FprEN 1423
(Main)Road marking materials - Drops on materials - Glass beads, antiskid aggregates and mixtures of the two
Road marking materials - Drops on materials - Glass beads, antiskid aggregates and mixtures of the two
This European Standard specifies the requirements for laboratory tests (production control) and qualification procedures for the following drop on materials used in road markings.
These materials are dropped on to paints, thermoplastics, cold plastics and any other marking product applied in a liquid state, immediately after application to the road surface.
The requirements taken into consideration in this standard are :
- glass beads : granulometry, refractive index of the glass, chemical resistance, quality, surface treatments ;
- antiskid aggregates : granulometry, chemical characteristics, friability, colour ;
- mixtures of glass beads and antiskid aggregates; and the requirements for both components.
Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Nachstreumittel - Glasperlen, Griffigkeitsmittel, Nachstreugemische
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an Laborprüfungen (Produktionskontrolle) und Eignungs¬verfahren für die folgenden Nachstreumittel fest, die in Straßenmarkierungen verwendet werden.
Diese Nachstreumittel werden auf Markierungsfarben, Heißplastikmassen, Kaltplastikmassen und jegliche anderen Markierungsmittel, die in flüssigem Zustand aufgetragen werden, unmittelbar nach deren Applikation auf die Straßenoberfläche gestreut.
Die in dieser Norm berücksichtigten Anforderungen sind:
für Glasperlen: Beschaffenheit des Rohstoffs, chemische Zusammensetzung, Korngrößenverteilung, Brechungsindex des Glases, chemische Beständigkeit, Qualität, Oberflächenbehandlungen;
für Griffigkeitsmittel: chemische Eigenschaften, Zerreibbarkeit, Farbe, Korngrößenverteilung;
für Gemische aus Glasperlen und Griffigkeitsmitteln: die Anforderungen an beide Bestandteile.
Produits de marquage routier - Produits de saupoudrage - Microbilles de verre, granulats antidérapants et mélange de ces deux composants
Materiali za označevanje vozišča - Materiali za posipanje - Steklene kroglice, posipi za zmanjšanje drsnosti in mešanice obeh
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2009
0DWHULDOL]DR]QDþHYDQMHYR]LãþD0DWHULDOL]DSRVLSDQMH6WHNOHQHNURJOLFHSRVLSL
]D]PDQMãDQMHGUVQRVWLLQPHãDQLFHREHK
Road marking materials - Drops on materials - Glass beads, antiskid aggregates and
mixtures of the two
Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Nachstreumittel - Glasperlen, Griffigkeitsmittel,
Nachstreugemische
Produits de marquage routier - Produits de saupoudrage - Microbilles de verre, granulats
antidérapants et mélange de ces deux composants
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1423
ICS:
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1423
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2008
ICS 93.080.20 Will supersede EN 1423:1997
English Version
Road marking materials - Drops on materials - Glass beads,
antiskid aggregates and mixtures of the two
Produits de marquage routier - Produits de saupoudrage - Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Nachstreumittel -
Microbilles de verre, granulats antidérapants et mélange de Markierungs-Glasperlen, Griffigkeitsmittel,
ces deux composants Nachstreugemische
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 226.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
: This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
Warning
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1423:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
Contents
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Definitions .5
4 Requirements for glass beads .5
5 Requirements for antiskid aggregates .8
6 Mixture of glass beads and antiskid aggregates.9
7 Sampling.10
8 Evaluation of conformity.10
9 Marking .13
Annex A ( normative ) Test method to determine the refractive index of the glass beads.14
Annex B (normative) Test methods to determine the resistance of the glass beads to the effects of
water, hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride and sodium ulphide.17
Annex C (normative) Glass bead imperfections.19
Annex D (normative) Test method to determine the quality of the glass beads.23
Annex E (normative) Test method to determine the presence of the moisture proof coating.25
Annex F (normative) Test method to determine the presence of floatation coating.27
Annex G (normative) Test method to determine the friability index of the antiskid aggregates .28
Annex H (informative) Alternative test methods to determine the percentage of defective of glass
beads.31
H.2.2 Procedure .31
H.2.3 Results of counting .32
Annex I (normative) Test Method to determine the presence of dangerous substances. .38
Annex J (Normative) Test method to determine glass beads and aggregates ratio in mixture.39
Annex ZA (Informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
Construction Products Directive.40
Bibliography .49
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 1423:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road equipment”, the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1423:1997.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s).
