EN 14649:2005
(Main)Precast concrete products - Test method for strength retention of glass fibres in cement and concrete (SIC TEST)
Precast concrete products - Test method for strength retention of glass fibres in cement and concrete (SIC TEST)
This standard on classification of glass fibre reinforced cement performances should deal with the following requirements: - the classification method shall comply with the project managers (help in design) and manufacturers needs in their dealings with customers; - the classification method shall be open, i.e. compatible with all the existing as well as future formulations (the formulations advance with the products); - it is necessary to make a distinction between the short and long-term requirements; - the standard shall give tables of values for all the characteristics on the material.
Vorgefertigte Betonerzeugnisse - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von Glasfasern in Beton (SIC-Prüfung)
Dieses Dokument enthält Angaben zu den Prüfeinrichtungen und Materialien, die bei der SIC-Prüfung an Proben von in Festbeton eingebetteten Glasfasern eingesetzt werden, sowie Angaben zum Prüfverfahren selbst.
Die Anforderungen an Glasfasern, die als Verstärkung in Zement und Beton verwendet werden, sind in der Europäischen Norm zur Klassifizierung von Glasfaserbeton festgelegt. Diese gilt für Filament-Glasfaserprodukte in Form von Rovings, Faserbündeln oder geschnittenen Faserbündeln sowie für verwandte Produkte wie z.B. Gewebe oder Matten (Vliesen) aus geschnittenen Faserbündeln, die auf diesen Produkten basieren.
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Méthode d'essai de la conservation de la résistance des fibres de verre en contact avec le ciment et le béton (SIC-TEST)
La présente norme européenne spécifie les exigences relatives aux fibres de verre utilisées comme renfort dans les ciments et le béton. Elle s'applique à des composites en filaments continus se présentant sous forme de fils continus (roving), de fils (strand) ou de fils (strand) coupés ainsi qu'aux produits apparentés tels que les nappes ou les tresses de fils (strand) coupées à base de ces produits.
La présente norme européenne fournit des détails sur l'équipement, les matériaux et le mode opératoire mis en �uvre pour réaliser le SIC-TEST sur un échantillon de fil (strand) dans un milieu de ciment durci.
Montažni betonski izdelki – Preskusna metoda vzdrževanja napetosti steklenih vlaken v betonu (SIC TEST)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2005
Montažni betonski izdelki – Preskusna metoda vzdrževanja napetosti steklenih
vlaken v betonu (SIC TEST)
Precast concrete products - Test method for strength retention of glass fibres in cement
and concrete (SIC TEST)
Vorgefertigte Betonerzeugnisse - Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von
Glasfasern in Beton (SIC-Prüfung)
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Méthode d'essai de la conservation de la résistance des
fibres de verre en contact avec le ciment et le béton (SIC-TEST)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14649:2005
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 14649
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2005
ICS 91.100.30
English version
Precast concrete products - Test method for strength retention
of glass fibres in cement and concrete (SIC TEST)
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Méthode d'essai de la Vorgefertigte Betonerzeugnisse - Prüfverfahren zur
conservation de la résistance des fibres de verre en contact Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von Glasfasern in Beton
avec le ciment et le béton (SIC-TEST) (SIC-Prüfung)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 March 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14649:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents
Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Material requirements.6
5 Test methods.9
5.1 Specimen manufacture.9
5.2 Accelerated ageing .10
5.3 Mechanical testing.10
6 Calculation of results.11
Annex A (normative) Sand specification - SIC test .12
Annex B (informative) Strand in cement test results sheet.14
Bibliography.15
Foreword
This document (EN 14649:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concrete
products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by October 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by October 2005.
This document includes a Bibliography.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Introduction
The Strand in Cement (SIC) test measures the tensile strength of a glass fibre strand in a specified hardened
cement or mortar environment. The test enables an assessment to be made of the strength durability of strands of
glass fibre after accelerated ageing, under conditions which approximate to those in a cement or concrete precast
product.
This test may be used to ensure that an AR glass fibre complies with the specified minimum value of retained
strength as defined in the related standard Precast Concrete products - classification of GRC performances when
tested in standard conditions. The test is a type test, and is appropriate to determine whether the fibre is suitable to
use in a standard current matrix, or if necessary using different types of cement or modified cement matrices. The
method utilises a strand of glass fibre as used in the commercial glass fibre reinforcement product. In the test the
middle section of a length of glass fibre strand is encased within a block of cement paste. The block is cured and
aged under defined conditions for a given time and the strength of the encased part of the strand is determined by
applying a tensile load at each end of the strand. The test may be performed on strands extracted from a roving or
on strands from a cake prior to making up into rovings or chopped strands. Strands of different tex may be
assessed.
1 Scope
This document provides details of equipment, materials and procedure for performing the Strand in Cement test on
a sample of glass fibre strand in a hardened cement environment.
Requirements for glass fibres used as reinforcement in cements and concrete are defined in the European
Standard Precast Concrete products - classification of GRC performances. It applies to continuous filament glass
fibre products in the form of rovings, strands, or chopped strands and related products such as nets or chopped
strand mats based on these products.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 1169:1999, Precast Concrete Products – General rules for factory production control of glass-fibre reinforced
cement.
