CEN/TR 16557:2013
(Main)Automotive fuels - High FAME diesel fuel blends (B11 - B30) - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination
Automotive fuels - High FAME diesel fuel blends (B11 - B30) - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination
This Technical Report provides background information to the deliberations within CEN that led to establish a specification for blending from more than 10 % (V/V) up to 30 % (V/V) of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) in diesel fuel to be used in captive fleet application for designated vehicles. It gives guidance and explanations to the producers, blenders, marketers and users of high FAME diesel blends (B11 to B30).
The sole designation "Bxx" refers to a FAME-diesel blend where "xx" is the specific FAME content in volume percentage. The connotation "Byy fuel" is used in this document for a fuel with a defined range of FAME allowed and having "yy" volume percentage of FAME content as the maximum of that range.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the term “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ, respectively.
Kraftstoffe für Kraftfahrzeuge - Dieselkraftstoffmischungen mit hohem FAME-Anteil (B10 - B30) - Hintergrund zu den geforderten Parametern und deren jeweiligen Grenzwerten und Bestimmungen
Carburants pour automobiles - Mélanges de carburants diesel ayant une teneur en EMAG élevée (B11 – B30) - Contexte de l’élaboration des caractéristiques requises, de leurs déterminations et de leurs limites respectives
Goriva za motorna vozila - Mešanice z dizelskim gorivom z visoko vsebnostjo FAME (B11 - B30) - Osnove za zahtevane parametre, postavitev mejnih vrednosti in njihovo določevanje
To tehnično poročilo vsebuje dodatne o informacije obravnavah v okviru CEN, ki so vodile v določitev specifikacije za dodajanje od več kot 10 % (V/V) do vključno 30 % (V/V) metilnega estra maščobnih kislin (FAME) dizelskemu gorivu, ki se uporablja za območno omejene vozne parke za določena vozila. Zagotavlja smernice in pojasnila za proizvajalce, pripravljavce mešanic, trgovce ter uporabnike mešanic z dizelskim gorivom z visoko vsebnostjo FAME (B11 do B30). Edina oznaka »Bxx« se nanaša na mešanico metilnega estra maščobnih kislin in dizelskega goriva, pri čemer je »xx« specifična vsebnost metilnega estra maščobnih kislin v odstotku prostornine. Izraz »gorivo Byy« se v tem dokumentu uporablja za gorivo z določenim razponom dovoljene vsebnosti metilnega estra maščobnih kislin in z odstotkom prostornine »yy« vsebnosti metilnega estra maščobnih kislin kot največjo vrednostjo tega razpona.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2013
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)$0( %% 2VQRYH]D]DKWHYDQHSDUDPHWUHSRVWDYLWHYPHMQLKYUHGQRVWLLQ
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Automotive fuels - High FAME (B11 - B30) diesel fuel blends - Background to the
parameters required and their respective limits and determination
Kraftstoffe für Kraftfahrzeuge - Hochgehältige FAME (B11 - B30) Diesel
Brenstoffmischungen - Hintergrund den geforderten Parametern und ihre respectieve
Limiten und Beprüfung
Kraftstoffe für Kraftfahrzeuge - Hochgehältige FAME (B11 - B30) Diesel
Brenstoffmischungen - Hintergrund den geforderten Parametern und ihre respectieve
Limiten und Beprüfung
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16557:2013
ICS:
75.160.20 7HNRþDJRULYD Liquid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 16557
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
September 2013
ICS 75.160.20
English Version
Automotive fuels - High FAME diesel fuel blends (B11 - B30) -
Background to the parameters required and their respective
limits and determination
Carburants pour automobiles - Mélanges de carburants Kraftstoffe für Kraftfahrzeuge - Dieselkraftstoffmischungen
diesel ayant une teneur en EMAG élevée (B11 - B30) - mit hohem FAME-Anteil (B10 - B30) - Hintergrund zu den
Contexte de l'élaboration des caractéristiques requises, de geforderten Parametern und deren jeweiligen Grenzwerten
leurs déterminations et de leurs limites respectives und Bestimmungen
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 15 June 2013. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 19.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16557:2013: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Background of the High FAME diesel blends (B11 - B30) taskforce work . 5
4 Record of the work to date . 6
4.1 Context . 6
4.2 The Task Force . 6
4.3 Planning . 8
5 The feasibility study . 9
5.1 Background . 9
5.2 Parameters to be included . 10
5.3 Considerations on the parameters . 11
5.4 Dyes and markers . 18
5.5 Additives . 18
5.6 Sampling . 18
5.7 Pump marking . 18
5.8 Parameters considered and not included in the draft specification . 19
6 Conclusions . 21
7 Acknowledgement . 21
Bibliography . 22
Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 16557:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous
and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the
secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
1 Scope
This Technical Report provides background information to the deliberations within CEN that led to
establish a specification for blending from more than 10 % (V/V) up to 30 % (V/V) of fatty acid methyl
ester (FAME) in diesel fuel to be used in captive fleet application for designated vehicles. It gives
guidance and explanations to the producers, blenders, marketers and users of high FAME diesel blends
(B11 to B30).