For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the requirements for laboratory tests (production control) and qualification
procedures for the following drop on materials used in road markings.
These materials are dropped on to paints, thermoplastics, cold plastics and any other marking product applied in a
liquid state, immediately after application to the road surface.
The requirements taken into consideration in this standard are:
- glass bead : raw material nature, chemical composition, granulometry, refractive index of the glass, chemical
resistance, quality, surface treatment ;
- antiskid aggregate : chemical characteristics, friability, colour, granulometry ;
- mixture of glass beads and antiskid aggregates : the requirements for both components.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.
IS0 565, Test sieves - Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet - Nominal sizes of openings
IS0 787-9, General methods of test for pigments and extenders -
Part 9: Determination of pH value of an aqueous suspension
IS0 2591-1, Test sieving - Part 1: Methods using test sieves of woven wire cloth and perforated metal plate
ISO 3310-1, Test sieves: Technical requirements and check
EN ISO 5725, Precision of test methods – Determination of repeatability and reproducibility for a standard test
method by inter-laboratory test
IS0 7724-2 , Paints and varnishes - Colorimetry - Part 2: Colour measurement
ISO/CIE 10526, CIE Standard colorimetric illuminants
EN 12802, Road marking materials – Laboratory methods for identification
EN 13212, Road marking materials – Requirements for the factory production control
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this product standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1
types of drop-on materials
3.1.1
glass bead
transparent spherical glass particle, used to provide night visibility for the road markings by retroreflecting the
incident headlight beams of a vehicle towards the driver.
This product is defined by four characteristics: refractive index, quality, granulometry, resistance to chemicals. In
addition, surface treatment with its intended use shall be declared by manufacturer (if any).
3.1.2
antiskid aggregate
hard grain of natural or artificial origin, used to provide antiskid qualities for the road markings.
This product is defined by two characteristics: granulometry, friability index. For non-transparent antiskid aggregate
only, third characteristic is color co-ordinates and luminance factor.
3.1.3
mixture of glass beads and antiskid aggregates
this product is a combination of here above product criterias and their relative ratio.
3.2
intermediate bulk container (IBC)
container with a capacity of up to 1300 kg, used as an intermediate solution in between bags and tins (25 kg to 50
kg) and bulk transport.
4 Requirements for glass beads
4.1 Dangerous substances
In order to check the content of arsenic, lead and antimony, the glass beads shall be tested in accordance with
annex I
Each element (As, Pb, Sb) shall be separately classified into one of the three following classes:
- Class 0: NPD
- Class 1: ≤ 1000 ppm
- Class 2: ≤ 200 ppm
4.2 Granulometry
The granulometry of the glass beads shall be described giving the minimum and the maximum percentages by
mass of the cumulative retained glass beads on metal wire cloth test sieves: IS0 565 - Sizes R 40/3 using the test
sieving procedure defined in IS0 2591-1.
Granulometries shall be described by selecting sieves in accordance with the following rules (also see table 1):
- the upper safety sieve shall retain less than 0 % to 2 % of the total mass of the glass beads ;
- the upper nominal sieve shall retain 2% to 10 % of the beads ;
- if necessary, intermediate sieves shall be added to limit the ratio between the nominal sizes of openings of
two successive sieves to a maximum of 1,7 : 1 ;
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
- for each of the intermediate sieves, the range by mass between the minimum N % and the maximum N %
1 2
of the cumulative retained percentages shall be not more than 40 % (N - N ≤ 40) ;
2 1
- the lower nominal sieve shall retain 95 % to 100 % of the beads.
Table 1 - Selecting sieves for glass beads
Sieves IS0 565 R 40/3 Cumulative retained mass
%
upper safety 0 to 2
upper nominal 0 to 10
intermediate N to N
1 2
lower nominal 95 to 100
Examples of the interpretation of the rules to specify the granulometry of glass beads are given in table 2 and
Table 3.
