EN ISO 7096:2020

Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2020)

1.1  This document specifies, in accordance with ISO 10326‑1:2016, a laboratory method for measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of the seat suspension in reducing the vertical whole-body vibration transmitted to the operator of earth-moving machines at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz. It also specifies acceptance criteria for application to seats on different machines.
1.2  This document is applicable to operator seats used on earth-moving machines as defined in ISO 6165.
1.3  This document defines the input spectral classes required for the following earth-moving machines. Each class defines a group of machines having similar vibration characteristics:
—     rigid-frame dumpers >4 500 kg operating mass;
—     articulated-frame dumpers;
—     scrapers without axle or frame suspension[1];
—     wheeled loaders >4 500 kg operating mass;
—     graders;
—     wheeled dozers;
—     soil compactors;
—     backhoe loaders;
—     crawler dumpers;
—     crawler loaders;
—     crawler-dozers ≤50 000 kg operating mass[2];
—     compact dumpers ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
—     wheeled compact loaders ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
—     skid-steer loaders, wheeled ≤4 500 kg and tracked ≤6 000 kg operating mass.
1.4  The following machines impart sufficiently low vertical vibration inputs at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz to the seat during operation that these seats do not require suspension for the attenuation of transmitted vibration:
—     excavators, including walking excavators and cable excavators[3];
—     trenchers;
—     landfill compactors;
—     non-vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
—     vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
—     pipelayers;
—     horizontal directional drills (HDD).
1.5  The tests and criteria defined in this document are intended for operator seats used in earth-moving machines of conventional design.
NOTE    Other tests can be appropriate for machines with design features that result in significantly different vibration characteristics.
1.6  Vibration which reaches the operator other than through the seat, for example that sensed by the operator's feet on the platform or control pedals or by the operator´s hands on the steering-wheel, is not covered.
[1]     For scrapers with suspension, either a seat with no suspension can be used, or one having a suspension with high damping.
[2]     For crawler dozers greater than 50 000 kg, the seat performance requirements are suitably provided by a cushion type seat.
[3]     For excavators, the predominant vibration is generally in the fore and aft (X) axis.

Erdbaumaschinen - Laborverfahren zur Bewertung der Schwingungen des Maschinenführersitzes (ISO 7096:2020)

1.1 Dieses Dokument legt in Übereinstimmung mit ISO 10326 1:2016 ein Laborverfahren zur Messung und Bewertung der Wirksamkeit der Sitzfederung fest, und zwar inwieweit der Sitz die vertikalen Ganzkörper-Schwingungen, die auf den Maschinenführer einer Erdbaumaschine übertragen werden, bei Frequenzen zwischen 1 Hz und 20 Hz verringert. Es legt auch Annahmekriterien für die Anwendung auf Sitze an verschiedenen Maschinen fest.
1.2 Dieses Dokument gilt für Maschinenführersitze, die auf Erdbaumaschinen, wie in ISO 6165 definiert, eingesetzt werden.
1.3 Dieses Dokument legt für die Prüf-Erregerschwingungen Spektralklassen fest, die für die folgenden Erdbaumaschinen gelten. Jede Klasse umfasst eine Gruppe von Maschinen, die jeweils ähnliche Schwingungseigenschaften haben:
- Muldenfahrzeuge mit Starrrahmen > 4 500 kg Betriebsgewicht;
- Muldenfahrzeuge mit Knickgelenkrahmen;
- Scraper ohne Federung an Achse oder Fahrzeugrahmen ;
- Radlader > 4 500 kg Betriebsgewicht;
- Grader;
- Planiermaschinen auf Rädern;
- Bodenverdichter;
- Baggerlader;
- Muldenfahrzeuge auf Kettenlaufwerk;
- Raupenlader;
- Planierraupen ≤ 50 000 kg Betriebsgewicht ;
- Kompakt-Muldenfahrzeuge ≤ 4 500 kg Betriebsgewicht;
- Kompakt-Radlader ≤ 4 500 kg Betriebsgewicht;
- Skid-Steer-Lader auf Rädern ≤ 4 500 kg und mit Raupenfahrwerk ≤ 6 000 kg Betriebsgewicht.
1.4 Bei den folgenden Maschinen sind die bei Frequenzen zwischen 1 Hz und 20 Hz während des Betriebes in den Sitz eingeleiteten vertikalen Schwingungen derart gering, dass die Sitze keine Federung benötigen, um die übertragenen Schwingungen zu vermindern:
- Bagger einschließlich Schreitbagger und Seilbagger ;
- Grabenfräsen;
- Müllverdichter;
- statische Walzen, mit Ausnahme von Bodenverdichtern;
- Vibrationswalzen, mit Ausnahme von Bodenverdichtern;
- Rohrleger;
- Horizontalbohrgeräte (HDD, en: horizontal directional drills).
1.5 Die Prüfungen und Kriterien nach diesem Dokument gelten für Maschinenführersitze, die bei Erdbaumaschinen herkömmlicher Bauart eingesetzt werden.
ANMERKUNG Bei Maschinen mit Konstruktionsmerkmalen, aus denen signifikant andere Schwingungseigenschaften resultieren, können andere Prüfungen besser geeignet sein.
1.6 Nicht behandelt werden Schwingungen, die den Maschinenführer auf anderen Wegen als über den Sitz erreichen, z. B. die Schwingungen, die mit den Füßen auf der Plattform oder den Steuerpedalen oder mit den Händen des Maschinenführers am Lenkrad wahrgenommen werden.

