prEN ISO 22282-4

Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 4: Pumping test (ISO/DIS 22282-4:2007)

2010-07-09 EMA: ISO/CS confirmed that no text has been received, WI deleted following the 3-year timeframe exercise.

Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Geohydraulische Versuche - Teil 4: Pumpversuche (ISO 22282-4:2006)

Die vorliegende Norm behandelt Anforderungen an Pumpversuche als Teil des geotechnischen Erkundungsdienstes nach EN 1997 1 und prEN 1997 2.
Grundsätzlich besteht ein Pumpversuch aus Folgendem:
   Absenken der Piezometeroberfläche des Grundwassers durch Abpumpen von Wasser aus einem Brunnen (dem Versuchsbrunnen);
   Messen der abgepumpten Menge (Abfluss) und des Wasserspiegels im Versuchsbrunnen und in den Piezometern vor, während und nach dem Pumpen als Funktion der Zeit.
Das Dokument gilt für Pumpversuche an Grundwasserleitern, deren Durchlässigkeit so ist, dass das Abpumpen aus einem Brunnen – in Abhängigkeit von den Bedingungen des Baugrunds und dem Zweck – zu einer Absenkung der piezometrischen Höhe innerhalb von Stunden oder Tagen führt. Das Dokument behandelt Pumpversuche in Böden und Fels.
Bei den durch dieses Dokument abgedeckten Versuchen handelt es sich um diejenigen, die zur Bewertung der hydrodynamischen Parameter eines Grundwasserleiters und von Brunnenparametern vorgesehen sind, z. B.:
   allgemeine Durchlässigkeit des Grundwasserleiters;
   Einflussradius des Pumpens;
   Förderrate für einen Brunnen;
   Ansprechen in Bezug auf die Absenkung in einem Grundwasserleiter während des Pumpens;
   Skin Effekt;
   Brunnenspeicherung.

Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais géohydrauliques - Partie 4: Essai d'aspiration (ISO/DIS 22282-4:2007)

Geotehnično preiskovanje in preskušanje - Hidrogeološko preskušanje - 4. del: Črpalni preskus (ISO/DIS 22282-4:2007)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 341 - Geotechnical Investigation and Testing
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 341/WG 1 - Drilling and sampling methods and groundwater measurements
• Current Stage: 4098 - Decision to abandon - Enquiry
• Due Date: 09-Jul-2010
• Completion Date: 09-Jul-2010
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN ISO 22282-4:2008 - Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 4: Pumping test (ISO/DIS 22282-4:2007)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 22282-4:2008
01-april-2008
*HRWHKQLþQRSUHLVNRYDQMHLQSUHVNXãDQMH*HRKLGUDYOLþQRSUHVNXãDQMHGHO
3UHVNXVVþUSDONR,62',6
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 4: Pumping test
(ISO/DIS 22282-4:2007)
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Geohydraulische Versuche - Teil 4:
Pumpversuche (ISODIS 22282-4:2006)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais géohydrauliques - Partie 4: Essai
d'aspiration (ISO/DIS 22282-4:2007)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 22282-4
ICS:
93.020
oSIST prEN ISO 22282-4:2008 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 22282-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2007
ICS 93.020

English Version
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing -
Part 4: Pumping test (ISO/DIS 22282-4:2007)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais
géohydrauliques - Partie 4: Essai d'aspiration (ISO/DIS
22282-4:2007)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 341.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 22282-4:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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prEN ISO 22282-4:2007 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3

2

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prEN ISO 22282-4:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 22282-4:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341
"Geotechnical Investigation and Testing", the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 "Geotechnics".
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
3

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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 22282-4
ISO/TC 182/SC 1 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2007-12-06 2008-05-06
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Geotechnical investigation and testing — Geohydraulic
testing —
Part 4:
Pumping test
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques — Essais géohydrauliques —
Partie 4: Essai d'aspiration
ICS 93.020

