EN 12331:2015
(Main)Food processing machinery - Mincing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
Food processing machinery - Mincing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements
1.1 This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and manufacture of mincing machines (see Figures 1a and 1b) used in a stationary position.
The machines covered by this European Standard are used for size reduction of fresh or frozen meat, meat products and fish (hereinafter referred to as product) by cutting in a set of cutting tools.
Mincing machines for domestic uses are not included in this European Standard. Filling mincers are covered by EN 12463 “Food processing machinery – Filling machines and auxiliary machines – Safety and hygiene requirements”.
This European Standard applies only to machines that are manufactured after the date of issue of this European Standard.
Mincing machines in connection with using a hold-to-run foot switch are not covered by this European Standard.
This European Standard covers:
- mincing machines used in shops and preparation rooms;
- mincing machines used in kitchens where sausages are prepared;
- mincing machines used industrially;
- accessories.
The extent to which hazards are covered, is indicated in this European Standard. For other hazards which are not covered by this European Standard, machinery should comply with EN ISO 12100:2010 where applicable.
This European Standard is not dealing with specific requirements for the control of mincing machines with foot switch.
1.2 This European Standard covers the following types:
- mincing machine with feed tray, feed intake and pusher, diameter ≤ 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 3);
- mincing machine with feed tray, feed intake, restrictor plate and pusher, diameter > 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 4);
- mincing machine with feed intake hopper and cover, screw conveyor, with 1) or without mixing screw in feed intake hopper (see Figure 5);
- mincing machine with feed intake hopper, with or without cover, screw conveyor, with ) or without mixing screw in the feed intake hopper, with loading device (continuously or discontinuously).
Mincing machines comprise a machine base, a worm casing with a worm, a feed tray (with feed intake) or a feed intake hopper, a screw conveyor (and sometimes an additional mixing screw in the feed intake hopper), a set of cutting tools, a lock nut, a loading device, a drive motor and – depending on machine type – electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components. They will also have various safeguarding devices as examples in Clause 5.
Mincing machines may be equipped e.g. with
- an extraction claw,
- an ejector or extractor,
- a protective hood over the discharge outlet,
- a cover over the inlet opening of the feed intake hopper,
- a transport carriage for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor,
- a lifting device for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor,
- a loading device.
1.3 Intended use
The product is fed manually or by means of the loading device into the mincing machine. The product is fed to the worm either by means of a pusher or a screw conveyor and size reduced in the set of cutting tools.
It is not intended that mincing machines are cleaned with pressurized water. However, it is to be foreseen that it is difficult to guarantee that this method will never be used in practice. In order to deal with this eventuality, the requirements of 5.3.4 should apply.
This European Standard specifies all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to mincing machines, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This European Standard specifies the hazards which can arise during commissioning, operation, cleaning, use, maintenance and decommissioning of the machine.
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Wölfe - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen
1.1 Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Herstellung von Wölfen (siehe Bilder 1a und 1b), die stationär betrieben werden, fest.
Die von dieser Norm erfassten Maschinen werden für die Zerkleinerung von frischem oder gefrorenem Fleisch, Fleischprodukten und Fisch durch Zerschneiden in einem Schneidsatz verwendet.
Wölfe für den Hausgebrauch werden von dieser Norm nicht abgedeckt. Füllwölfe werden in EN 12463 „Nahrungsmittelmaschinen — Füllmaschinen und Vorsatzmaschinen — Sicherheits und Hygiene¬anforde-rungen“ behandelt.
Diese Norm gilt nur für Maschinen, die nach dem Ausgabedatum dieser Norm hergestellt werden.
Wölfe mit einem Fußschalter mit selbstständiger Rückstellung werden in dieser Norm nicht behandelt.
Die Europäische Norm behandelt:
Fleischwölfe für Läden und Vorbereitungsräume;
Fleischwölfe in Wurstküchen;
Fleischwölfe für den industriellen Einsatz;
Zubehör.
In welchem Maße Gefährdungen abgedeckt sind, wird in dieser Europäischen Norm aufgeführt. In Bezug auf andere Gefährdungen, die nicht in dieser Europäischen Norm behandelt werden, müssen die Maschinen, sofern zutreffend, die Anforderungen nach EN ISO 12100 erfüllen.
Diese Europäische Norm enthält keine speziellen Anforderungen für Wölfe, die über einen Fußschalter gesteuert werden.
1.2 Diese Norm umfasst folgende Bauarten:
Wolf mit Schale, Einfüllschacht und Stopfer, Durchmesser 52 mm am Einfüllschacht (siehe Bild 3),
Wolf mit Schale, Einfüllschacht, Schutzplatte und Stopfer, Durchmesser 52 mm am Einfüllschacht (siehe Bilder 4a und 4b),
Wolf mit Einfülltrog und Deckel, TransportschneckeArbeitsschnecke, mit1) oder ohne Mengwelle im Einfülltrog (siehe Bild 5),
Wolf mit Einfülltrog, mit oder ohne Deckel, Transportschnecke, mit ) oder ohne Mengwelle im Einfülltrog, mit Beschickungseinrichtung (kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich).