Engins de terrassement - Évaluation en laboratoire des vibrations transmises à l'opérateur par le siège (ISO 7096:2020)

1.1    Le présent document spécifie, conformément à l'ISO 10326‑1:2016, une méthode en laboratoire de mesurage et d'évaluation de l'efficacité du siège à réduire les vibrations verticales transmises au corps entier de l'opérateur des engins de terrassement, à des fréquences comprises entre 1 Hz et 20 Hz. Elle spécifie également les critères d'acceptation pour l'application à des sièges sur différentes machines.
1.2    Le présent document s'applique aux sièges d'opérateur utilisés sur des engins de terrassement tels qu'ils sont définis dans l'ISO 6165.
1.3    Le présent document définit les classes de spectres d'excitation pour les engins de terrassement suivants. Chaque classe définit un groupe de machines ayant des caractéristiques vibratoires similaires:
—          Tombereaux à châssis rigide avec une masse en service >  4 500 kg;
—          Tombereaux à châssis articulé;
—          Décapeuses sans essieux ou à châssis suspendu[1];
—          Chargeuses sur roues avec une masse en service > 4 500 kg;
—          Niveleuses;
—          Bouteurs à pneus;
—          Compacteurs de sols;
—          Chargeuses-pelleteuses;
—          Tombereaux à chenilles;
—          Chargeuses à chenilles;
—          Bouteurs à chenilles avec une masse en service ≤  50 000 kg[2];
—          Motobasculeurs avec une masse en service ≤  4 500 kg;
—          Chargeuses compactes avec une masse en service ≤  4 500 kg;
—          Chargeuses articulées avec une masse en service ≤  4 500 kg.
1.4    Les machines suivantes transmettent au siège des vibrations verticales de fréquences suffisamment basses, comprises entre 1 Hz et 20 Hz, pendant le fonctionnement, pour que ces sièges n'aient pas besoin d'une suspension pour atténuer ces vibrations:
—          pelles, y compris les pelles articulées et les pelles à câbles[3];
—          trancheuses;
—          compacteurs de remblai;
—          compacteurs non vibrants, à l'exception des compacteurs de sol;
—          compacteurs vibrants, à l'exception des compacteurs de sol;
—          tracteurs poseurs de canalisations;
—          appareils de forage horizontal dirigé (HDD).
1.5    Les essais et critères définis dans le présent document sont destinés aux sièges d'opérateur utilisés dans les engins de terrassement de conception classique.
NOTE       D'autres essais peuvent être nécessaires pour les engins dont les caractéristiques de conception entraînent des caractéristiques vibratoires significativement différentes.
1.6    Les vibrations qui atteignent l'opérateur autrement que par l'intermédiaire du siège, par exemple celles transmises à ses pieds par la plate-forme ou les pédales de commande, ou à ses mains par le volant, ne sont pas couvertes ici.
[1] Pour les décapeuses automotrices à suspension, on peut utiliser un siège sans suspension ou bien un siège à suspension avec un amortissement élevé.
[2] Pour les bouteurs à chenilles de masse supérieure à 50 000 kg, les exigences de performance du siège sont suffisantes avec un siège de type coussin.
[3] Pour les pelles, les vibrations prédominantes sont généralement situées selon l'axe avant-arrière (X).

