EN 993-5:2018
(Main)Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength
This document specifies a method of determination of the cold crushing strength of dense shaped refractory products.
Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Bestimmung der Kaltdruckfestigkeit
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Kaltdruckfestigkeit von dichten geformten feuerfesten Erzeugnissen fest.
Méthodes d'essai pour produits réfractaires façonnés denses - Partie 5: Détermination de la résistance à l'écrasement
Ce document spécifie une méthode de détermination de la résistance à l’écrasement à température ambiante des produits réfractaires façonnés denses.
Metode za preskušanje gostih oblikovanih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov - 5. del: Ugotavljanje tlačne trdnosti ob porušitvi pri sobni temperaturi
Ta del standarda EN 993 določa metodo za ugotavljanje tlačne trdnosti ob porušitvi pri sobni temperaturi gostih oblikovanih ognjevzdržnih izdelkov.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2019
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 993-5:2000
0HWRGH]DSUHVNXãDQMHJRVWLKREOLNRYDQLKRJQMHY]GUåQLKL]GHONRYGHO
8JRWDYOMDQMHWODþQHWUGQRVWLRESRUXãLWYLSULVREQLWHPSHUDWXUL
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products - Part 5: Determination of cold
crushing strength
Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Bestimmung der
Kaltdruckfestigkeit
Méthodes d'essai pour produits réfractaires façonnés denses - Partie 5: Détermination
de la résistance à l'écrasement
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 993-5:2018
ICS:
81.080 Ognjevzdržni materiali Refractories
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 993-5
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 81.080 Supersedes EN 993-5:1998
English Version
Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products -
Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength
Méthodes d'essai pour produits réfractaires façonnés Prüfverfahren für dichte geformte feuerfeste
denses - Partie 5: Détermination de la résistance à Erzeugnisse - Teil 5: Bestimmung der
l'écrasement Kaltdruckfestigkeit
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 October 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 993-5:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle . 5
5 Apparatus . 6
6 Test pieces . 6
6.1 Geometry of the test piece . 6
6.2 Number of test pieces . 7
6.3 Test piece preparation and verification . 7
7 Procedure. 7
8 Expression of results . 8
9 Test report . 8
10 Precision and bias . 9
10.1 Interlaboratory study . 9
10.2 Precision data . 9
10.2.1 Repeatability . 9
10.2.2 Reproducibilty . 9
10.2.3 Bias . 9
European foreword
This document (EN 993-5:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory
products and materials”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 993-5:1998.
Reproducibility and repeatability data are available only for a limited number of testing methods and
materials, but may be complemented in subsequent edition.
The series of standards EN 993 'Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products' consists of 20
Parts, some of which have been withdrawn and replaced by equivalent standards:
— Part 1: Determination of bulk density and porosity
— Part 2: Determination of true density
— Part 3: Test methods for carbon-containing refractories
— Part 4: Determination of permeability to gases
— Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength
— Part 6: Determination of modulus rupture, ambient temperatures
— Part 7: Determination of modulus of rupture, elevated temperatures
— Part 8: Determination of refractoriness-under-load – withdrawn – replaced by EN ISO 1893
— Part 9: Determination of creep in compression
— Part 10: Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating
— Part 11: Determination of resistance to thermal shock (ENV)
— Part 12: Determination of pyrometric cone equivalent
— Part 13: Specification for pyrometric cones
— Part 14: Determination of thermal conductivity (hot wire, cross-array) – withdrawn – replaced by
EN ISO 8894-1
— Part 15: Determination of thermal conductivity (hot wire, parallel)
— Part 16: Determination of resistance to acids
— Part 17: Determination of bulk density of granular material (mercury method)
— Part 18: Determination of bulk density of granular material (water method)
— Part 19: Determination of thermal expansion by a differential method
— Part 20: Determination of resistance to abrasion at ambient temperature – withdrawn – replaced by
EN ISO 16282
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies a method of determination of the cold crushing strength of dense shaped
refractory products.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13385-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment — Part 1:
Callipers; Design and metrological characteristics
ISO 5022, Shaped refractory products — Sampling and acceptance testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
cold crushing strength
maximum load per unit area, applied under specified conditions at room temperature, that a refractory
product will withstand before failure occurs
3.2
dense shaped refractory product
product with specific dimensions, having a true porosity of less than 45 % by volume, when measured
in accordance with EN 993-1
3.3
sample
representative collection of items that can be obtained by sampling in accordance with ISO 5022
3.4
item
refractory brick or shape
3.5
test piece
piece of material extracted from an item (3.4) and suitably shaped and prepared for the test
4 Principle
A test piece of known dimensions is subjected under specified conditions to a steadily increasing
compressive load until its failure, when it cannot support a further increase in load. The cold crushing
strength is calculated from the maximum load indicated at failure and the mean cross-sectional area
over which the load is applied.