Table 2 - Example 1: 425-90 microns
Sieves IS0 565 R 40/3 Cumulative retained mass
µm %
500 0 to 2
425 0 to 10
250 20 to 60
150 60 to 95
90 95 to 100
Table 3 - Example 2: 600-125 microns
Sieves IS0 565 R 40/3 Cumulative retained mass
µm %
710 0 to 2
600 0 to 10
355 30 to 70
212 70 to 100
125 95 to 100
The reference method to determine the granulometry of the glass beads is IS0 2591-1
4.3 Refractive index
The refractive index n of the glass beads, shall be determined in accordance with annex A. It shall conform to the
following classes:
Class A : n ≥ 1,5;
Class B : n ≥ 1,7;
Class C : n ≥ 1,9.
4.4 Resistance to chemicals : water, hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride and sodium sulphide
The resistance shall be determined in accordance with annex B and glass beads shall not develop any surface
haze or dulling when in contact with any of the following: water, hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride and sodium
sulfide.
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
4.5 Quality requirements
The reference method of testing quality is described in annex D; glass beads with imperfections as described in
annex C shall be considered defective.
Quality of glass beads = 100% minus total weighted percentage of defective glass beads.
Applying the reference method and taking into consideration only one defect per bead, the maximum weighted
percentage of defective beads shall be 20 % including a maximum of 3 % of grains and foreign particles (see table 4).
If a granulometry includes beads with diameters lower than 1 mm and diameters equal to or greater than 1 mm they
shall be separated by means of a sieve with nominal sizes of openings of 1 mm and checked separately.
Table 4 - Maximum weighted percentage of defective glass beads
Diameter of glass beads Maximum weighted Maximum weighted
mm percentage of defective percentage of grains and
glass beads foreign particles
% %
< 1 20 3
20 3
≥ 1
1) Checking separately the glass beads with diameters lower than 1mm and diameters equal to or greater
than 1mm, the quality of each fraction shall be recorded separately in the results of counting.
2) When alternative test methods are used as in Annex H (informative) of this European Standard, the
correlated values shall be applied. Method described in annex D (normative) shall be always considered
as the reference test method.
4.6 Surface treatments of the glass beads
Special coatings may be applied to the surface of the glass beads to enhance their properties.
4.6.1 Moisture proof coating
When the manufacturer declares the presence of a moisture proof coating the glass beads shall be tested in
accordance with annex E. When procedure A of annex E is used 80 % of the glass beads shall pass the test
showing the presence of the moisture proof coating. When procedure B of annex E is used the glass beads shall
pass the test without any flow stoppage. When procedure A fails procedure B shall be used.
4.6.2 Floatation coating
When the manufacturer declares the presence of a floatation coating the glass beads shall be tested in accordance
with annex F. When procedure of annex F is not applicable, then an alternative test method shall be declared by
the manufacturer.
4.6.3 Adhesion coating
When the manufacturer declares the presence of an adhesion coating it shall be proved by testing the glass beads
in accordance with a test method declared by the manufacturer.
4.6.4 Other coatings
When the manufacturer declares the presence of a coating, other than those in 4.6.1, 4.6.2 and 4.6.3, it shall be
proved by testing the glass beads in accordance with a test method declared by the manufacturer.
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
5 Requirements for antiskid aggregates
5.1 Chemical characteristics
5.1.1 pH value
The pH value of the antiskid aggregates shall be determined in accordance with ISO 787-9. The ph value shall be
not less than 5 and not greater than 11.
5.1.2 Dangerous substances
In order to check the content of arsenic, lead and antimony, the glass aggregates shall be tested in accordance
with annex I
Each element (As, Pb, Sb) shall be separately classified into one of the following three classes:
- Class 0: NPD
- Class 1: ≤ 1000 ppm
- Class 2: ≤ 200 ppm
5.2 Friability index
The friability index of the antiskid aggregates shall be determined in accordance with annex G.
The maximum value of the friability index shall be indicated in the data sheet of the product.