ISO/CEN PARALLEL ENQUIRY
This draft International Standard is a draft standard developed within the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) and processed under the CEN-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the
Vienna Agreement. The document has been transmitted by CEN to ISO for circulation for ISO member
body voting in parallel with CEN enquiry. Comments received from ISO member bodies, including those
from non-CEN members, will be considered by the appropriate CEN technical body. Should this DIS be
accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be submitted to a parallel two-
month FDIS vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
In accordance with the provisions of Council Resolution 15/1993 this document is circulated in
the English language only.
Conformément aux dispositions de la Résolution du Conseil 15/1993, ce document est distribué
en version anglaise seulement.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at publication
stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
©
International Organization for Standardization, 2007

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ISO/DIS 22282-4
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Violators may be prosecuted.
©
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Symbols.3
5 Equipment.3
6 Test procedure.4
6.1 Preparation of the test .4
6.1.1 General .4
6.1.2 Determining the discharge rate for the pumping test .4
6.2 Arranging the disposal of discharge water .4
6.3 Executing and equipping the well .4
6.3.1 Design of the test well.4
6.3.2 Installation procedure.6
6.3.3 Preparation of the well.7
6.4 Executing and equipping the piezometers .7
6.4.1 Installation procedure.7
6.4.2 Preparation of piezometers .7
6.5 Execution of the test .7
6.5.1 Pre-pumping monitoring.7
6.5.2 Preliminary pumping phase .8
6.5.3 Pumping test.8
6.5.4 Post pumping monitoring.9
6.6 Uncertainty of measurement.9
6.7 Interruptions in pumping.9
6.8 Decommissioning.10
7 Test results .10
8 Report.10
8.1 Field report.10
8.1.1 General .10
8.1.2 Installation record .11
8.1.3 Record of measured values and test results.11
8.2 Test report.12
Annex A (informative) Record of measured values and test results of the pumping test - Example .13
A.1 Variable rate discharge test .13
A.2 Pumping test – Example.14
Annex B (informative) Determining the pumping test discharge.15
B.1 Theoretical assessment of well capacity.15
B.2 Analysis of information from the preliminary pumping phase.15
B.2.1 Determining the well’s characteristic curve .15
B.2.2 Preliminary pumping in the well .15
B.2.3 Determining coefficients a and b of the well’s characteristic curve.16
B.2.4 Determining the test pumping discharge rate Q .17
e
Annex C (informative) Interpretation of the pumping test results .19
C.1 Variable rate pumping tests .19
C.2 Constant rate pumping tests – steady state analysis .19
C.2.1 Confined aquifer.19
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
C.2.2 Unconfined aquifer . 21
C.3 Constant rate pumping tests – transient state analysis. 21
C.3.1 Method according to Theis . 21
C.3.2 Method according to Cooper and Jacob. 23
C.3.3 More complex methods. 24
Bibliography. 25

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ISO/DIS 22282-4
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22282-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 182, Geotechnics, Subcommittee SC 1, and by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 341, Geotechnical investigation and testing in collaboration.
ISO 22282 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geotechnical investigation and testing —
Geohydraulic testing:
⎯ Part 1: General rules
⎯ Part 2: Water permeability tests in a borehole using open systems
⎯ Part 3: Water pressure test in rock
⎯ Part 4: Pumping tests
⎯ Part 5: Infiltrometer tests
⎯ Part 6: Water permeability tests in a borehole using closed systems

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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 22282-4