Wölfe bestehen aus einem Maschinenständer, einem Schneckengehäuse mit Arbeitsschnecke, einer Einfüllschale oder einem Einfülltrog, einer Transportschnecke (und manchmal einer zusätzlichen Mengwelle im Einfülltrog), einem Satz Schneidwerkzeuge, einer Überwurfmutter, einer Beschickungseinrichtung, einem oder mehreren Antriebsmotoren und — abhängig von der Maschinenart — aus elektrischen, hydraulischen und pneumatischen Elementen. Sie besitzen auch verschiedene Schutzeinrichtungen, wie in Abschnitt 5 beispielhaft erläutert.
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Hachoirs - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygiène
1.1 La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions relatives à la conception et à la fabrication des hachoirs (voir Figures 1a et 1b) utilisés en position fixe.
Les machines couvertes par la présente Norme européenne sont utilisées pour hacher de la viande fraîche ou congelée, des produits à base de viande et du poisson (désigné comme produit ci-après), la coupe étant effectuée dans un ensemble de coupe.
Les hachoirs à usage domestique ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne. Les poussoirs sont couverts par l’EN 12463 « Machines pour les produits alimentaires — Poussoirs et machines auxiliaires — Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l’hygiène ».
La présente norme Européenne ne s’applique qu’aux machines fabriquées après sa date de publication.
Les hachoirs utilisant un interrupteur à pied à action maintenue ne sont pas couverts par la présente norme Européenne.
La présente Norme européenne couvre :
- les hachoirs utilisés dans les magasins et les laboratoires ;
- les hachoirs utilisés dans les cuisines pour la préparation des saucissons ;
- les hachoirs industriels ;
- les accessoires.
L'étendue des phénomènes dangereux couverts est indiquée dans la présente Norme européenne. Pour les autres phénomènes dangereux qui ne sont pas couverts par la présente Norme européenne, il convient que les machines soient être conformes à l'EN ISO 12100:2010 lorsqu'elle s'applique.
La présente Norme européenne ne traite pas des prescriptions spécifiques pour le contrôle des hachoirs utilisant un interrupteur à pied.
1.2 La présente Norme européenne couvre les types de machines suivants :
- hachoir avec plateau d'alimentation, goulotte d'alimentation et poussoir, diamètre de la goulotte d'alimentation 52 mm (voir Figure 3) ;
- hachoir avec plateau d'alimentation, goulotte d'alimentation, plaque protectrice et poussoir, diamètre de la goulotte d'alimentation > 52 mm (voir Figure 4) ;
- hachoir avec trémie d'alimentation et couvercle, hélice transporteuse, avec ) ou sans vis mélangeuse dans la trémie d'alimentation (voir Figure 5) ;
- hachoir avec trémie d'alimentation, avec ou sans couvercle, hélice transporteuse, avec1) ou sans vis mélangeuse dans la trémie d'alimentation, avec dispositif de chargement (en continu ou en discontinu).
Les hachoirs comprennent un socle, un corps avec vis d'acheminement, un plateau d'alimentation (avec goulotte d'alimentation) ou une trémie d'alimentation, une hélice transporteuse (et quelques fois une vis mélangeuse additionnelle dans la trémie d’alimentation), un ensemble de coupe, un écrou de corps, un dispositif de chargement, un système d'entraînement et, suivant le type de machine, des éléments électriques, hydrauliques et pneumatiques. Ils comprennent également plusieurs dispositifs de sécurité donnés en exemple à l’article 5.
Stroji za predelavo hrane - Stroji za mletje mesa - Varnostne in higienske zahteve
1.1 Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za načrtovanje in izdelavo strojev za mletje mesa (glej sliki 1a in 1b), ki se uporabljajo na stalnem mestu.
Stroji, ki jih zajema ta evropski standard, se uporabljajo za zmanjšanje velikosti svežega ali zmrznjenega mesa, mesnih izdelkov in rib z rezanjem z garnituro rezalnega orodja.
Ta evropski standard ne vključuje strojev za mletje mesa za domačo uporabo. Polnilne stroje za mletje mesa zajema EN 12463 »Stroji za predelavo hrane – Polnilniki in pomožni stroji – Varnostne in higienske zahteve«.
Ta evropski standard velja samo za stroje, ki so bili izdelani po datumu objave tega evropskega standarda.
Ta evropski standard ne zajema strojev za mletje mesa v povezavi z uporabo pridržitvenega nožnega stikala.
Ta evropski standard zajema:
– stroje za mletje mesa, ki se uporabljajo v trgovinah in pripravljalnicah;
– stroje za mletje mesa, ki se uporabljajo v kuhinjah za pripravo klobas in salam;
– stroje za mletje mesa za industrijsko uporabo;
– pomožne pripomočke.
Ta evropski standard določa obseg kritja nevarnosti. Kar zadeva druge nevarnosti, ki jih ta evropski standard ne zajema, naj bi bili stroji v skladu s standardom EN ISO 12100, kjer je to primerno.
Ta evropski standard ne obravnava posebnih zahtev za krmiljenje strojev za mletje mesa z nožnim stikalom.