5.3 Colour co-ordinates and luminance factor
If the antiskid aggregate is not transparent, the chromaticity co-ordinates and the luminance factor shall be
determined in accordance with IS0 7724-2. The chromaticity co-ordinates shall lie inside the region defined by the
corner points given in table 5 and the luminance factor ß shall be greater than 0,70 :
Table 5 - Corner points of the chromaticity regions for non transparent antiskid aggregates
Corner point No. 2 3 4
X
0,355 0,305 0,285 0,335
y 0,355 0,305 0,325 0,375
Sample preparation; since the grains of the antiskid aggregates are not fine
enough to form a tablet when pressed without a binder, as done for the barium sulphate reflectance standard
in accordance with IS0 7724-2, the antiskid aggregates are pressed as for the BaSO standard in IS0 7724-2
; but after removing the glass the material is kept in the container with the uncovered surface upward in a
horizontal position for illumination and observation.
5.4 Granulometry
The granulometry of the antiskid aggregates shall be described giving the minimum and the maximum
percentages, by mass, of the cumulative retained particles on metal wire cloth test sieves IS0 565 - sizes R 40/3 -
using the test sieving procedure defined in IS0 2591-1.
Granulometries shall be described by selecting sieves in accordance with the following rules (also see table 6):
- the upper safety sieve shall retain less than 2 % of the total mass of the antiskid aggregates ;
- the upper nominal sieve shall retain 0 % to 10 % of the aggregates ;
- if necessary, intermediate sieves shall be added to limit the ratio between the nominal sizes of openings of
two successive sieves to a maximum of 1,7 to 1 ;
- for each of the intermediate sieves, the range by mass between the minimum N % and the maximum N %
1 2
of the cumulative retained percentages shall be not more than 40 % (N - N ≤ 40) ;
2 1
- the lower nominal sieve shall retain 95 % to 100 % of the aggregates ;
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
- the lower safety sieve shall retain 99 % to 100 % of the aggregates; this sieve shall not be lower than 90
microns.
Table 6 - Selecting sieves for aggregates
Sieves IS0 565 Cumulative retained mass
%
R 40/3
upper safety 0 to 2
upper nominal 0 to 10
N to N
intermediate
1 2
lower nominal 95 to 100
lower safety 99 to 100
Examples of the interpretation of the rules to specify the granulometry of the antiskid aggregates are given in table
7 and table 8.
Table 7 - Example 3: 710-150 microns
Sieves IS0 565 Cumulative retained mass
R 40/3
%
1 mm 0 to 2
710 µm 0 to 10
425 µm 5 to 25
250 µm 40 to 80
150 µm 95 to l00
90 µm 99 to 100
Table 8 - Example 4: 1000-150 microns
Sieves IS0 565 Cumulative retained mass
R40/3
%
1,18 mm 0 to 2
1 mm 0 to 10
600 µm 10to 50
355 µm 50 to 80
212 µm 85 to 100
150 µm 95 to 100
90 µm 99 to 100
6 Mixture of glass beads and antiskid aggregates
In a mixture of glass beads and antiskid aggregates the glass beads shall conform to clause 4 and the antiskid
aggregates shall conform to clause 5 of this product standard. The tests on the glass beads and the antiskid
aggregates to be incorporated in mixtures shall be conducted separately before mixing.
In order to check the relative ratio between glass beads and antiskid aggregates in a mixture, the test method
described in annex J shall be used.
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
7 Sampling
In order to test glass beads, antiskid aggregates and mixtures of them a representative sample of the material to be
tested shall be taken as follows.
The drop on material sample shall be taken from at least three bags or one Intermediate Bulk
Container (IBC).
When M, in kilogramms, is the mass of the drop on material to be tested, at least 1,5 kg of the material shall be
taken by inserting an appropriate probe in the full height of a certain number 'S' of bags, or inserting the probe S
times in the whole height of an IBC. The probe shall be driven to the bottom of the bag, in an upright position, or
into the IBC containing the material to be tested.
Another possibility to take a representative sample from the S bags is to use a 1/1 splitter.
S is calculated by the formula: S = M / 150; and it shall be rounded up to the next higher unit
A representative sample shall be obtained by mixing the material taken with the S insertions of the probe in the
bags. The representative sample shall be split by means of a 1/1 splitter in the number of samples necessary for
the tests.
NOTE: A test probe can be constructed from a tube of 28 mm to 34 mm diameter and 1000 mm to 1200
mm in length. The end of the probe which reaches the bottom of the bag or the IBC should be fitted with a
plugging system. After penetration of the probe to the full depth of the bag or the IBC, the plug is inserted
and the probe removed. The contents of the probe represent a single sample of the material to be tested.