Geotechnical investigation and testing — Geohydraulic
testing —
Part 4:
Pumping test
1 Scope
This standard deals with requirements for pumping tests as part of geotechnical investigation service in
accordance with EN 1997-1 and prEN 1997-2.
A pumping test consists in principle of:
⎯ drawing down the piezometric surface of the groundwater by pumping from a well (the test well);
⎯ measuring the pumped discharge and the water level in the test well and piezometers, before, during
and after pumping, as a function of time.
The document applies to pumping tests performed on aquifers whose permeability is such that pumping from
a well can create a lowering of the piezometric head within hours or days depending on the ground conditions
and the purpose. It covers pumping tests carried out in soils and rock.
The tests concerned by this document are those intended for evaluating the hydrodynamic parameters of an
aquifer and well parameters, such as:
⎯ global permeability of the aquifer,
⎯ radius of influence of pumping,
⎯ pumping rate of a well,
⎯ response of drawdown in an aquifer during pumping,
⎯ skin effect,
⎯ well storage.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to
this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design - Part 1: General rules.
EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design - Part 2: Ground investigation and testing.
EN ISO 14688-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of soil - Part 1:
Identification and description.
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
EN ISO 14689-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing - Identification and classification of rock - Part 1:
Identification and description
prEN ISO 22282-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing — Geohydraulic testing — General rules
EN ISO 22475-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing - Sampling by drilling and excavation methods and
groundwater measurements - Part 1: Technical principles of execution.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN ISO 22282-1 and the following
apply.
3.1
Radius of influence of pumping
R(t)
the radius of influence at a given moment is the distance, measured from the axis of the well, beyond which
the lowering of the piezometric surface of the groundwater is nil.
NOTE In a steady-state condition, R(t) is constant, and is thus designated by R .
a
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
4 Symbols
Symbol Designation Unit
B drilled diameter of the well m
H thickness of the groundwater layer m
L wetted length of screen of the perforated pipe placed in the well m

Q discharge from the well m³/s
Q assessed pump discharge at the end of the well preparation m³/s
d
Q discharge of the pumping test m³/s
e
R radius of influence under steady state conditions m
a
R(t) radius of influence at time (t) m
T transmissivity m²/s
a slope of the line that characterises the drawdown in the well
b ordinate at the origin of the line that characterises the drawdown in the well
d size which may be interpolated from the grading curve, of the square sieve mesh of side d for which the
N
weight percent of undersize is equal to N percent
S storage factor
c conventional drawdown unit of the preliminary pump discharge
e distance between the bottom of the well and the surface of the unconfined groundwater at rest in an m
aquifer
k horizontal permeability coefficient m/s
∆h drawdown of the water level in the well m
drawdown of the water level in the well after 2 h m
∆h'
drawdown of the water level in the well, set during the preliminary test and not to be exceeded m
∆h
f
∆h maximum drawdown of the water level in the well during the pumping test m
max
t time
v flow rate
5 Equipment
Conducting a pumping test requires the following equipment and instruments:
a) A test well and piezometers ((see EN ISO 22475-1);
b) a pump and associated pipework capable of pumping from the test well. The pumps shall be equipped
with a suitably long discharge pipe so that the water from the pump is discharged sufficiently far away so
that it does not affect the test area. The capacity of the pump shall be sufficient to extract from the well a
discharge at least equal to that corresponding to that estimated to achieve the maximum planned
drawdown;
NOTE Pumping tests are commonly carried out using electric submersible pumps, installed within the test well.
However, dependent on conditions pumping tests can also be carried out using suction pumps located at the surface,
airlift equipment, or specialist dewatering equipment such as wellpoints or eductors.
3
c) a system for regulating and measuring the discharge (m /h). Devices for measuring the discharge rate
shall be suitably calibrated and shall be accurate for a range of flow rates anticipated during the test;
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
d) a system for measuring the water level in the test well and piezometers. The turbulence in the test well
caused by pumping shall be considered; the devices shall be capable of measuring water levels over the
range of drawdowns anticipated during the test;
e) a time measuring and/or recording device, reading in seconds;
6 Test procedure
6.1 Preparation of the test
6.1.1 General
When preparing a pumping test, there are a number of things to investigate and consider in advance, such as:
⎯ basic information on the ground and groundwater conditions according to prEN ISO 22282-1;
⎯ the required drawdown and/or the required discharge rate during the test;
⎯ the discharge point for the pumped water and its location relative to the test well;
⎯ the duration of the test.
6.1.2 Determining the discharge rate for the pumping test
The discharge rate Q must be estimated to ensure that the test well can yield sufficient water, to allow a
d
pump of appropriate capacity to be selected, and to ensure that the discharge can be accepted at the agreed
disposal point.
The discharge rate can be estimated by one or more of the following methods:
⎯ based on the purpose of the test and experience of local conditions;
⎯ by theoretical assessment of the well capacity, according to the method described in Annex B;
⎯ by analysis of information from the preliminary pumping phase, according to the method described in
Annex B.
6.2 Arranging the disposal of discharge water
The disposal of discharge water shall be in accordance with relevant rules and regulations.
If the discharge water is not disposed of via an engineered sewer network, it shall be disposed of at sufficient
distance from the test well that it will not have a significant impact on the observed pattern of groundwater
lowering.
6.3 Executing and equipping the well
6.3.1 Design of the test well
The test well shall be designed to satisfy the following criteria (see Figure 1):
⎯ of sufficient depth to penetrate below the groundwater level in the strata of interest. If the test well
does not fully penetrate the aquifer, it shall penetrate the saturated part of the aquifer to a depth of at
least 25 times the well screen diameter;
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
⎯ of sufficient drilled diameter to accommodate the necessary filter materials and well screen of
sufficient diameter of accommodate pumping equipment of adequate capacity to achieve the
required discharge rate;
⎯ with sufficient length and capacity of well screen to ensure that the required discharge rate can be
achieved;
⎯ to have appropriate filter material to ensure that the discharge water contains an acceptably low
sediment content to avoid the risk of pump damage and ground settlement as a result of the removal
of fine particles from the soil. Where the well is constructed in a stable rock it may be possible to
construct a test well without the need for filter material.
The filter material shall be a highly permeable granular material of closely controlled particle size, and be
formed of grains of inert minerals in relation to the aquifer ground water chemistry (e.g. quartz, feldspar). In
granular soils, the filter’s grading curve shall satisfy the double inequality:
5 d ≤d ≤5 d
15 soil 15 filter 85 soil
where
d designates the characteristic size of the filter or of the ground in place, such that the mass of the soil
N
fraction passing through a sieve with a square mesh of side d represents N% of the total mass of
material.
In non-granular soils or where the well screen is equipped with a geotextile mesh designed to act as a filter,
the filter material’s purpose is to backfill the annular space between the outside of the well screen and the
borehole wall. In those circumstances the filter media should be a highly permeable coarse sand or fine
gravel, with a permeability coefficient at least 100 times that of the soil or rock being tested.
The annular space for the filter pack shall be of thickness at least 50 mm to 150 mm. The inner diameter of
the test well shall be selected according to the purpose.
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
Key
1 Well screen
2 Filter material (filter pack)
3 Submersible pump
4 Well casing
5 Tube for measuring the water level
6 Sealing plug
7 Monitoring tube
8 Device for measuring the water level