1.2 Ta evropski standard zajema naslednje vrste:
– stroj za mletje mesa s pladnjem, polnilno odprtino in potisnim nastavkom (premer polnilne odprtine <= 52 mm (glej sliko 3));
– stroj za mletje mesa s pladnjem, polnilno odprtino, omejevalno ploščo in potisnim nastavkom (premer polnilne odprtine > 52 mm (glej sliko 4));
– stroj za mletje mesa s polnilnim lijakom in pokrovom, polžnim transporterjem, z 1) mešalnim polžem v polnilnem lijaku ali brez njega (glej sliko 5);
– stroj za mletje mesa s polnilnim lijakom, s pokrovom ali brez njega, s polžnim transporterjem, z 1) mešalnim polžem v polnilnem lijaku ali brez njega, z nalagalnikom (zvezno ali nezvezno nalaganje).
Stroji za mletje mesa so sestavljeni iz podstavka stroja, ohišja polža s polžem, polnilnega pladnja ali lijaka, polžnega transporterja (včasih je vključen dodatni mešalni polž v polnilnem lijaku), garniture rezalnega orodja, blokirne matice, nalagalnika, pogonskega motorja ter (odvisno od vrste stroja) električnih, hidravličnih in pnevmatskih sestavnih delov. Vključujejo tudi različne varnostne naprave kot primere v točki 5.
Stroji za mletje lahko na primer vključujejo naslednje dele opreme:
– podaljševalno roko;
– ejektor ali ekstraktor;
– zaščitni pokrov prek odvodne odprtine;
– pokrov prek dovodne odprtine polnilnega lijaka;
– transportni nosilec za blokirno matico, garnituro orodja, polž in polžni transporter;
– dvižno napravo za blokirno matico, nabor orodij, polž in polžni transporter;
– nalagalnik.
1.3 Predvidena uporaba
Sveže ali zmrznjeno meso, mesni izdelki ali ribe se v stroj za mletje mesa nalagajo ročno ali prek nalagalnika. Proizvod se nalaga na polža prek potisnega nastavka ali polžnega transporterja, njegova velikost pa se zmanjša z garnituro rezalnega orodja.
Stroji za mletje mesa niso namenjeni za čiščenje z vodnim curkom pod tlakom. Vendar je treba predvideti, da ni mogoče zagotoviti, da ta metoda v praksi ne bo nikoli uporabljena. Za obravnavo te možnosti naj bi se upoštevale zahteve iz točke 5.3.3.2.
Ta evropski standard določa vse velike nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in primere, povezane s stroji za mletje mesa, kadar se ti uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec (glejte točko 4).
Ta evropski standard določa nevarnosti, do katerih lahko pride pri začetku uporabe, delovanju, čiščenju, uporabi, vzdrževanju in izločitvi stroja iz uporabe.
1) V tem primeru naj bi se upoštevala določila standarda EN 13570.
General Information
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Publication Date
- 08-Sep-2015
- Withdrawal Date
- 13-Apr-2025
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 153 - Food processing machinery - Safety and hygiene specifications
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 153/WG 2 - Meat processing machinery
- Current Stage
- 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
- Start Date
- 11-Aug-2021
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
Relations
- Effective Date
- 28-Dec-2011
- Replaced By
EN 12331:2021 - Food processing machinery - Mincing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements - Effective Date
- 08-Jun-2022
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 12331:2015 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Food processing machinery - Mincing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements". This standard covers: 1.1 This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and manufacture of mincing machines (see Figures 1a and 1b) used in a stationary position. The machines covered by this European Standard are used for size reduction of fresh or frozen meat, meat products and fish (hereinafter referred to as product) by cutting in a set of cutting tools. Mincing machines for domestic uses are not included in this European Standard. Filling mincers are covered by EN 12463 “Food processing machinery – Filling machines and auxiliary machines – Safety and hygiene requirements”. This European Standard applies only to machines that are manufactured after the date of issue of this European Standard. Mincing machines in connection with using a hold-to-run foot switch are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard covers: - mincing machines used in shops and preparation rooms; - mincing machines used in kitchens where sausages are prepared; - mincing machines used industrially; - accessories. The extent to which hazards are covered, is indicated in this European Standard. For other hazards which are not covered by this European Standard, machinery should comply with EN ISO 12100:2010 where applicable. This European Standard is not dealing with specific requirements for the control of mincing machines with foot switch. 1.2 This European Standard covers the following types: - mincing machine with feed tray, feed intake and pusher, diameter ≤ 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 3); - mincing machine with feed tray, feed intake, restrictor plate and pusher, diameter > 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 4); - mincing machine with feed intake hopper and cover, screw conveyor, with 1) or without mixing screw in feed intake hopper (see Figure 5); - mincing machine with feed intake hopper, with or without cover, screw conveyor, with ) or without mixing screw in the feed intake hopper, with loading device (continuously or discontinuously). Mincing machines comprise a machine base, a worm casing with a worm, a feed tray (with feed intake) or a feed intake hopper, a screw conveyor (and sometimes an additional mixing screw in the feed intake hopper), a set of cutting tools, a lock nut, a loading device, a drive motor and – depending on machine type – electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components. They will also have various safeguarding devices as examples in Clause 5. Mincing machines may be equipped e.g. with - an extraction claw, - an ejector or extractor, - a protective hood over the discharge outlet, - a cover over the inlet opening of the feed intake hopper, - a transport carriage for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor, - a lifting device for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor, - a loading device. 1.3 Intended use The product is fed manually or by means of the loading device into the mincing machine. The product is fed to the worm either by means of a pusher or a screw conveyor and size reduced in the set of cutting tools. It is not intended that mincing machines are cleaned with pressurized water. However, it is to be foreseen that it is difficult to guarantee that this method will never be used in practice. In order to deal with this eventuality, the requirements of 5.3.4 should apply. This European Standard specifies all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to mincing machines, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard specifies the hazards which can arise during commissioning, operation, cleaning, use, maintenance and decommissioning of the machine.