When sampling into the IBC, if the test probe can not go to the full depth of the container, the following alternative
method shall be used:
- a quantity of 20kg +/- 1 kg shall be removed from the IBC in a bucket
- the content of the bucket shall be split by means of a 1/1 splitter in the number of samples necessary
for the tests.
8 Evaluation of conformity
8.1 General
The conformity of drop on materials with the requirements of this European Standard and with the declared values
shall be demonstrated by:
- initial type testing;
- factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment.
The initial type testing shall be performed for each production unit separately and on each distinct granulometry.
For the purposes of testing, the drop on materials may be grouped into families, where it is considered that the
results for one or more characteristics from any one product within the family are representative for that same
characteristics for all drop on materials within that same family (a product may be in different families for different
characteristics). The only characteristics where the grouping in families are allowed are:
- for glass beads: refractive index and resistance to water , hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride and sodium
sulphide
- for antiskid aggregates: friability index ; if the antiskid aggregates are not transparent : colour co-ordinates
and luminance factor
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
8.2 Initial type testing (ITT)
8.2.1 General
An initial type test is the complete set of tests or other procedures, in respect of the characteristics to be assessed,
determining the performance of samples of products representative of the product type.
Initial type testing shall be performed to show conformity with this European Standard for glass beads, anti-skid
aggregates and mixtures being put onto the market and:
- at the beginning of the production of a new or modified glass bead, anti-skid aggregate, a change to
the raw material or supplier of the components where this could affect the performance of the
product,
- at the beginning of a new or modified method of production.
If ITT is the responsibility of a certification body (e.g. for regulatory marking),
- the certification body is responsible for the sampling for the initial type test of the product;
- the certification body checks if the initial type test is carried out according to the provisions of this
standard;
- the manufacturer has to demonstrate that the samples are representative for the product (industrial
product);
- the certification body decides if the grouping is acceptable and/or verifies it by testing some samples
of the family.
8.2.2 Characteristics
All characteristics in Clauses 4 and 5 shall be subject to initial type testing.
8.2.3. Sampling, testing and compliance criteria
Initial type testing shall be performed on samples of products representative for the manufactured products
(industrial production, no prototype production on lab scale) .
8.2.3.1 Sampling procedure
If Initial type testing is the responsibility of a certification body the certification body (e.g. for regulatory marking)
shall evaluate the representativity of the sampled product (comparison with available test result(s) of FPC for this
product).
The method of sampling shall be as defined in clause 7 of this European standard.
8.2.3.2 Testing and conformity criteria
For each type of drop-on product the number of characteristics to be assessed shall be in accordance with table 9.
Table 9 – Number of characteristics, number of samples and conformity criteria for initial type testing
Characteristic Requirement Number of
clause samples /tests
by product or
family
(*1)
Refractive index (of the glass beads) 4.3 2 / family
Granulometry 4.2 and/or 5.4 1 / product
Quality ( proportion of defective glass beads) 4.5 1/ product
(*1)
Colour co-ordinates (x,y), of non-transparent anti-skid 5.3 2 / family
aggregates
(*1)
Luminance factor (ß), of non-transparent anti-skid 5.3 2 / family
aggregates.
(*1)
Resistance to chemicals (for glass beads) 4.4 2 / family
(*1)
Resistance to fragmentation (for anti-skid aggregates) 5.2 2 / family
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
(*1)
As long as there is only one product in the family only one sample has to be tested for ITT. From 2 products on
a second product has to be sampled to carry out an ITT of this characteristic to show the results for this
characteristic are representative for all drop on material within this same family. (See clause 8.1 of this standard)
The result of all type tests shall be reported by the certification body and held by the manufacturer for at least 5
years after the last date of production of the product(s) to which they apply.
8.3 Factory Production control (FPC)
The rules for FPC are given in EN 13212.
8.4 Inspection of the factory production control
When required, inspection of the factory and of the factory production control shall be made on the provisions
contained in EN 13212 and clause 8.4 of this standard.
8.4.1 Initial inspection of the factory and the Factory Production Control
The initial inspection shall:
- Check that the producer’s FPC system complies with all the requirements of this product standard.
