prEN 14944-3 rev
(Main)Influence of cementitious products on water intended for human consumption - Test methods - Part 3: Migration of substances from factory-made cementitious products
Influence of cementitious products on water intended for human consumption - Test methods - Part 3: Migration of substances from factory-made cementitious products
This European Standard specifies a method to determine the migration of substances from factory made cementitious products into test waters after contact with the products.
This European Standard is applicable to factory made cementitious products, e.g. cement mortar linings to metallic pipes, tanks, concrete pipes, etc., intended to be used for the transport and storage of water intended for human consumption, including raw water used for the production of drinking water.
Einfluss zementgebundener Produkte auf Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Prüfverfahren - Teil 3: Migration von Substanzen aus fabrikmäßig hergestellten zementgebundenen Produkten
Influence des produits à base de ciment sur l'eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Méthodes d'essai - Partie 3 : Migration de substances à partir des produits fabriqués en usine
La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode permettant de déterminer la migration des substances issues de produits à base de ciment fabriqués en usine dans les eaux d'essai après contact avec les produits concernés.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux produits à base de ciment fabriqués en usine, tels que les revêtements intérieurs de mortier de ciment appliqués sur des tubes métalliques, des réservoirs, des tubes en béton, etc., destinés à être utilisés pour le transport et le stockage de l'eau destinée à la consommation humaine, y compris l'eau brute utilisée pour la production de l'eau potable.
Vpliv cementnih proizvodov na pitno vodo - Preskusne metode - 3. del: Prehod snovi iz industrijsko izdelanih cementnih proizvodov
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 14944-3:2015
01-junij-2015
Vpliv cementnih proizvodov na pitno vodo - Preskusne metode - 3. del: Prehod
snovi iz industrijsko izdelanih cementnih proizvodov
Influence of cementitious products on water intended for human consumption - Test
methods - Part 3: Migration of substances from factory-made cementitious products
Einfluss zementgebundener Produkte auf Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch -
Prüfmethoden - Teil 3: Migration von Substanzen aus fabrikmässig hergestellten
zementgebundenen Produkten
Influence des produits à base de ciment sur l'eau destinées à la consommation humaine
- Méthodes d'essais - Partie 3 : Migration de substances à partir des produits fabriqués
en usine
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 14944-3 rev
ICS:
13.060.20 Pitna voda Drinking water
67.250 Materiali in predmeti v stiku z Materials and articles in
živili contact with foodstuffs
91.100.10 Cement. Mavec. Apno. Malta Cement. Gypsum. Lime.
Mortar
oSIST prEN 14944-3:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 14944-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2015
ICS 13.060.20; 67.250 Will supersede EN 14944-3:2007
English Version
Influence of cementitious products on water intended for human
consumption - Test methods - Part 3: Migration of substances
from factory-made cementitious products
Influence des produits à base de ciment sur l'eau destinée Einfluss zementgebundener Produkte auf Wasser für den
à la consommation humaine - Méthodes d'essai - Partie 3 : menschlichen Gebrauch - Prüfmethoden - Teil 3: Migration
Migration de substances à partir des produits fabriqués en von Substanzen aus fabrikmässig hergestellten
usine zementgebundenen Produkten
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 164.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 14944-3:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Principle .7
5 Reagents .8
6 Apparatus .8
7 Samples and test pieces . 10
8 Pre-treatment of samples (curing and preconditioning) . 11
9 Test procedure . 12
10 Analysis . 12
11 Calculation of test results . 13
12 Test report . 13
Annex A (normative) Additional procedures for testing factory made pipes (cement mortar lined
and concrete) . 16
Annex B (normative) Additional procedures for testing factory made fittings (cement mortar
lined and concrete) . 21
Annex C (normative) Additional procedures for testing factory made storage systems (cement
mortar, cement mortar lined and concrete) . 26
Annex D (informative) Examples of typical test pieces and test conditions as a function of S/V
ratio . 31
Annex E (informative) Test arrangements for testing factory made cementitious products . 35
Annex F (normative) Additional procedures for testing factory made cementitious products at
elevated temperature . 42
Annex G (informative) Discrimination between porous and non-porous coatings on factory made
products . 43
Annex H (informative) Schematic description of the test procedure . 45
Annex I (informative) Procedural tests using standard additions (positive controls) . 48
Bibliography . 49
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Foreword
This document (prEN 14944-3:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 "Water supply", the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 14944-3:2007.