1.1 This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and manufacture of mincing machines (see Figures 1a and 1b) used in a stationary position. The machines covered by this European Standard are used for size reduction of fresh or frozen meat, meat products and fish (hereinafter referred to as product) by cutting in a set of cutting tools. Mincing machines for domestic uses are not included in this European Standard. Filling mincers are covered by EN 12463 “Food processing machinery – Filling machines and auxiliary machines – Safety and hygiene requirements”. This European Standard applies only to machines that are manufactured after the date of issue of this European Standard. Mincing machines in connection with using a hold-to-run foot switch are not covered by this European Standard. This European Standard covers: - mincing machines used in shops and preparation rooms; - mincing machines used in kitchens where sausages are prepared; - mincing machines used industrially; - accessories. The extent to which hazards are covered, is indicated in this European Standard. For other hazards which are not covered by this European Standard, machinery should comply with EN ISO 12100:2010 where applicable. This European Standard is not dealing with specific requirements for the control of mincing machines with foot switch. 1.2 This European Standard covers the following types: - mincing machine with feed tray, feed intake and pusher, diameter ≤ 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 3); - mincing machine with feed tray, feed intake, restrictor plate and pusher, diameter > 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 4); - mincing machine with feed intake hopper and cover, screw conveyor, with 1) or without mixing screw in feed intake hopper (see Figure 5); - mincing machine with feed intake hopper, with or without cover, screw conveyor, with ) or without mixing screw in the feed intake hopper, with loading device (continuously or discontinuously). Mincing machines comprise a machine base, a worm casing with a worm, a feed tray (with feed intake) or a feed intake hopper, a screw conveyor (and sometimes an additional mixing screw in the feed intake hopper), a set of cutting tools, a lock nut, a loading device, a drive motor and – depending on machine type – electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components. They will also have various safeguarding devices as examples in Clause 5. Mincing machines may be equipped e.g. with - an extraction claw, - an ejector or extractor, - a protective hood over the discharge outlet, - a cover over the inlet opening of the feed intake hopper, - a transport carriage for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor, - a lifting device for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor, - a loading device. 1.3 Intended use The product is fed manually or by means of the loading device into the mincing machine. The product is fed to the worm either by means of a pusher or a screw conveyor and size reduced in the set of cutting tools. It is not intended that mincing machines are cleaned with pressurized water. However, it is to be foreseen that it is difficult to guarantee that this method will never be used in practice. In order to deal with this eventuality, the requirements of 5.3.4 should apply. This European Standard specifies all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to mincing machines, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard specifies the hazards which can arise during commissioning, operation, cleaning, use, maintenance and decommissioning of the machine.
EN 12331:2015 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 67.260 - Plants and equipment for the food industry. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 12331:2015 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 12331:2003+A2:2010, EN 12331:2021. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 12331:2015 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Stroji za predelavo hrane - Stroji za mletje mesa - Varnostne in higienske zahteveNahrungsmittelmaschinen - Wölfe - Sicherheits- und HygieneanforderungenMachines pour les produits alimentaires - Hachoirs - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygièneFood processing machinery - Mincing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements67.260Tovarne in oprema za živilsko industrijoPlants and equipment for the food industryICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12331:2015SIST EN 12331:2015en,fr,de01-november-2015SIST EN 12331:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12331:2004+A2:20101DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12331
September
t r s w ICS
x yä t x r Supersedes EN
s t u u sã t r r u ªA tã t r s rEnglish Version
Food processing machinery æ Mincing machines æ Safety and hygiene requirements Machines pour les produits alimentaires æ Hachoirs æ Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l 5hygiène
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen æ Wölfe æ Sicherheitsæ und Hygieneanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s August
t r s wä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
t r s w CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s t u u sã t r s w ESIST EN 12331:2015
Noise test code for mincing machines (grade 2) . 34 A.1 Emission sound pressure level determination . 34 SIST EN 12331:2015
Design principles to ensure cleanability of mincing machines . 36 B.1 Definition . 36 B.2 Materials . 36 B.2.1 General . 36 B.2.2 Type of materials . 37 B.3 Design . 37 B.3.1 General . 37 B.3.2 Food area . 37 B.3.3 Splash area . 38 B.3.4 Non-food area . 40 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 41 Bibliography . 42
¶ 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 3); — mincing machine with feed tray, feed intake, restrictor plate and pusher, diameter > 52 mm on feed intake (see Figure 4); — mincing machine with feed intake hopper and cover, screw conveyor, with 1) or without mixing screw in feed intake hopper (see Figure 5); — mincing machine with feed intake hopper, with or without cover, screw conveyor, with1) or without mixing screw in the feed intake hopper, with loading device (continuously or discontinuously). Mincing machines comprise a machine base, a worm casing with a worm, a feed tray (with feed intake) or a feed intake hopper, a screw conveyor (and sometimes an additional mixing screw in the feed intake hopper), a set of cutting tools, a lock nut, a loading device, a drive motor and – depending on machine type – electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic components. They will also have various safeguarding devices as examples in Clause 5.
