EN 14592:2020

Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements

This document specifies the requirements for the following types of dowel-type fasteners:
-   nails;
-   staples;
-   screws;
-   dowels; and
-   bolts with nuts.
Only dowel-type fasteners for structural use in load bearing timber structures, and manufactured from steel, are covered by this document. In addition, this document covers also the use of screws:
-   to fix roof or cladding elements to the timber structure, with or without insulation layers; and
-   as reinforcement inserted in timber or in a glue laminated timber element to improve its resistance to compression perpendicular to the grain.
This document specifies also the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) procedures and includes requirements for marking of dowel-type fasteners.
This document covers dowel-type fasteners that may be coated for the following purposes:
-   corrosion protection;
-   lubrication (to facilitate insertion);
-   withdrawal enhancement and/or collation for staples (adhesive and/or resin coatings).
This document does not cover dowel-type fasteners treated with fire retardants to improve their fire performance, nor does it cover glued-in rods.

Holzbauwerke - Stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel - Anforderungen

Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen an die folgenden Arten von stiftförmigen Verbindungsmitteln fest:
-   Nägel;
-   Klammern;
-   Schrauben;
-   Stabdübel; und
-   Bolzen mit Muttern.
Das vorliegende Dokument deckt nur aus Stahl hergestellte stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel für die Anwendung in tragenden Holzbaukonstruktionen ab. Des Weiteren deckt dieses Dokument auch die Verwendung von Schrauben ab:
-   zur Befestigung von Dach  oder Verkleidungselementen an der Holzbaukonstruktion, mit oder ohne Wärmedämmung; und
-   als Verstärkung, eingesetzt in Holz oder in ein Brettschichtholzelement zur Verbesserung des Wider-stands gegenüber Druck, rechtwinklig zur Faser.
Dieses Dokument legt außerdem die Verfahren zur Bewertung und Überprüfung der Leistungsbeständigkeit (AVCP) fest und enthält Anforderungen an die Kennzeichnung von stiftförmigen Verbindungsmitteln.
Dieses Dokument behandelt stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel, die für die folgenden Zwecke beschichtet werden dürfen:
-   Korrosionsschutz;
-   Gleitschicht (um das Eintreiben/Eindrehen zu erleichtern);
-   Erhöhung der Ausziehfestigkeit und/oder der Magazinierung von Klammern (Klebe  und/oder Harzüberzug).
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für zur Verbesserung des Brandverhaltens mit Feuerschutzmitteln behandelte stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel und eingeklebte Gewindestangen.

Structures en bois - Éléments de fixation de type tige - Exigences

Le présent document spécifie les exigences pour les types suivants d’éléments de fixation de type tige :
-   pointes ;
-   agrafes ;
-   vis ;
-   broches ; et
-   boulons et écrous.
Le présent document couvre uniquement les éléments de fixation de type tige fabriqués en acier et destinés à un usage structurel dans les structures porteuses en bois. En outre, le présent document couvre également l’utilisation de vis :
-   pour la fixation à la structure en bois d’éléments de couverture ou de bardage de façade, avec ou sans couches isolantes ; et
-   comme renfort inséré dans un élément en bois massif ou un élément en bois lamellé-collé, afin d’améliorer sa résistance à la compression perpendiculairement au fil.
Le présent document spécifie également les modes opératoires d’évaluation et de vérification de la constance des performances (EVCP) et intègre les exigences relatives au marquage de ces produits.
Le présent document couvre les éléments de fixation de type tige pouvant recevoir un revêtement à des fins :
-   de protection contre la corrosion ;
-   de lubrification (pour faciliter leur insertion) ;
-   d’optimisation de la résistance à l’arrachement et/ou de solidarisation des agrafes (revêtements adhésifs et/ou en résine).
Le présent document ne couvre pas les éléments de fixation de type tige traités avec des produits ignifuges pour améliorer leurs performances au feu, ni les assemblages par goujons collés.