- Visit the production unit, review the resources and check the practical application of the system of
Factory Production Control.
The certification body shall verify whether all requirements of EN 13212 have been dealt with appropriately in the
production control manual and related documents. If this is not the case the certification body will inform the
producer of the non-compliances found and request corrective action, including an updated version of the
documents if necessary.
During the initial inspection the certification body will investigate whether the documented system is implemented in
accordance with the requirements of EN 13212. Items found not to be in compliance are classified as either
observations, remarks or non-conformities. These will all be reported to the producer at the end of the initial
inspection.
The initial type testing (ITT) is not part of the FPC, but has to be carried out in accordance with the test methods
and systems of attestation of conformity described in this standard. (see 8.2.1)
Test results from the FPC shall comply with the requirements of the appropriate part of EN 13212 and the product
specification (manufacturer’s stated values as referred to in clause ZA.1 of Annex ZA of the relevant product
standard). The manufacturer’s stated values and a procedure for the evaluation of the test results shall therefore be
part of the FPC-system.
Results of production control tests of the drop on material relating to this product standard shall be available at the
time of the initial inspection.
Even if one FPC system is used for different production units on one or different sites, all means of production on
all sites have to be visited.
Even if there is an ISO 9001 certificate of conformity it’s the task of the certification body to verify the quality system
covers the requirements of EN 1423 and EN 13212 and to verify the effective implementation.
8.4.2 Continual surveillance of the factory and the factory production control
The Factory Production Control system shall be subject to surveillance as set out below.
Audit of the Factory Production Control system, by visit of the production unit, at least at a minimum frequency of
once per year.
Reviews of relevant quality complaints are to be covered as part of the routine audit.
Assessments of modifications to the Factory Production Control system are in accordance with this European
Standard.
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
Checks on the correct application of product marking.
The certification body exercises the surveillance of the FPC on the basis of the requirements of the EN 1423 and
EN 13212 and on the basis of the initial inspection of the factory and FPC.
The producer is required to have informed the certification body of any changes in the FPC, including modifications
to the factory. Failure to do so may result in a non-compliance being raised by the certification body.
It will be the decision of the certification body whether or not a further inspection visit is necessary at the time of the
announcement of any such changes.
The certification body shall inform the producer about the results of all continuous surveillance visits and shall also
inform the producer of any non-compliances (observations, remarks or non-conformities) it has raised.
The certification body may decide to carry out further visits if serious deficiencies in the FPC are identified.
Where a non-compliance is identified, it is the responsibility of the producer to investigate the cause of the problem
and report to the certification body effective corrective action measures appropriate to the nature of the non-
compliance raised.
In the case of non-implementation of suitable corrective action or continuing non-compliance (non-conformities),
the certification body shall advise the producer of the action it intends to take.
Even if one FPC system is used for different production units on one or different sites, all means of production on
all sites have to be visited.
Even if there is an ISO 9001 certificate of conformity it’s the task of the certification body to verify, during the
surveillance visit, that the quality system covers the requirements of EN 1423 and EN 13212 and to verify the
effective implementation.
9 Marking
The manufacturer shall provide the following information to accompany the product.
Technical data sheet of the product mentioning the granulometry with all the sieves and specifications as defined in
clauses 4.2 and 5.4.
Each packaging of the product shall contain the following identification:
- name or identifying mark of the manufacturer and registered address;
- the last two digits of the year in which the product was manufactured;
- the number of this European standard ( i.e. EN 1423)
- description of the product (type of drop on material: glass beads, antiskid aggregates or mixture of glass
beads and antiskid aggregates and in the last case the proportion of the components;
- the presence of a surface treatment and its intended use
- the batch number
- refractive index
- upper and lower nominal sieves of the granulometry as mentioned on the above mentioned technical data
sheet and/or EC Certificate of Conformity (e.g. 600-125).
- Product identification: Name (e.g. commercial name or other unique identification of a granulometry)
- classes of content for arsenic, lead and antimony
- content of the packaging
Where the above information is also required as part of regulatory marking, compliance with the requirement for
regulatory marking shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of this clause without the need for repetition.