EN ISO 1889, Reinforcement yarns – Determination of linear density (ISO 1889:1997).
EN ISO 3344, Reinforcement products – Determination of moisture content (ISO 3344:1997).
EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials – Verification of static uniaxial testing machines – Part 1: Tension/compression
testing machines – Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004).
ISO 1887, Textile glass – Determination of combustible-matter content.
ISO 1888, Textile glass – Staple fibres or filaments – Determination of average diameter.
ISO 3341, Textile glass – Yarns – Determination of breaking force and breaking elongation.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1169:1999 and the following apply.
3.1
Alkali Resistant (AR) Glass Fibre
glass fibre product resistant to the alkaline environment of matrices made from hydraulic cement, and
manufactured and sold for the reinforcement of cement and concrete products
The resistance is due particularly to a specific composition of the glass.
3.2
filament
single glass fibre as obtained from the manufacturing process
NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 472.
3.3
strand
number of approximately parallel filaments of 10 µm–30 µm individual filament diameter, held together with a size
NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 472 and ISO 1888.
3.4
cake
number of strands wound together on a former; an intermediate stage in the manufacturing process, prior to the
conversion to "rovings" or "chopped strands"
3.5
roving
number of parallel strands wound together on a mandrel to form a uniform cylindrical package size
NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 472.
3.6
chopped strands
number of filaments bonded together with size to form strands in cake form, and then chopped into discrete lengths
generally between 3 mm and 50 mm by the glass fibre manufacturer
NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 472.
3.7
size
coating materials applied to the strand during manufacture to facilitate or improve processing, use and performance
of the glass fibres
NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 472.
3.8
tex
mass in grams per kilometre length of roving or strand, in units of TEX
NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 1889.
3.9
glass fibre reinforced cement (or concrete)
GRC
composite material consisting of a matrix of hydraulic binder reinforced with glass fibres, these materials being
compatible
3.10
matrix
part of glass-fibre reinforced cement including the mixture of sand, cement, water and if necessary additives and
admixtures
It is made up of the mixture of sand, cement, water and any additives and admixtures.
3.11
category
A: strength retention by strand (SIC) test ≥ 250 MPa
B: strength retention by strand (SIC) test ≥ 350 MPa
4 Material requirements
The material shall include:
a frame to hold the strands and to form ten moulds 30 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm into which cement is cast
(Figure 1);
a scale capable of weighing to 0,1 g;
a scale capable of weighing to 0,1 mg;
a curing chamber capable of maintaining the frame assembly at (20 ± 2) °C and at 100 % Relative Humidity;
a water bath or container, with a ratio: volume 1 dm per 10 specimens, capable of maintaining moulded
specimens at the required temperature ± 1 °C;
a testing machine of accuracy meeting the class 2 requirements specified in EN ISO 7500-1 with a load cell of
200 Newton full-scale deflection and a cross head speed of 1 mm/min;
an oven capable of maintaining a temperature of (30 − 100) °C ± 1 °C;
storage containers and mixing vessels, spatula etc.
Key
1 Wooden frame
2 Plywood base
3 Cross piece
4 Gauge length markers
5 End block
6 Glassfibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) or similar mould block
7 Slot for plywood base
8 Top cross piece
9 Bottom cross piece
10 Top cross piece
11 Bottom cross piece
12 Plywood base
13 Frame
Figure 1 — Frame for SIC specimen manufacture
5 Test methods
5.1 Specimen manufacture
Ten individual specimens of the type shown in Figure 2 are needed for each determination.
Key
1 Modelling clay
2 Grip length
3 "Bare" strand test length of 20 mm
4 Resin impregnated strand
5 Cement block L = 30 mm; width = 10 mm; thickness = 10 mm
6 30 mm
Figure 2 — Strand in cement (SIC) specimen
The test is typically performed on strands (separated from a roving or cake) of between 19 tex and 150 tex.
Experience has shown that the test is suitable for strands of 320 tex at maximum. Using the test frame, lengths of
glass fibre strand are laid across the frame and held under slight tension by means of adhesive tape. At this stage,
from the immediately adjacent portion of each length of strand a 1 m (to ± 2 mm) length is cut off and weighed to
the nearest 0,1 mg in order to determine the strand tex. The weight measured for each length is corrected for size
content. Subtracting the percentage size content of the glass fibre product as determined by ISO 1887 does this.
The central 20 mm test lengths of the glass fibre strands are defined by a marking system, for example by cotton or
glass threads laid transversely across the centre portion of the frame. The epoxy resin, dyed with a colour to make
more visible, is then applied as a coating to the test strands from a position 10 mm inside the frame edge up to the
markers, leaving the central test length uncoated. The guide system is then removed and the glass strands
straightened and tensioned before allowing the resin to cure.
After the resin is cured, a small quantity of modelling clay or silicone sealant is placed around the strand, in the
form of a grommet, at the point where the resin impregnated portion ends and the test length begins, and the
moulds for the cement mortar blocks are positioned around the test lengths. The purpose of the clay grommet is to
prevent any adherence between the resin-coated part of the strand and the cement mortar block. Any strands that
have become loose are re-tensioned.
The cement mortar is mixed thoroughly by hand or with an automatic device in a beaker for 3 min to 4 min when
the water is added. The cement used
...
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