1) In this case, EN 13570 should be taken into consideration. SIST EN 12331:2015
a) Mincing machine with feed tray and restrictor plate b) Mincing machine with feed intake hopper, cover and screw conveyor Key 1 lock nut 6 feed intake 11 feed intake hopper 15 lock nut 2 hole plate 7 pusher 12 screw conveyor 16 protective hood 3 blade 8 restrictor plate 13 cover 17 worm 4 worm 9 feed tray 14 on-/off-switch with protective hood 18 machine rack 5 worm casing 10 on-/off-switch
Figure 1 — Arrangement of a mincing machine Mincing machines may be equipped e.g. with — an extraction claw, — an ejector or extractor, — a protective hood over the discharge outlet, — a cover over the inlet opening of the feed intake hopper, — a transport carriage for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor, — a lifting device for the lock nut, the set of cutting tools, the worm and the screw conveyor, — a loading device. 1.3 Intended use The product is fed manually or by means of the loading device into the mincing machine. The product is fed to the worm either by means of a pusher or a screw conveyor and size reduced in the set of cutting tools. It is not intended that mincing machines are cleaned with pressurized water. However, it is to be foreseen that it is difficult to guarantee that this method will never be used in practice. In order to deal with this eventuality, the requirements of 5.3.4 should apply. SIST EN 12331:2015
a) Mincing machine with feed intake b) Mincing machine with feed intake hopper Key 1 zone 1 4 zone 4 7 zone 7 2 zone 2 5 zone 5 8 zone 8 3 zone 3 6 zone 6 9 zone 9
10 zone 10 Figure 2 — Danger zones SIST EN 12331:2015
L
· 100 mm on mincing machines with intake diameter D
¶ 46 mm;
L
· 120 mm on mincing machines with intake diameter 46 mm < D
¶ 52 mm. SIST EN 12331:2015
a) Fixed feed tray b) Removable feed tray c) Removable feed tray Figure 3 — Feed intake without restrictor plate — Safety dimensions On mincing machines with a removable feed tray, the dimensions specified on the feed intake shall be adhered to even when the feed tray has been removed (see Figure 3b) and Figure 3c)). If the dimensions specified are not complied with, the feed tray shall be interlocked. The interlocking system of the removable feed tray shall comply with 5.2.1 and the safety-related parts of the control system shall present at least a Performance Level “d” defined with an MTTFd “high” in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008. A pusher shall be supplied with the machine (see Figure 1a)). On mincing machines with a feed intake with diameter > 52 mm, a restrictor plate shall be provided. Mounting of a fixed restrictor plate shall be in accordance with EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.27.1 (see also EN 953:1997+A1:2009, 3.2 and 6.4.2). If the restrictor plate is removable, it shall be provided with an interlocking device. Openings in the restrictor plate shall have a diameter
¶ 52 mm. The interlocking system of the removable restrictor plate shall comply with 5.2.1 and the safety-related parts of the control system shall present at least a Performance Level “d” defined with an MTTFd “high” in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008. The dimensions and arrangement of the restrictor plate shall be in accordance with Figure 4a) and Figure 4b). When the mincing machine is running empty, the worm shall come to a standstill within 2 s after removal of, in one case the removable feed tray, or in the other case, the removable restrictor plate. The distance H (feed tray to lower edge of restrictor plate) shall be
¶ 40 mm based on an assumed metacarpus diameter of 40 mm. The projection Ü
40 mm (see Figure 4a)). The safety distance L1 results from the dimension L = 230 mm (length of hand to wrist) + dimension x. Dimension x results from dimensions Ü (projection), distance H1 (feed tray to lower edge of restrictor plate) and F Î (feed intake diameter) with an assumed forearm and wrist diameter of 40 mm. Distance H1 (feed tray to lower edge of restrictor pl 120 mm, and projection Ü (outer edge of restrictor plate to feed intake edge) shall be
· 40 mm (see Figure 4b)). SIST EN 12331:2015
a) Safety dimensions for middle hand and fingers b) Safety dimensions for forearm and hand Key 1 middle hand 3 forearm 2 finger 4 hand H
¶ 40 mm H
= 40 mm L
· 120 mm H1
¶ 120 mm Ü
· 40 mm L
· 230 mm D
¶ 52 mm Ü
· 40 mm F
¶ 85 mm D
¶ 52 mm
F
¶ 200 mm Figure 4 — Feed intake with restrictor plate 5.2.3 Zone 2 – Measures at mincing machines with feed intake hopper and screw conveyor 5.2.3.1 General Access to the danger zones at the screw conveyor in the feed intake hopper shall be prevented or made safe. This may be achieved by one of the following measures: — the design (e.g. closed feed intake hoppers) including a closed loading device for products (e.g. feed screw, pipeline with pump) (see 5.2.3.2); — the use of guards (e.g. a cover), see EN 953:1997+A1:2009 (see 5.2.3.3); — the use of electro-sensitive protective devices (e.g. light barrier), see EN ISO 12100:2010 (see 5.2.3.4); — the use of fixed guards (e.g. fence), see EN 953:1997+A1:2009 (see 5.2.8.2.4); — the use of adequate safety distances, design and additional measures (see 5.2.3.4.2). SIST EN 12331:2015
Key 1 interlocked cover, opening distance Figure 5 — Mincing machine with feed intake hopper and cover — Safety dimensions 5.2.3.4 Design with additional measures on feed intake hopper 5.2.3.4.1 General On mincing machines which cannot use an interlocked cover or a light barrier because they would be interrupted by continuous working, the following measures are necessary: 5.2.3.4.2 Safety distances The design dimension (see 3.13), measured from the floor (standing area), shall be
· 2 250 mm. This is only possible in connection with additional measures in 5.2.3.4.3. There the distance from floor to upper edge of mechanical bar or light barrier shall be H1 > 1 600 mm. The distance from the standing area, from steps, and platforms up to the hopper edge shall be > 1 100 mm (see Figure 7). SIST EN 12331:2015