5 Apparatus
5.1 A mechanical or hydraulic compression testing machine, fitted with a measuring device
capable of measuring the load exerted on the test piece to within ± 2 %.
−1 −1
The machine shall be capable of increasing the stress at the rate of 1,0 MPa·s ± 0,1 MPa·s , until the
test piece is unable to support the load.
The platens of the machine shall:
a) have a Rockwell hardness value between 58 HCR and 62 HCR;
b) be ground plane to a flatness tolerance of 0,03 mm over the area to be in contact with the test piece;
c) have a surface texture (mean roughness value R ) between 0,8 mm and 3,2 mm. This can be
a
checked visually or by feeling with a “mean-roughness” reference standard such as is used for flat
grinding.
The area of the upper platen shall not be greater than 100 cm , but shall have an area greater than the
cross section of the test piece. The upper platen shall work on a seating that will compensate for small
deviations from parallelism between the platens and the test piece.
A testing machine whose platens does not comply with the above requirements for size can be used in
conjunction with an ancillary adaptor, such as shown in Figure 1, placed centrally between the platens
of the machine. The platens of the adaptor shall comply with the machine platens requirements for
hardness and flatness given in this clause. They shall have a thickness of at least 10 mm.
The platens should be replaceable to allow re-machining and should not be matted.
5.2 Vernier callipers in accordance with ISO 13385-1, for measurement of test pieces (see 6.3 and
Clause 7)
5.3 Set square
5.4 Drying oven, capable of being controlled at (110 ± 5) °C
5.5 Feeler gauges
5.6 Levelling plate
5.7 Ancillary adaptor (see Figure 1) if needed (see 5.1)
6 Test pieces
6.1 Geometry of the test piece
The test pieces shall be either
a) cylinders 50 mm ± 0,5 mm in diameter and 50 mm ± 0,5 mm in height,
or
b) cubes 50 mm ± 0,5 mm in edges length.
When it is not possible to obtain this size from the test item, cylinders 36 mm ± 0,3 mm in diameter and
36 mm ± 0,3 mm in height shall be used.
It is not recommended to compare the tests results obtained using test pieces of different dimensions
6.2 Number of test pieces
At least four items form a sample. In the case of acceptance testing, the number of items forming the
sample to be tested shall be determined according to ISO 5022.
Only one test piece shall be taken from each item to be tested, unless otherwise agreed and reported
(see Clause 9).
6.3 Test piece preparation and verification
6.3.1 The test piece shall be extracted from the middle of the item, unless otherwise agreed.
When more than one test piece is taken from an item, it is recommended to include at least one test
piece taken from the centre, and one test piece adjacent to the hot face.
6.3.2 Test pieces shall be cut from the item(s) so that the load applied during testing is in the same
direction as the forming pressure during manufacture of the item, when this is known. The original
position of the test pieces in the item(s) shall be reported. Test pieces containing cracks or visible
defects shall be discarded and this shall also be reported. Both ends of the test piece shall be made plane
and parallel, grinding the surfaces where required. Water sensitive material where hydration is
expected during the time of test piece preparation and handin
...
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