Stroji za zemeljska dela - Laboratorijski postopek za ovrednotenje vibracij voznikovega sedeža (ISO 7096:2020)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-Mar-2020
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Sep-2020
• ICS: 13.160 - Vibration and shock with respect to human beings
• ICS: 53.100 - Earth-moving machinery
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 151 - Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 151/WG 1 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 11-Mar-2020
• Completion Date: 11-Mar-2020
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Mandate: M/079 - Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for standardization in the field of machines
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 7096:2020 - Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2020)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 7096:2008/AC:2009 - Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2000)
• Effective Date: 24-Mar-2020
• Replaces: EN ISO 7096:2008 - Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2000)
• Effective Date: 24-Mar-2020

Overview

EN ISO 7096:2020 (ISO 7096:2020) specifies a laboratory method to measure and evaluate how effectively an operator seat suspension reduces vertical whole‑body vibration transmitted to operators of earth‑moving machinery at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz. Aligned with ISO 10326‑1:2016, the standard defines input spectral classes for groups of machines, acceptance criteria for seat performance and reporting requirements. It is applicable to operator seats used on earth‑moving machines as defined in ISO 6165 and is intended primarily for seats of conventional machine designs.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope of measurement: Vertical whole‑body vibration transmitted through the seat (1–20 Hz). Vibrations transmitted via feet, pedals or hands are explicitly excluded.
• Laboratory test method: Simulation of representative vibration inputs using defined input spectral classes for machine groups (e.g., rigid‑frame and articulated dumpers, wheeled loaders, graders, dozers, compactors, backhoe loaders, crawler machines, compact and skid‑steer loaders).
• Machine categories: Specific machine classes are listed, including mass thresholds (for example machines >4 500 kg and compact machines ≤4 500 kg), and notes for special cases (e.g., scrapers with/without suspension, very large crawler dozers).
• Machines with low vertical input: Excavators, trenchers, landfill compactors, (vibratory and non‑vibratory) rollers, pipelayers and horizontal directional drills generally impart low vertical seat vibration and typically do not require seat suspension.
• Performance metrics:
  • SEAT factor - a metric for attenuation performance (defined and used for acceptance criteria).
  • Damping performance - including specific tests for passive and for active/semi‑active seat suspensions.
• Test conditions: Requirements for test seat preparation, run‑in, seat adjustment, test person posture and mass ranges, tolerances on input vibration and required report contents (seat identification and test report information).

Applications and users

EN ISO 7096:2020 is used to:

• Qualify and compare operator seats and suspension systems in laboratory settings.
• Support seat design, procurement and validation for earth‑moving machinery.
• Provide objective data for machine manufacturers, seat suppliers, testing laboratories and certification bodies.
• Support compliance and safety assessments by regulators, health & safety organizations and employers.

Typical users include:

• Machine and seat manufacturers
• Test laboratories and R&D teams
• Regulatory and conformity assessment bodies
• Fleet managers and occupational health professionals

Related standards and regulatory context

• ISO 10326‑1:2016 (laboratory simulation of vehicle seat vibration) - normative reference.
• ISO 6165 (classification of earth‑moving machinery) - defines applicable machine types.
• EN ISO 7096:2020 includes an informative Annex ZA relating to Directive 2006/42/EC (Machinery Directive) for conformity assessment.