· 500 mm and a length
· 400 mm and a toe rail of a height of 15 mm. If the standing area is < 500 mm above groundá an area of a width
· 400 mm and a length
· 350 mm is sufficient. The standing area shall be of the non-slip type. Platforms shall have an accessible area of a width B
· 500 mm. The length of the platform shall correspond to the length of the hopper (see Figures 6 and 7). Platforms which are located > 500 mm above ground shall be fitted with safety devices to prevent falls. Intermediate steps, stairs or ladders and grab handles shall be provided if the step-up height to the step or to the platform is > 500 mm. The standing areas and treads shall be sufficiently large and of the non-slip type and arranged at identical distances from one another. The standing area of the intermediate step shall have a width of
· 300 mm and a length of
· 200 mm. Treads of ladders shall have a length of
· 500 mm and a width of
· 80 mm. A ladder shall be arranged at an angle of < 70° to the horizontal. SIST EN 12331:2015
Key 1 mechanical trip bar 2 interlocked step
H1
· 1 600 mm H2
· 1 100 mm H3
· 500 mm with intermediate step H1 + D1 + E
· 2 250 mm H3 + H2 + D1 + E1
· 2 250 mm Figure 6 — Mincing machine with open feed intake hopper, mechanical trip bar, light barrier and interlocked step at the operator side — Safety dimensions b) Mechanical trip bar/light barrier or movable protective grid at hopper edge, running round all sides At the hopper edge there shall be at all sides a mechanical trip bar, or a light barrier, or a protective grid with a trip function (see Figures 6 and 7). The design dimension from the standing area (floor or fixed step or fixed platform) across the upper edge of the protection equipment at the hopper edge up to the next hazard point in the hopper shall be > 2 250 mm. The dangerous equipment in the hopper shall, if the mincing machines is running empty, come to a standstill within 3 s by using hole plates < 160 mm Ø and 4 s by using hole plates
· 160 mm Ø. The interlocking of the mechanical trip bar or the movable protective grid shall comply with 5.2.1, and the safety-related parts of the control system shall present at least a Performance Level “c” defined in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008. The design of the light barrier shall be in accordance with ESPE type 2 of EN 61496-1. SIST EN 12331:2015
Key Key 1 light barrier or movable protective grid 1 protective hood 2 platform fixed
H1
· 1 600 mm
L1
· 1,8 x D H2
· 1 100 mm
L2
· 1,2 x D H3
· 500 mm with intermediate step
U
¶ 50 mm H4
· 1 600 mm
H1 + D + E
· 2 250 mm
H4 + D1 + E1
· 2 250 mm
Figure 7 — Mincing machine with open feed intake hopper, protective grid and fixed step at the operator side — Safety dimensions Figure 8 — Discharge outlet on mincing machines — Protective hood 5.2.4 Zone 3 – Discharge outlet on mincing machines 5.2.4.1 General The access to the danger zone on the blade behind the last plate at the outlet side shall be protected or prevented. This may be achieved by one of the following measures: — the design of the plate (see 5.2.4.2); — using a guard, e.g. protective hood (see 5.2.4.3). 5.2.4.2 Design of the plate The diameter of the holes in the last plate towards the outlet shall be
¶ 8 mm. The thickness of the last plate shall be
· 5 mm. SIST EN 12331:2015
· 1,8 × D (D = diameter of the hole plate in mm) and a lateral projecting length of L2
· 1,2 × D. The manufacturer has to indicate in the instruction handbook, that the distance U between the transport carriage or the container and the protective hood shall be
¶ 50 mm (see Figure 8). The knife shall come to a standstill within 2 s after opening the protective hood by 50 mm at the point of maximum movement. The protective hood shall be interlocked. The interlocking of the movable protective hood shall comply with 5.2.1 and the safety-related parts of the control system shall present at least a Performance Level “c” defined in accordance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008. 5.2.5 Zone 4 – Removal of worm and set of cutting tools 5.2.5.1 Prevention of starting / functioning during removal of worm and cutting tools Provisions shall be made for preventing starting or functioning of the machine during removal of the worm and / or the set of cutting tools. Acceptable solutions are for example one of the following: — a protective hood according to 5.2.4.3. This solution can also be used for machines with plates with holes < 8 mm; — interlocking of the end holes plate with the drive of the cutting tools (interlocking see 5.2.4.3); — mechanical interlocking of the end holes plate with the drive of the cutting tools (causing declutching when the end holes plate is removed from its housing). In case one of the last two options is adopted particular attention shall be given to the reliability of the interlocking, taking account of possible malfunctioning by the presence of product. NOTE The combined use of hole plates with a diameter
¶ 106 mm and holes
¶ 8 mm, movable worm casing and adequate instructions for dismantling and disconnecting is also an acceptable solution. 5.2.5.2 Loosening / extraction of the worm and cutting tools set With the exception of machines with a holes plate diameter
¶ 106 mm having a removable worm casing, all mincing machines shall be equipped with means for easy loosening/extraction of the worm and cutting tools set (an ejector or knockout system, or an extractor system, e.g. with lever or screw). The design of this system shall be such that in normal foreseeable conditions of use the forces required for loosening/extracting the worm are within the limits fixed in EN 1005-3. NOTE In case of a machine with a holes plate diameter
¶ 106 mm having a removable worm casing it is considered acceptable to loosen the worm and cutting tools set by knocking without special provisions. 5.2.6 Zone 5 – Drive system Access to danger zones on the drive system shall be prevented. This may be achieved e.g. by the following measures: SIST EN 12331:2015
...