The sole designation “Bxx” refers to a FAME-diesel blend where “xx” is the specific FAME content in
volume percentage. The connotation “Byy fuel” is used in this document for a fuel with a defined range of
FAME allowed and having “yy” volume percentage of FAME content as the maximum of that range.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the term “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent the mass
fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ, respectively.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 116:1997, Diesel and domestic heating fuels - Determination of cold filter plugging point
EN 590, Automotive fuels — Diesel — Requirements and test methods
EN 12662:2008, Liquid petroleum products - Determination of contamination in middle distillates
EN 14078:2009, Liquid petroleum products - Determination of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in
middle distillates - Infrared spectrometry method
EN 14214, Liquid petroleum products - Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for use in diesel engines and
heating applications - Requirements and test methods
EN 15195:2007, Liquid petroleum products - Determination of ignition delay and derived cetane number
(DCN) of middle distillate fuels by combustion in a constant volume chamber
EN 15751:2009, Automotive fuels - Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and blends with diesel fuel -
Determination of oxidation stability by accelerated oxidation method
EN 16091:2011, Liquid petroleum products - Middle distillates and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuels
and blends - Determination of oxidation stability by rapid small scale oxidation method
EN 16329:2013, Diesel and domestic heating fuels - Determination of cold filter plugging point - Linear
cooling bath method
EN ISO 2719:2002, Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ISO 2719:2002)
EN ISO 3104:1996, Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids - Determination of kinematic
viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:1994)
EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170)
EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids - Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171)
EN ISO 3405:2011, Petroleum products - Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric
pressure (ISO 3405:2011)
EN ISO 3675:1998, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Laboratory determination of density
- Hydrometer method (ISO 3675:1998)
EN ISO 5165:1998, Petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - Cetane
engine method (ISO 5165:1998)
EN ISO 6245:2002, Petroleum products - Determination of ash (ISO 6245:2001)
EN ISO 12185:1996, Crude petroleum and petroleum products - Determination of density - Oscillating U-
tube method (ISO 12185:1996)
EN ISO 12937:2000, Petroleum products - Determination of water - Coulometric Karl Fischer titration
method (ISO 12937:2000)
EN ISO 20846:2011, Petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels -
Ultraviolet fluorescence method (ISO 20846:2011)
EN ISO 20884:2011, Petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content of automotive fuels -
Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ISO 20884:2011)
3 Background of the High FAME diesel blends (B11 - B30) taskforce work
At the 2009 plenary meeting, CEN/TC 19 decided to register the following preliminary work item as
described in its active programme of work: Automotive fuels — High FAME diesel blends (B10 - B30) —
Requirements and test methods, under responsibility of WG 24, with the scope to finalise its feasibility
study in time to allow WG 24 to report to TC19 in order to make a final decision on activation at 2011
plenary meeting at the latest on the basis of existing related national standards and to consider and solve
the comments as presented by SUTN during the PWI ballot.
An automatic link has been established between the diesel fuel and FAME standards (EN 590 and
EN 14214 respectively) and the High FAME diesel blends standard so that modifications to one will be
coherent with the other.
Captive fleets are in general considered as a group of vehicles that possess specific supply logistics,
their own dedicated facilities for storage and distribution and adequate maintenance of the vehicles. As
the definitions are widespread around Europe and the group does not wish to contradict specific legal
situations in some countries, the technical definition of captive fleets is left to the national standardization
bodies and will be required.
The provisional scope would thus read: “This European Standard specifies requirements and test
methods for marketed and delivered high FAME (B30) fuel for use in diesel engine vehicles designed or
subsequently adapted to run on high FAME (B30) fuel. High FAME (B30) fuel is a mixture of more than
10 % (V/V) up to 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl esters (commonly known as FAME) complying to
EN 14214 and automotive diesel fuel complying to EN 590. For maintenance and control reasons it is to
be used in captive fleets that are intended to have an appropriate fuel management.”
The group agreed that the national captive fleet description requirement needed to be required in a point
in the text.
4 Record of the work to date
4.1 Context
The European Commission is following a policy of promoting renewable energy use in Europe, and to
this end is encouraging the extension of automotive diesel fuel with a proportion of renewably-sourced
fatty acid methyl ester (referred to in this document as FAME).
In order to facilitate a transparent and stable market in FAME, it is necessary to establish a higher FAME
diesel blend (B11 - B30) standard for Europe that will ensure a uniform high quality fuel for problem-free
blends from more than 10 %(V/V) up to 30 % (V/V) of FAME in Diesel fuel to be used in captive fleet
application for designated vehicles.
To this end, the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN) Technical Committee 19, responsible for
Automotive Fuels Standards, has accepted a preliminary work item on its programme to be developed in
Working Group 24, responsible for Automotive Diesel fuel management. The intention of CEN/TC 19 was
to finalise a feasibility study in time to allow WG 24 to report to the Technical Committee in order to make
a final decision on activation at 2011 plenary meeting at the latest to define a CEN standard based on
the publication of EN 14214 and EN 590, also taking into account the developments in France[1] and
Czech Republic[2]. Discussion in WG 24 had given indications that there were still test method questions
to solve and thus national initiatives were not halted.
CEN/TC 19, having considered the proposal for a preliminary new work item, as documented in N 1441
and supported by WG 24 decided to register “CEN/TR, Automotive fuels – High FAME diesel blends
(B10 - B30) - Requirements and test methods” in its active programme of work, under responsibility of
WG 24. The scope of this work to finalise the feasibility study in time to allow WG 24 to report to
CEN/TC 19 in order to make a final decision on activation at 2011 plenary meeting at the latest on the
basis of existing related national standards and to consider and solve the comments as presented by
SUTN during the ballot. The Task Force B30 was created.
The idea of CEN/TC 19 was that the standard should specify requirements and test methods for
marketed and delivered high FAME (B30) fuel for use in diesel engine vehicles
...
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