Lesene konstrukcije - Paličasta vezna sredstva - Zahteve

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
• ICS: 91.080.20 - Timber structures
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 124 - Timber structures
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 124/WG 4 - Connectors
• Current Stage: 6055 - CEN Ratification completed (DOR) - Publishing
• Due Date: 13-Feb-2020
• Completion Date: 13-Feb-2020
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/112 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on structural timber products
• Ref Project: kSIST FprEN 14592:2018 - Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements

RELATIONS

• Revised: EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 - Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements
• Effective Date: 20-Jun-2012

Standards Content (sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 14592:2017
01-september-2017
/HVHQHNRQVWUXNFLMH3DOLþDVWDYH]QDVUHGVWYD=DKWHYH
Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements
Holzbauwerke - Stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel - Anforderungen
Structures en bois - Éléments de fixation de type tige - Exigences
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 14592
ICS:
21.060.01 Vezni elementi na splošno Fasteners in general
91.080.20 Lesene konstrukcije Timber structures
oSIST prEN 14592:2017 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 14592:2017
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oSIST prEN 14592:2017
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 14592
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2017
ICS 21.060.01; 91.080.20 Will supersede EN 14592:2008+A1:2012
English Version
Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements

Structures en bois - Éléments de fixation de type tige - Holzbauwerke - Stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel -

Exigences Anforderungen

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

CEN/TC 124.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Turkey and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are

aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without

notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 14592:2017 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 5

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 5

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 7

4 Symbols and abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 9

5 General requirements for fasteners ...................................................................................................... 10

5.1 Dimensions and areas – Method of measurement, accuracy and assessment ....................... 10

5.2 Corrosion protection................................................................................................................................... 10

5.3 Withdrawal parameter for fasteners with Type 3 coating ............................................................ 12

5.3.1 Testing .............................................................................................................................................................. 13

5.3.2 Correction of the measured withdrawal capacities ......................................................................... 13

5.3.3 Determination of the characteristic withdrawal capacities ......................................................... 13

5.3.4 The load duration effect ............................................................................................................................ 13

5.4 Withdrawal and head pull-through ....................................................................................................... 13

5.5 Seismic performance .................................................................................................................................. 14

5.6 Reaction to fire .............................................................................................................................................. 15

5.7 Dangerous substances ................................................................................................................................ 15

6 Specific requirements for fasteners ...................................................................................................... 15

6.1 Nails ................................................................................................................................................................... 15

6.1.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 15

6.1.2 Materials .......................................................................................................................................................... 15

6.1.3 Geometry ......................................................................................................................................................... 16

6.1.4 Mechanical strength and stiffness .......................................................................................................... 17

6.1.5 Corrosion protection................................................................................................................................... 18

6.2 Staples .............................................................................................................................................................. 19

6.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 19

6.2.2 Materials .......................................................................................................................................................... 19

6.2.3 Geometry ......................................................................................................................................................... 19

6.2.4 Mechanical strength and stiffness .......................................................................................................... 20

6.2.5 Corrosion protection................................................................................................................................... 21

6.3 Screws............................................................................................................................................................... 21

6.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 21

6.3.2 Materials .......................................................................................................................................................... 21

6.3.3 Geometry ......................................................................................................................................................... 21

6.3.4 Mechanical strength and stiffness .......................................................................................................... 23

6.3.5 Corrosion protection................................................................................................................................... 25

6.4 Dowels .............................................................................................................................................................. 25

6.4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 25

6.4.2 Materials .......................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.4.3 Geometry ......................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.4.4 Mechanical strength and stiffness .......................................................................................................... 25

6.4.5 Corrosion protection................................................................................................................................... 26

6.5 Bolts and nuts ................................................................................................................................................ 26

6.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 26

6.5.2 Materials .......................................................................................................................................................... 26

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6.5.3 Geometry ......................................................................................................................................................... 27

6.5.4 Mechanical strength and stiffness .......................................................................................................... 27

6.5.5 Corrosion protection ................................................................................................................................... 27

7 Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) ........................................... 27

7.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 27

7.2 Determination of product type ................................................................................................................ 28