9 Base of the screen
Figure 1 — Well equipped for a pumping test — Example
6.3.2 Installation procedure
The test well shall be constructed in a similar way to piezometers in accordance with EN ISO 22475-1. Great
care shall be taken when installing the well materials. Particular attention shall be paid to:
⎯ The well screen shall be lowered into the borehole to the specified level and shall be installed
centrally in the well, with the top and bottom of the screen located at the design level. Care shall be
taken that the joints of the screen and casing do not leak, and that the screen and casing are
installed vertical and straight.
⎯ If necessary filter material shall be inserted in the annular space between the screen and the
temporary casing (or borehole wall). The filter material shall be placed progressively in stages to
reduce the risk of a blockage in the annular space. Preferably the filter material shall be placed via a
tremie pipe.
⎯ If necessary, a sealing plug of low permeability material (such as bentonite) shall be created in the
annular space between the borehole wall and the well casing immediately above the filter material.
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ISO/DIS 22282-4
The purpose of the sealing plug is to prevent infiltration of surface water, or water from other
aquifers, into the well screen.
6.3.3 Preparation of the well
Prior to the pumping test the well shall be developed to remove any drilling residues and mobile soil particles
that could be entrained by the water flow into the well. Such particles could clog the filter and damage the test
pump.
Development shall be carried out
...