In comparison with EN 14944-3:2007, the following changes have been made:
— requirements for disinfection (preconditioning with 50 mg/L chlorine) have been removed;
— procedure for extending the number of migration periods have been included.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association.
This document describes a test method to produce migration waters for the assessment of inorganic and organic
substances.
This European Standard will result in one of a series of standards that support appropriate standards.
This European Standard consists of a series dealing with the influence of cementitious and associated non-
cementitious products/materials on water intended for human consumption, including:
— Part 1: Influence on organoleptic parameters and migration of organic substances (TOC) from factory made
cementitious products
— Part 2: Influence of site-applied cementitious materials and associated non-cementitious products/materials
on organoleptic parameters and migration of organic substances (TOC)
— Part 3: Migration of substances from factory made cementitious products
— Part 4: Migration of substances from site-applied cementitious materials and associated non-cementitious
products/materials
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Introduction
With respect to any potential adverse effects of products and materials on the quality of water intended for human
consumption, it should be understood that relevant national regulations remain in force until verifiable European
acceptance criteria are adopted.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a method to determine the migration of substances from factory made
cementitious products into test waters after contact with the products.
This European Standard is applicable to factory made cementitious products, e.g. cement mortar linings to metallic
pipes, tanks, concrete pipes, etc., intended to be used for the transport and storage of water intended for human
consumption, including raw water used for the production of drinking water.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable
for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement - Part 1: Determination of strength
EN 1015-2, Methods of test for mortar for masonry - Part 2: Bulk sampling of mortars and preparation of test
mortars
EN 1015-11, Methods of test for mortar for masonary - Part 11: Determination of flexural and compressive strength
of hardened mortar
EN 10088-1, Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
EN 12350-1, Testing fresh concrete - Part 1: Sampling
EN 12390-1, Testing hardened concrete - Part 1: Shape, dimensions and other requirements for specimens and
moulds
EN 12390-2, Testing hardened concrete - Part 2: Making and curing specimens for strength tests
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696)
EN ISO 7393-1, Water quality - Determination of free chlorine and total chlorine - Part 1: Titrimetric method using
N, N-diethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (ISO 7393-1)
EN ISO 7393-2, Water quality - Determination of free chlorine and total chlorine - Part 2: Colorimetric method using
N, N-diethyl-1, 4-phenylenediamine, for routine control purposes (ISO 7393-2)
ISO 10523, Water quality - Determination of pH
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
cementitious product
factory made product containing a cementitious material supplied in the hardened state with a formed surface prior
to its incorporation into the construction works
3.2
cementitious material
material that contains a hydraulic cement in sufficient proportion to act as the main binder by forming a hydrate
structure which governs the performance of the material
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3.3
associated non-cementitious product
product which is applied to the surface of a cementitious product, directly or indirectly, during manufacture (or
construction) and which either provides a porous seal to the product or which remains as a residue in contact with
water, e.g. porous seal coats, formwork release agents and curing compounds
3.4
porous seal coat
polymeric (usually organic) materials applied in a thin (25 μm – 200 μm thickness) surface layer to a cement mortar
lining in order to restrict (but not prevent) interactions between the mortar and conveyed water
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 16132 [1].
3.5
proxy sample
sample of fresh mortar or fresh concrete taken from material to be used for the production of a factory made
product, either spray-applied to a laboratory test plate (mortar only) or cast into a mould (mortar or concrete) of
appropriate dimensions (e.g. standard cube, cylinder or prism etc.) and compacted (where appropriate), cured and
hardened under conditions representative of those intended for the product
3.6
fresh concrete
concrete that is fully mixed and still in a condition capable of being compacted by the chosen method
3.7
fresh mortar
cement mortar that is fully mixed and still in a condition of being applied to a substrate by the chosen method
3.8
test
technical operation that consists of the determination of one or more characteristics of a given product
3.9
test procedure
specified technical method for performing a test
3.10
sample
one or more units, or a specified quantity, drawn from a batch or lot, selected at random for inspection, e.g. at the
factory or in a laboratory
3.11
test piece
sample or portion which is to be conditioned, treated or otherwise prepared to be tested to obtain a single test
result
3.12
nominal diameter
DN/ID
DN/OD
numerical designation of the size of a component, which is a whole number approximately equal to the actual
dimensions in millimetres
Note 1 to entry: This applies to either the internal diameter (DN/ID) or the external diameter (DN/OD).