Keywords: EN ISO 7096:2020, ISO 7096:2020, earth‑moving machinery, operator seat vibration, seat suspension, laboratory evaluation, whole‑body vibration, SEAT factor, damping performance.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 7096:2008
SIST EN ISO 7096:2008/AC:2009
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Laboratorijski postopek za ovrednotenje vibracij
voznikovega sedeža (ISO 7096:2020)
Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO
7096:2020)
Erdbaumaschinen - Laborverfahren zur Bewertung der Schwingungen des
Maschinenführersitzes (ISO 7096:2020)
Engins de terrassement - Évaluation en laboratoire des vibrations transmises à
l'opérateur par le siège (ISO 7096:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 7096:2020
ICS:
13.160 Vpliv vibracij in udarcev na Vibration and shock with
ljudi respect to human beings
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 7096
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.160; 53.100 Supersedes EN ISO 7096:2008
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory evaluation of
operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2020)
Engins de terrassement - Évaluation en laboratoire des Erdbaumaschinen - Laborverfahren zur Bewertung der
vibrations transmises à l'opérateur par le siège (ISO Schwingungen des Maschinenführersitzes (ISO
7096:2020) 7096:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 February 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 7096:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 4

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 7096:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127 "Earth-
moving machinery" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment
and building material machines - Safety” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2020, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 7096:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 7096:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 7096:2020 without any modification.

Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive2006/42/EC aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request “M/396
Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for Standardisation in the field of machinery" to provide one voluntary
means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament
and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements
of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex I of Directive
2006/42/EC
The relevant Essential
Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of
Requirements of Directive Remarks/Notes
this EN
2006/42/EC
th
1.1.8 Seating, 4 para, first All normative clauses
sentence
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this
European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European
Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official
Journal of the European Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the
scope of this standard.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7096
Fourth edition
2020-02
Earth-moving machinery —
Laboratory evaluation of operator seat
vibration
Engins de terrassement — Évaluation en laboratoire des vibrations
transmises à l'opérateur par le siège
Reference number
ISO 7096:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
ISO 7096:2020(E)
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

ISO 7096:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms. 3
4 General . 4
5 Test conditions and test procedure . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 Simulation of vibration . 5
5.3 Test seat . 5
5.3.1 General. 5
5.3.2 Run-in . 5
5.3.3 Seat adjustment . 5
5.4 Test person and posture . 5
5.5 Input vibration . 6
5.5.1 Simulated input vibration test to evaluate the SEAT factor . 6
5.5.2 Damping test . 6
5.5.3 Damping test for active and semi-active suspension systems . 7
5.6 Tolerances on input vibration . 7
5.6.1 General. 7
5.6.2 Distribution function . 7
5.6.3 Power spectral density and rms values. 7
6 Acceptance values . 8
6.1 SEAT factor . 8
6.2 Damping performance. 8
7 Seat identification . 9
8 Information for use . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Test report . 9
Bibliography .23
ISO 7096:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery,
Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements, in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 151, Construction equipment and
building material machines - Safety, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between
ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 7096:2000), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 1, horizontal direction drills added to the list of machines with low vertical vibration inputs;
— crawler dumpers added to Table 4 and aligned with Figure 7;
— whole document, update of normative references;
— skid steer loaders with tracks have been added;
— 5.4, reference to the posture of the test person added and total mass of heavy person updated;
— 5.5.2, informative note for bag filling;
— 5.5.3, damping test for active and semi-active suspension systems added;
— Table 2, Power Spectral Density of class EM 1 and EM 3 modified;
— Table 3, Filter cut-off frequencies of class EM 1 modified;
— Table 4, Characteristics of the simulated input vibration modified for the following machine types:
— Articulated or rigid frame dumper >4 500 kg;
— Wheel loader >4 500 kg.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