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Annex A
( normative )
Test method to determine the refractive index of the glass beads
The method used to determine the refractive index of glass beads is immersion with oblique illumination.
This technique, known as the Shröber van der Kolk method, only applies to isotropic or to monorefracting bodies,
as is the case where glass beads are concerned.
A.1 Principle
Viewed under the microscope, transparent solids which are immersed in a liquid give an image bounded by dark or
luminous bands. The appearance will vary, depending upon the difference between the refractive indices of the
two bodies, according to their dispersing capacity and illumination.
Under axial lighting conditions index differences are perceptible; but they become considerably more pronounced
under oblique lighting, due to the fact that under such conditions the bands become sharper on one side than on
the other. Their position is determined by the direction of the incident beam and by the difference between the
index of the solid under examination and that of the liquid in which it is immersed.
Figure A.1 : Provides an illustration of the technique used for determination of the refractive index by immersion
with oblique illumination.
+ refractive index for the body higher than that for the
liquid. Shadow on screen side.
= refractive index for the body equal to that for the
liquid. No shadow, coloured edging.
- refractive index for the body lower than that for the
liquid. Shadow on the opposite side to the screen.
Key:
1 Cardboard or screen
2 dark part of the field
Figure A.1 – Schematic diagram showing the technique for determining the refractive index
NOTE : The position of the shaded part of the field may be reversed, depending upon the microscope setting. Only the position
of the screen should therefore be taken into account.
Where devices are fitted with an image rectifier (magnifiers and certain microscopes), the phenomenon is reversed.
If there is any doubt as to the properties of the device which is being used, a test should be carried out with water,
since glass beads always have a higher refractive index. This will reveal how the phenomenon appears.
When preparing in advance a series of liquids with known indices and immersing the test objects in them one after
the other, it will be determined either that there is a liquid with the same index or that the index for the test object
falls between the indices for two liquids, one higher and one lower.
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A.2 Equipment and materials
In order to perform the test, the following equipment and materials are required :
- a microscope ;
- liquids with a known refractive index ;
- a concave microscope slide ;
- a piece of black board, measuring approximately 10 cm x 15 cm.
A.2.1 Microscope
The microscope used in this procedure should be of a conventional type, of a design which affords the user access
to the area between the light source and the condenser.
The microscope shall be fitted with a 10× or 15× magnification lens and with a 6× or 8× magnification eye piece.
The phenomena do not appear clearly unless the condenser is turned to the maximum setting with the iris at full
aperture and using an average magnification (20× diameter).
A.2.2 Liquids with known refractive index
In order to obtain liquid scales graduate indices, either pure bodies with a constant known refractive index may be
used or, alternatively, mixtures.
Examples of liquids used for glass beads having the following refractive indices at 20° C :
- Vaseline oil 1,470
- 1-iodopropane 1,505
- cedar wood oil 1,510
- methyl salicylate 1,530
- bromobenzene 1,560
- 1,1-diphenylethylen 1,610
- 1-bromnaphthalin 1,658
- diiodomethane 1,755
Refractive indices may be checked by the use of an Abbe refractometer, with the temperature corrected to 23 °C.
A.3 Procedure
Take the glass beads and place them on the concave slide, then immerse them in a liquid with a known refractive
index:
- place the concave slide in the specimen holder of the microscope ;
- turn the condenser to the maximum setting ;
- open the iris to the full aperture ;
- light the specimen from below ;
- slip the board with the straight edges in below the condenser, so as to obscure half of the field visible through
the eye piece, which will give angled illumination of the remaining visible part of the field ;
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- observe the glass beads in the illuminated area of the field in view through the eye piece ;
- compare observations with the diagram in figure A.1 ;
- depending upon the conclusions reached, repeat the above procedure and continue to repeat this procedure,
using liquids with different refractive indices, until a liquid is found with a refractive index identical to that of the
glass beads ; or until two liquids are found with close refractive indices, as listed in A.2.2, which sandwich the
index for the glass beads.
A.4 Expression of the results
Show the index found, or the indices for the two liquids on either side of the index for the test subjects, specifying
the temperature at which the test was carried out and quoting references for the glass beads which have been
examined.
prEN 1423:2008 (E)
Annex B
(normative)
Test methods to determine the resistance of the glass beads to the effects
of water, hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride and sodium ulphide
Samples taken for testing shall be weighed on scales with an accuracy of 0,1 g.