3.13
preconditioning
succession of contact periods of a test piece with the preconditioning water (3.14) before contact with the test water
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3.14
preconditioning water
water used for preconditioning prepared as described in 5.2.1
3.15
test water
water used for testing purposes prepared as described in 5.2.2 and used in accordance with 5.2.3 and 5.2.4
3.16
migration water
test water which has been in contact with a test piece under specified conditions
3.17
blank water
test water which has been kept at the same specified conditions as migration water but without contact with the test
piece
3.18
tap water
drinking water distributed by a public supplier.
Note 1 to entry: Tap water is used as a lubricant/coolant for the sawing and coring operations used to obtain test pieces
generally from products of large dimensions. See normative Annexes A, B and C.
3.19
demineralized water
water conforming to the requirements in EN ISO 3696 for grade 3
4 Principle
Each test piece is subjected to a specified preconditioning procedure where the surface which is exposed in
practice to water intended for human consumption is brought into contact with preconditioning water during five
sequential periods: three periods of 24 h, 1 period of 72 h and a final period of 24 h.
The preconditioned test piece is then brought into contact with test water, chlorinated and/or chlorine-free during
three sequential migration periods. A migration period is either:
a) 72 h at (23 ± 2) °C for products intended to come into contact with chlorinated or chlorine-free cold water;
b) 24 h at a specified elevated temperature for products intended to come into contact with warm or hot chlorine-
free water.
Migration rates are calculated after each contact period by determination of the content of specified substances in
the corresponding migration water.
NOTE 1 The test is carried out under conditions that ensure that reliable migration rates are calculated. These conditions are
not meant to simulate any service condition. Relating the results obtained from this European Standard to the service condition
is carried out using a conversion procedure. This procedure will be specified in regulations.
NOTE 2 The selection of:
c) the appropriate test water, chlorinated and/or chlorine-free, from those made available in this European Standard,
d) the temperature of the test water
is specified in product or system standards or in national or European regulations, as appropriate.
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5 Reagents
Use only reagents of analytical quality unless otherwise stated.
5.1 Sodium hypochlorite solution
Prepared from a technical or general purpose reagent grade of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), using test water
(5.2.2) and having a known concentration of about 0,1 % by mass of free chlorine determined in accordance with
either EN ISO 7393-1 or EN ISO 7393-2.
Unless tests have proved otherwise the sodium hypochlorite solution should be considered unstable and be
prepared on the day of use.
5.2 Waters to be used for testing
5.2.1 Preconditioning water prepared by dissolving (222 ± 2) mg anhydrous calcium chloride (CaCl ) and
2
(336 ± 2) mg sodium hydrogen-carbonate (NaHCO ) in one litre of demineralized water (3.19). The pH is
3
determined in accordance with ISO 10523 and adjusted to 7,4 ± 0,1 by bubbling air and/or CO into the solution.
2
-
NOTE The target total hardness is 200 mg/l as CaCO and the target alkalinity is 244 mg/l as HCO .
3 3
5.2.2 Test water, prepared by dissolving (110 ± 1) mg anhydrous calcium chloride (CaCl ), (140 ± 1) mg sodium
2
hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ) and (48 ± 1) mg sodium silicate (Na SiO .9H O) in one litre of demineralized water.
3 2 3 2
The pH is determined in accordance with ISO 10523 and adjusted to 7,0 ± 0,1 by bubbling air and/or CO into the
2
solution.
-
NOTE The target total hardness is 100 mg/l as CaCO , the target alkalinity is 122 mg/l as HCO and the silica
3 3
concentration is 10 mg/l as SiO .