ISO 7096:2020(E)
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
ISO 7096:2020(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.)
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or
type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of
the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of
this type-C standard.
The operators of earth-moving machinery are often exposed to a low frequency vibration environment
partly caused by the movement of the machines over uneven ground and the tasks carried out. The seat
constitutes the last stage of suspension before the operator. To be efficient at attenuating the vibration,
the suspension seat should be chosen according to the dynamic characteristics of the machine. The
design of the seat and its suspension are a compromise between the requirements of reducing the effect
of vibration and shock on the operator and providing him with stable support so that he can control the
machine effectively.
Thus, seat vibration attenuation is a compromise of a number of factors and the selection of seat
vibration parameters needs to be taken in context with the other requirements for the seat.
The performance criteria provided in this document have been set in accordance with what is attainable
using what is at present the best design practice. They do not necessarily ensure the complete protection
of the operator against the effects of vibration and shock. They could be revised in the light of future
developments and improvements in suspension design.
The test inputs included in this document are based on a very large number of measurements taken in
situ on earth-moving machinery used under severe but typical operating conditions. The test methods
are based on ISO 10326-1:2016, which is a general method applicable to seats for different types of
machines.
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7096:2020(E)
Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of
operator seat vibration
1 Scope
1.1 This document specifies, in accordance with ISO 10326-1:2016, a laboratory method for measuring
and evaluating the effectiveness of the seat suspension in reducing the vertical whole-body vibration
transmitted to the operator of earth-moving machines at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz. It also
specifies acceptance criteria for application to seats on different machines.
1.2 This document is applicable to operator seats used on earth-moving machines as defined in
ISO 6165.
1.3 This document defines the input spectral classes required for the following earth-moving machines.
Each class defines a group of machines having similar vibration characteristics:
— rigid-frame dumpers >4 500 kg operating mass;
— articulated-frame dumpers;
1)
— scrapers without axle or frame suspension ;
— wheeled loaders >4 500 kg operating mass;
— graders;
— wheeled dozers;
— soil compactors;
— backhoe loaders;
— crawler dumpers;
— crawler loaders;
2)
— crawler-dozers ≤50 000 kg operating mass ;
— compact dumpers ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
— wheeled compact loaders ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
— skid-steer loaders, wheeled ≤4 500 kg and tracked ≤6 000 kg operating mass.
1.4 The following machines impart sufficiently low vertical vibration inputs at frequencies between
1 Hz and 20 Hz to the seat during operation that these seats do not require suspension for the attenuation
of transmitted vibration:
3)
— excavators, including walking excavators and cable excavators ;

1) For scrapers with suspension, either a seat with no suspension can be used, or one having a suspension
with high damping.
2) For crawler dozers greater than 50 000 kg, the seat performance requirements are suitably provided by a
cushion type seat.
3) For excavators, the predominant vibration is generally in the fore and aft (X) axis.
ISO 7096:2020(E)
— trenchers;
— landfill compactors;
— non-vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
— vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
— pipelayers;
— horizontal directional drills (HDD).
1.5 The tests and criteria defined in this document are intended for operator seats used in earth-
moving machines of conventional design.
NOTE Other tests can be appropriate for machines with design features that result in significantly different
vibration characteristics.
1.6 Vibration which reaches the operator other than through the seat, for example that sensed by the
operator’s feet on the platform or control pedals or by the operator´s hands on the steering-wheel, is not
covered.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2041:2018, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring — Vocabulary
ISO 2631-1:1997/Amd 1:2010, Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-
body vibration — Part 1: General requirements; Amendment 1
ISO 8041-1:2017, Human response to vibration — Measuring instrumentation — Part 1: General purpose
vibration meters
ISO 10326-1:2016, Mechanical vibration — Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration —
Part 1: Basic requirements
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13090-1:1998, Mechanical vibration and shock — Guidance on safety aspects of tests and experiments
with people — Part 1: Exposure to whole-body mechanical vibration and repeated shock
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100, ISO 2041 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp.
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/ .
3.1.1
whole-body vibration
vibration transmitted to the body as a whole through the buttocks of a seated operator
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

ISO 7096:2020(E)
3.1.2
input spectral class
ride vibration characteristics at the seat attachment point for machines, grouped by virtue of various
vibration characteristics
3.1.3
operating mass
mass of the base machine, with equipment and empty attachment in the most usual configuration as
specified by the manufacturer, and with the operator (75 kg), full fuel tank and all fluid systems (i.e.
hydraulic oil, transmission oil, engine oil, engine coolant) at the levels specified by the manufacturer
and, when applicable, with sprinkler water tank(s) half full
[SOURCE: ISO 6016:2008, 3.2.1, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been deleted.]
3.1.4
operator seat
portion of the machine provided for the purpose of supporting the buttocks and back of the seated
operator, including any suspension system and other mechanisms provided (for ex
...