Le document de normalisation SIST EN 12331:2015, intitulé "Machines de transformation des aliments - Machines à hacher - Exigences de sécurité et d'hygiène", représente une avancée significative dans le domaine de la sécurité et de l'hygiène des machines à hacher utilisées en position stationnaire. Le champ d'application de cette norme européenne est clair et précis, mettant en avant les exigences de conception et de fabrication spécifiques aux machines à hacher destinées à la réduction de taille de la viande fraîche ou congelée, des produits à base de viande et du poisson. Parmi les forces majeures de cette norme, on souligne sa capacité à couvrir un large éventail de machines à hacher - des appareils utilisés dans les commerces aux équipements industriels - tout en détaillant les différents types de machines selon leur configuration opérationnelle. Cette précision garantit que les utilisateurs peuvent se référer à des spécificités techniques adaptées à leurs besoins, qu'il s'agisse de machines avec un plateau d'alimentation, une vis d'alimentation, ou d'autres types de dispositifs d'alimentation. La pertinence de la norme EN 12331:2015 se manifeste également dans sa capacité à traiter les dangers potentiels associés à l'utilisation des machines à hacher. Elle définit de manière exhaustive les menaces significatives, ainsi que les situations et événements dangereux qui peuvent se produire lors de la mise en service, de l'utilisation, de l'entretien et de la mise hors service de ces machines. L'inclusion de recommandations pour la gestion de ces risques contribue à renforcer la sécurité des opérateurs et la conformité réglementaire des équipements concernés. En outre, cette norme exclut intelligemment les machines à hacher domestiques et rappelle que toute machine fabriquée après la date de publication doit répondre aux exigences spécifiées, ce qui souligne son caractère actuel et adapté aux innovations technologiques du secteur. En conclusion, la norme SIST EN 12331:2015 établit un cadre solide pour les machines à hacher, en intégrant des exigences de sécurité et d'hygiène claires et pertinentes pour les différentes applications industrielles et commerciales, assurant ainsi un environnement de travail plus sûr et une meilleure qualité de traitement des aliments.
The EN 12331:2015 standard, titled "Food processing machinery - Mincing machines - Safety and hygiene requirements," presents a comprehensive framework aimed at ensuring the safety and hygiene of mincing machines utilized in various food processing environments. The primary scope of this standard encompasses the design and manufacturing criteria for stationary mincing machines that are used for the size reduction of fresh or frozen meat and fish products. One of the notable strengths of this standard is its detailed coverage of the various types of mincing machines, explicitly categorizing them based on their operational features such as feed trays, hoppers, and the presence of screw conveyors. This specificity aids manufacturers in aligning their products with established safety and hygiene benchmarks. The exclusion of domestic mincing machines from the standard underlines its focus on industrial and commercial applications, ensuring that professional environments maintain the highest safety standards. Furthermore, the standard delineates the potential hazards associated with mincing machines, which includes risks during commissioning, operation, cleaning, maintenance, and decommissioning. By stating that machinery must comply with EN ISO 12100:2010 for hazards not explicitly covered, EN 12331:2015 reinforces a comprehensive approach to safety across various machinery types. This interconnectedness among standards fosters a robust safety culture within the food processing industry. Additionally, the specification regarding safeguarding devices inherent in the design of mincing machines promotes user safety and minimizes the risk of accidents, thereby enhancing the operational integrity of these machines. The inclusion of guidelines for misuse scenarios also ensures that manufacturers remain proactive in hazard management. Overall, the EN 12331:2015 standard significantly contributes to the relevance of food processing machinery safety regulations, offering a structured approach that aligns with contemporary food safety challenges. Its comprehensive detailing and emphasis on hygiene and safety make it an essential standard for manufacturers of mincing machines operating in industrial settings.