B.1 Resistance to the effects of water
In a distillation flask fitted with a glass tube at the top, this tube to serve as a reflux condenser, boil 10 g ± 0,1 g of
glass beads for 60 min ± 10 s in 100 g ± 1 g of CO free water. After the test objects have been boiled for the
required period, filter the glass beads, cool the liquid to room temperature and then add two drops of
phenolphthalein solution as an indicator.
Using a 0,01 mol/l solution of hydrochloric acid, titrate the liquid until the phenolphthalein changes colour. A blank
test shall be carried out in parallel.
Note any changes which appear in the surface using the microscope at an enlargement of between 20× and 50× ;
note also the quantity of 0,01 mol/l HCl used.
B.2 Resistance to the effects of hydrochloric acid
Immerse 10 g ± 0,1 g of glass beads in 100 ml ± 0,1 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid solution, buffered to give a pH of
5,0 to 5,3, for 90 h at a temperature of 20 °C ± 3 °C.
With the help of a microscope with 20× to 50× magnification, note any changes which may have appeared on the
surface after the glass beads have been rinsed in distilled water and dried.
B.3 Resistance to the effects of calcium chloride
Immerse 10 g ± 0,1 g of glass beads in 100 ml ± 0,1 ml of a normal solution of calcium chloride for 3 h at a
temperature of 20 °C ± 3 °C.
× to 50× magnification note any changes which may have appeared on the
With the help of a microscope with 20
surface after the glass beads have been rinsed in distilled water and dried.
B.4 Resistance to the effects of sodium ulphide
B.4.1 Apparatus and reagents
- microscope, with minimum magnification of 10 ;
- 50 ml bottle with a glass stopper ;
- distilled water ;
a saturated solution of sodium sulphide in distilled water at 20°C with the addition of 2,0%
-
anionic wetting agent
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B.4.2 Procedure
Take 10 g ± 0,1g of glass beads from a representative sample.
Place the glass beads in a stoppered bottle and cover with the solution containing the sodium ulphide and allow
to stand for 1 h. Pour off the solution containing the sodium ulphide and rinse three times with distilled water.
Dry the glass beads in a oven at 100 °C ± 5 °C and, using the microscope, compare these with an untreated
sample.
B.4.3 Results
When compared with an untreated sample the glass beads shall not be darker.
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Annex C
(normative)
Glass bead imperfections
C.1 Oval glass beads (see figure C.1)
When the ratio of the major diameter D to the minor diameter d is greater than 1,3 (D/d >1,3), the oval glass bead
is considered defective .
Figure C.1 – Oval glass bead
C.2 Satellites (see figure C.2)
When a glass bead supports more than two smaller glass beads, called satellites, or when, in thecase of two
satellites, the ratio of the diameter d of the major of them to the diameter D of the supporting glass bead is greater
than 0,25 (d/D > 0,25 ), the glass bead is considered defective.
Figure C.2 - Satellite
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C.3 Tear shaped glass beads (see figure C.3)
When the ratio of the major dimension L to the minor dimension l is greater than 1,3 (L/l>1,3), the glass bead is
considered defective.
Figure C.3 - Tear shaped glass bead
C.4 Glass beads fused together (see figure C.4)
When the ratio of the major dimension D to the minor dimension D is greater than 1,3
2 1
(D /D > 1,3), the particle is considered a defective glass bead.
2 1
Figure C.4 – Two glass beads fused together
C.5 Roundish glass beads (see figure C.5)
When the ratio of their major dimension L to the minor dimension l is greater than 1,3 (L/l > 1,3), the glass bead is
considered defective.
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Figure C.5 – Roundish glass bead
C.6 Opaque glass beads (see figure C.6)
Opaque glass beads are always considered defective.
Figure C.6 – Opaque glass bead
C.7 Milky glass beads (see figure C.7)
The milky appearance is due to gaseous inclusions in part or in the whole volume of the bead. Milky glass beads
are always considered defective.
Figure C.7 – Milky glass bead
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C.8 Gas inclusions (see figure C.8)
When the ratio of the sum of the projected area of the bubbles inside a glass beads s to
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