7.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 28

7.2.2 Sampling, testing and conformity criteria ........................................................................................... 28

7.3 Factory production control (FPC) ........................................................................................................... 35

7.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 35

7.3.2 Requirements ................................................................................................................................................. 36

8 Marking ............................................................................................................................................................ 45

8.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 45

8.2 Nails ................................................................................................................................................................... 45

8.3 Staples ............................................................................................................................................................... 46

8.4 Screws ............................................................................................................................................................... 46

8.5 Dowels .............................................................................................................................................................. 47

8.6 Bolts and nuts................................................................................................................................................. 47

Annex A (informative) Proving performance equivalence of alternative corrosion protection

and selection of corrosion resistance and accelerated testing .................................................... 48

Annex B (informative) Corrosivity of atmospheric environments indoor and outdoor –

outside the timber and inside the timber ............................................................................................ 50

Annex C (normative) Proposal for measuring zinc thicknesses ................................................................. 53

Annex D (informative) Selection of test specimens – Requirements on wood density ...................... 54

D.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................. 54

D.2 Symbols ............................................................................................................................................................ 54

D.3 Requirements ................................................................................................................................................. 54

D.4 Corrections to target conditions ............................................................................................................. 55

D.4.1 Mean value ...................................................................................................................................................... 55

D.4.2 Coefficient of variation ............................................................................................................................... 56

D.5 Test report ...................................................................................................................................................... 56

Annex E (normative) Test to determine seismic performance ................................................................... 58

E.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................. 58

E.2 Test setup ........................................................................................................................................................ 58

E.3 Test procedure .............................................................................................................................................. 59

E.4 Test results ...................................................................................................................................................... 60

E.5 Test report ...................................................................................................................................................... 60

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European Standard with Regulation (EU)

No. 305/2011 ................................................................................................................................................. 62

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 70

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European foreword

This document (prEN 14592:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 124 “Timber

structures”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 14592:2008+A1:2012.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this

document.
This new edition of EN 14592 incorporates the following new technical topics:
— new concepts concerning dimensions and tolerances, e.g. target diameter;
— voluntary classes for withdrawal capacity and head pull-through capacity;
— improved classes for corrosion protection;

— new requirements on wood density for testing of connections with mechanical fasteners;

— voluntary classes for seismic performance and related test method;
— informative annex on the determination of the axial slip modulus for screws.
Other EU Directives/Regulations may also apply to construction products.
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1 Scope

This draft European Standard specifies the requirements for the following types of dowel-type fasteners:

nails, staples, screws, dowels, and bolts with nuts.

Only dowel-type fasteners for structural use in load bearing timber structures, and manufactured from

steel, are covered by this European Standard. In addition, this draft European Standard covers also the

use of screws:

— to fix roof or cladding elements to the timber structure, with or without insulation layers;

and

— as reinforcement inserted in timber or in a glue laminated timber element to improve its resistance

to compression perpendicular to the grain.

This draft European Standard specifies also the assessment and verification of constancy of performance

(AVCP) procedures and includes requirements for marking of these products.

This draft European Standard covers dowel-type fasteners that may be coated for the following purposes:

— corrosion protection;
— lubrication (to facilitate insertion);

— withdrawal enhancement and/or collation for staples (adhesive and/or resin coatings).

This draft European Standard does not cover fasteners treated with fire retardants to improve their fire

performance, nor does it cover glued-in rods.
2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively references in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 338, Structural timber — Strength classes

EN 409, Timber structures — Test methods — Determination of the yield moment of dowel type fasteners

EN 1382, Timber Structures — Test methods — Withdrawal capacity of timber fasteners

EN 1383:2016, Timber structures — Test methods — Pull through resistance of timber fasteners

EN 1993-1-4:2006 , Eurocode 3 — Design of steel structures — Part 1-4: General rules — Supplementary

rules for stainless steels

EN 1995-1-1, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures — Part 1-1: General — Common rules and rules for

buildings

EN 10025-2, Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy

structural steels

1) This standard is impacted by the stand-alone amendment EN 1993-1-4:2006/A1:2015.