EN 12331:2015規格は、食品加工機械の分野における重要な指針を提供しています。この規格は、主に処理した肉、肉製品、および魚を小さくするために使用されるミンチ機械の設計と製造に関する要求事項を定めています。特に、店舗や調理室、工業用厨房において使用されるミンチ機械に焦点を当てており、手動または自動のローディングデバイスを用いて食材を供給する際の安全基準を明確にしています。 本規格の強みは、ミンチ機械に関連する重要な危険や危険な状況を特定し、それらに対応するための具体的な安全要求が記載されている点です。例えば、機械の運転中や清掃時、またメンテナンスや廃止作業時に発生する可能性のある危険が網羅されています。これにより、製造業者は、機械の設計段階からリスクを評価し、必要な安全対策を講じることができます。 また、EN 12331:2015は、新たに製造されるミンチ機械にのみ適用されるため、今後の市場における製品の安全性と衛生基準の向上に寄与します。他の規格（EN ISO 12100:2010など）との連携も考慮されており、全体的な安全基準を包括的に満たす構造になっています。 このように、EN 12331:2015は、食品加工業界におけるミンチ機械にとって非常に信頼性の高い指標であり、その適用範囲と安全および衛生基準は、業界の現場での実際の使用条件に即して設計されています。これは、製造業者と利用者の両方にとって、安全な操作を保証するための非常に重要な文書となるでしょう。
Die Norm EN 12331:2015 bietet einen umfassenden Rahmen für die Sicherheits- und Hygienebestimmungen von Mühlmaschinen, die in der Lebensmittelverarbeitung verwendet werden. Der Geltungsbereich dieser Norm beschränkt sich auf stationäre Mühlmaschinen, die zum Zerkleinern von frischem oder gefrorenem Fleisch sowie Fisch eingesetzt werden. Besonders hervorzuheben ist, dass die Norm spezifisch für gewerbliche Anwendungen gilt und nicht für Haushaltsmaschinen, was ihre Relevanz im industriellen Kontext unterstreicht. Ein entscheidender Stärke der EN 12331:2015 liegt in der detaillierten Definition der verschiedenen Maschinentypen, einschließlich ihrer spezifischen Anforderungen und Gefahren. Die Norm behandelt die Konstruktion von Mühlmaschinen, die mit einem Fördertablett, einem Fördermechanismus oder einer Förderschnecke ausgestattet sind, und berücksichtigt dabei verschiedene Sicherheitsaspekte, die beim Betrieb, der Inbetriebnahme und der Wartung der Maschinen auftreten können. Dies sorgt für ein hohes Maß an Arbeitssicherheit und schützt die Benutzer vor potenziellen Gefahren. Die Norm geht auch auf die nötigen Sicherheitsvorkehrungen ein, die zur Minimierung dieser Risiken implementiert werden müssen, was im modernen Lebensmittelverarbeitungsbereich von größter Bedeutung ist. Ein weiterer attraktiver Aspekt ist die klar definierte Schnittstelle zu anderen relevanten Normen, wie der EN ISO 12100:2010, welche zusätzliche Sicherheitselemente für Maschinen im Allgemeinen spezifiziert. Damit zeigt die EN 12331:2015 ihre Integration in ein größeres Netzwerk von Sicherheitsstandards, was ihre Bedeutung für Hersteller und Betreiber von Mühlmaschinen erhöht. Die Erwähnung, dass die Maschinen nicht mit Hochdruck gereinigt werden sollten, und die Berücksichtigung von elementaren hygienischen Anforderungen sind ebenfalls Merkmale, die die Anwendbarkeit und Notwendigkeit dieser Norm in der praxisorientierten Lebensmittelverarbeitung demonstrieren. Insgesamt stellt die EN 12331:2015 eine unerlässliche Richtlinie für die Konstruktion und Nutzung von Mühlmaschinen in der Lebensmittelverarbeitung dar, indem sie Sicherheitsanforderungen und Hygienestandards fortschreibt und somit zur Gewährleistung einer hohen Produktqualität beiträgt.
SIST EN 12331:2015 표준은 식품 가공 기계, 특히 분쇄기계의 안전과 위생 요구 사항을 명확히 규정하고 있으며, 이것은 상업적 및 산업적 식품 가공 환경에서 필수적인 기준을 제공합니다. 이 표준의 적용 범위는 고정식 분쇄기계의 설계 및 제조에 대해 규정하고 있으며, 신선 또는 냉동 육류와 어류의 크기 감소에 필요한 절차를 포함합니다. 가정용 분쇄기는 이 표준의 적용 대상이 아니며, 분쇄기와 관련된 안전 및 위생 기준은 EN 12463과 같은 다른 표준에 의해 관리됩니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 광범위한 유형의 분쇄 기계 및 부속품을 포괄하고 있다는 점입니다. 분쇄기계는 수동 또는 로딩 장치를 통해 제품이 공급되며, 기계의 작동 중 발생할 수 있는 모든 중요 위험 요소를 명시하고 있습니다. 이로 인해 표준은 사용자 안전을 보장할 뿐만 아니라, 기계의 성능을 극대화하는 데에도 기여합니다. 또한, SIST EN 12331:2015는 사용상의 오용과 예상할 수 있는 위험 상황들을 다루어, 기계 조작 시 발생할 수 있는 다양한 위험을 최소화하려는 노력을 기울이고 있습니다. 이 표준은 장비의 설치, 작동, 청소, 유지보수 및 폐기 과정에서 발생하는 위험을 체계적으로 분석하여 그에 대한 예방 조치를 제안합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 12331:2015 표준은 분쇄기계의 안전과 위생을 보장하는 데 있어 중요한 기준을 마련하고 있으며, 이는 식품 산업의 품질 및 안전성을 높이는 데 기여합니다. 따라서 이 표준은 관련 업계에서 필수적으로 적용해야 할 유용한 지침으로 평가됩니다.
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