sufficient height.
Note 2 to entry: National conditions for the place of safety apply.
3.31
safety plan for railway risks
document issued as a part of a safe system of work and used to control the risk associated with working
on or near the track, see Annexes H and J
Note 1 to entry: It contains details of arrangements for each work site to be taken to avoid or reduce the risks 1 to
5 (see Clause 1) identified at the risk assessment stage.
3.32
Signal Controlled Warning System
SCWS
TWS that detects approaching trains or rail vehicles by data from the signalling system
3.33
third party (3rd party)
entity and its personnel that does not belong to the organisation that controls the infrastructure or to the
direct contractor or any subcontractor and which may impair the safe railway operation or the safety of
the workers due to their activities
3.34
Track Warning Systems
TWS
system which warns people on or near the track of approaching trains or rail vehicles
Note 1 to entry: These systems may be able to influence the approaching of trains and rail vehicles. The influence
could be a stopping, passing or other function.
Note 2 to entry: The used term TWS (Track Warning System) in this standard for the protection of fixed and
mobile work sites includes the technical systems ATWS (Automatic Track Warning System) and SCWS (Signal
Controlled Warning System) and LOWS (Lookout Operated Warning System). See Figure 3 and EN 16704–2-1:2016.
Figure 3 — Overview to track warning systems
3.35
vicinity zone
limited space outside the live working zone
[SOURCE: EN 50110-1:2013, 3.3.3]
Note 1 to entry: In the vicinity zone an electrical hazard can exist.
3.36
warning
signals for the timely perception of approaching railed vehicles
3.36.1
collective warning
warning which reaches persons working on the work site independently of how they individually behave
Note 1 to entry: A “simple human misconduct” does not lead to the failure of the safeguarding system. The
concept of “simple human misconduct” does not include the situation in which system security fea
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