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EN 10025-3, Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for

normalized/normalized rolled weldable fine grain structural steels
EN 10088 (all parts), Stainless steels

EN 10149-1, Hot rolled flat products made of high yield strength steels for cold forming — Part 1: General

technical delivery conditions
EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
EN 10218-1, Steel wire and wire products — General — Part 1: Test methods

EN 10277-2, Bright steel products — Technical delivery conditions — Part 2: Steels for general engineering

purposes

EN 13183-1, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber — Part 1: Determination by oven dry method

EN 14081-1, Timber structures — Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section —

Part 1: General requirements

EN 14358, Timber structures — Calculation and verification of characteristic values

EN 15737, Timber Structures — Test methods — Torsional resistance of driving in screws

EN ISO 898-1, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 1: Bolts,

screws and studs with specified property classes — Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-1)

EN ISO 898-2, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 2: Nuts with

specified property classes — Coarse thread and fine pitch thread (ISO 898-2)

EN ISO 1460, Metallic coatings — Hot dip galvanized coatings on ferrous materials — Gravimetric

determination of the mass per unit area (ISO 1460)

EN ISO 1463, Metallic and oxide coatings — Measurement of coating thickness — Microscopical method

(ISO 1463)

EN ISO 2081:2008, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Electroplated coatings of zinc with

supplementary treatments on iron or steel (ISO 2081:2008)

EN ISO 2178, Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates — Measurement of coating thickness —

Magnetic method (ISO 2178)

EN ISO 3497, Metallic coatings — Measurement of coating thickness — X-ray spectrometric methods

(ISO 3497)

EN ISO 3506-1:2009, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners — Part 1: Bolts,

screws and studs (ISO 3506-1:2009)

EN ISO 3506-2, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners — Part 2: Nuts

(ISO 3506-2)
EN ISO 4014, Hexagon head bolts — Product grades A and B (ISO 4014)
EN ISO 4016, Hexagon head bolts — Product grade C (ISO 4016)
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EN ISO 4017, Fasteners — Hexagon head screws — Product grades A and B (ISO 4017)
EN ISO 4018, Hexagon head screws — Product grade C (ISO 4018)
EN ISO 4032, Hexagon regular nuts (style 1) — Product grades A and B (ISO 4032)
EN ISO 4034, Hexagon regular nuts (style 1) — Product grade C (ISO 4034)
EN ISO 4042:1999, Fasteners — Electroplated coatings (ISO 4042:1999)

EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature

(ISO 6892-1)

EN ISO 9223, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Corrosivity of atmospheres — Classification, determination

and estimation (ISO 9223)

EN ISO 9224, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Corrosivity of atmospheres — Guiding values for the

corrosivity categories (ISO 9224)

EN ISO 10666:1999, Drilling screws with tapping screw thread — Mechanical and functional properties

(ISO 10666:1999)

EN ISO 16120 (all parts), Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire (ISO 16120, all parts)

EN ISO 21968, Non-magnetic metallic coatings on metallic and non-metallic basis materials —

Measurement of coating thickness — Phase-sensitive eddy-current method (ISO 21968)

ISO 3131, Wood — Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1995-1-1 and the following

apply.
3.1
smooth shank nail

nail that has a constant cross-section along its entire length, e.g. round, square or grooved

3.2
ring shank nail

nail that has a profiled shank along a part of its length, e.g. ringed or twisted; the profiled length l is

defined in Figure 1
3.3
staple crown width
distance between the outer edges of the staple legs
3.4
dowel
cylindrical metal fastener that does not contain an integral head
3.5
bolt
cylindrical metal fastener consisting of a screw part and a nut part
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3.6
withdrawal parameter

parameter measuring the resistance of a timber test piece to the withdrawal of a timber fastener

3.7
head pull-through parameter

parameter measuring the resistance of a timber test piece to the pulling through of the head of a timber

fastener or the crown of a staple
3.8
tensile yield stress
stress at which yielding takes place
3.9
nominal diameter

cross sectional dimension of a fastener for the determination of a load-carrying capacity:

— nails: for smooth shank nails, spiral rolled nails or annular ring shank nails, d is the outer cross-

sectional diameter of the round nail wire, or the side length dimension of the cross-section for a

square nail, for all other profiled nails, d is the cross-sectional diameter of the original wire rod, from

which the profiled nail has been produced;

— staples: d is the diameter of a round rod with the same area as that of the cross-sectional area of the

staple;
— screws: d is the outer thread diameter;
— dowels: d is the diameter;
— bolts: d is the diameter of the smooth shank of the screw part
3.10
target diameter

diameter used to declare the nominal diameter of screws intended for use in load bearing timber

structures

Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of both production requirements and applicability, screws may only be

produced allowing some tolerances. Thus for production purposes these tolerances are measured on the target

diameter, d .
3.11
thread root diameter
inner diameter of the thread of a screw

Note 1 to entry: The inner diameter is used in EN 1995–1-1 to determine the effective diameter for laterally

loaded screws.
3.12
stiffness
force for a unit deformation
3.13
coating type
purpose of a coating:
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— coating type 1: corrosion protection
— coating type 2: lubricant to facilitate insertion

— coating type 3: adhesive coating for improving withdrawal strength and/or for collation of staples

4 Symbols and abbreviations

For the purposes of this standard, the symbols and abbreviations given in EN 1995-1-1 and the following

apply:
A percentage elongation (%)
A nail head area (mm )
A staple leg cross-sectional area (mm )
b staple crown width (mm)
d nominal diameter (mm)
d head diameter (mm)
d diameter of the smooth shank of a screw
d target diameter (mm)
d inner thread diameter; inner diameter of fluting (mm)
f characteristic withdrawal parameter (N/mm )
ax,k
f characteristic head pull-through parameter (N/mm )
head,k
F haracteristic tensile capacity (head pull-off or shank tensile capacity) (kN)
tens,k
M characteristic torsional moment capacity (Nmm)
tor,Rk
f tensile strength of the wire (N/mm )
h nail head thickness (mm)
l overall fastener length (mm)
l length of profiling/threading (mm)
l length of the nail point (mm)
M characteristic yield moment (Nmm)
y,Rk
M mean value for torsional resistance to insertion into timber (Nmm)
tor,Em
α bend angle ( )
α bend angle under cyclic loading ( )

ρ characteristic timber density when conditioned to constant mass at 20 °C and 65 % relative

humidity (kg/m )
ω moisture content
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5 General requirements for fasteners
5.1 Dimensions and areas – Method of measurement, accuracy and assessment

Dimensions shall be taken on the fastener using a calibrated device capable of achieving an accuracy

of ± 1 % of the measurement.

If a dimension or an area has been assigned a tolerance, then the mean measured values of the dimensions

and areas of the fasteners shall be within the range of the declared values ± tolerances. If no tolerance

has been assigned, then the requirement shall be greater than or equal to the declared value.

5.2 Corrosion protection

The materials or coating specifications used to achieve corrosion protection shall be in accordance with

Table 1 or Table 2. The corrosion protection stated in these tables is assumed to secure an intended

lifetime of 50 years.

NOTE 1 Standards for galvanized and electroplated coatings express mass/unit area of coatings with respect to

the surface area, and standards for hot-dip coated sheet express mass/unit area with respect to the area of the sheet,

i.e. the area of a sheet represents half the area of its surface.

The zinc thickness of Table 1 and Table 2 may be reduced if a passivation layer is applied or an alloy is

added. For C2 atmospheres a CrIII passivation reduces the zinc thickness by 25 % and a CrVI passivation

reduces the zinc thickness by 50 %.
NOTE 2 The improvement is lower in C3 and C4 atmospheres.

Measuring methods for the thickness of a zinc coating shall be taken from Annex C.

NOTE 3 Metal fasteners in load-bearing timber connections are generally in contact both direc

...