2
5.2.3 Test water without chlorine content (chlorine-free) shall consist of a batch of test water (5.2.2) used for
contact with test pieces and preparation of the blank water (3.17).
5.2.4 Test water with chlorine content (chlorinated) shall consist of test water (5.2.2) with a free chlorine
content of (1,0 ± 0,2) mg/l as Cl , determined in accordance with either EN ISO 7393-1 or EN ISO 7393-2, after
2
addition of sodium hypochlorite solution (5.1).
5.3 Cleaning liquids for apparatus
Use one of the following cleaning liquids:
— non-perfumed biodegradable detergent;
— hydrochloric acid, 2 mol/l;
— nitric acid, 10 % or 1,5 mol/l.
6 Apparatus
6.1 General
For cleaning the glassware, and appropriate apparatus, before use, the following general requirements apply:
a) Clean the glassware to be used, using detergent (5.3). Rinse the glassware in demineralized water.
b) Clean the inner surface of the glassware with hydrochloric acid (5.3) and rinse it with demineralized water. For
stainless steel, clean with nitric acid (5.3) and then rinse with demineralized water.
c) Before use, rinse the glassware, and appropriate apparatus, at least three times using preconditioning water
before preconditioning (8.3) or test water before the test procedure (Clause 9).
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6.2 Apparatus and materials for test piece preparation (see normative Annexes A, B and C)
6.2.1 Stainless steel plates and cylinders
6.2.1.1 Stainless steel
Stainless steel shall be austenitic, super austenitic or duplex grades in accordance with the corresponding
numerical designations, 1.4301, 1.4436, 1.4429, 1.4259 or 1.4462 in EN 10088-1 for stainless steels.
NOTE The grades above are specified for the use of stainless steel as reinforcement in concrete. Therefore they are
considered to be inert when used in contact with cementitious proxy samples (see normative Annexes A, B and C of this
European Standard).
6.2.1.2 Plates
In order to provide a sufficient volume of migration water for assessment, the surface area of one face of a plate
2 2
should be between 10 000 mm and 90 000 mm . The length/width of the plates should be selected to be
consistent with the dimensions of the test container and the volume of test water in which they will be immersed.
6.2.1.3 Cylinders
The diameter and length of a cylinder should be consistent with the dimensions of the test piece (see normative
Annexes A, B or C and informative Annexes D and E) and the volume of test water appropriate to the specified S/V
ratio given in 7.3.
6.2.2 Glass cylinders
The diameter and length of a glass cylinder should be consistent with the dimensions of the test piece (see
normative Annexes A, B or C and informative Annexes D and E) and the volume of test water appropriate to the
specified S/V ratio given in 7.3. Glass cylinders should be provided with suitable external (opaque) shielding for use
during migration procedures (test pieces and blanks), in order to minimize exposure of migration waters to ambient
light.
6.2.3 Moulds for forming test pieces
Moulds for forming prisms of mortar shall conform to the requirements of EN 196-1, as specified for use in
EN 1015-11, or to EN 12390-1 for forming cubes/cylinders of concrete, with modifications to materials and
dimensional tolerances as specified by the appropriate normative Annex A, B or C of this European Standard.
Clean moulds and any filling frame used with a mould, by thoroughly washing with non-perfumed detergent (5.3)
and tap water (3.18), rinsing with copious amounts of tap water, followed by a final rinse with demineralized water
(3.19) and dry before use.
Where a factory made cementitious product has been formed in a process where its entire contact surface has
been in contact with a release agent then where proxy samples (3.5) are used, the same release agent shall be
applied to the internal surfaces of the mould, otherwise the use of release agents is not permitted by this European
Standard.
6.3 Apparatus and materials for preconditioning and migration procedure
6.3.1 Vessels, containers, stoppers and connectors shall consist of a material, such as glass, PTFE, steel and
stainless steel that is inert under the specified test conditions (Clause 9).
The material PTFE should only be used when there is a small contact area with the test water. Thus PTFE is
unsuitable for containers.
6.3.2 Equipment, capable of maintaining the test temperature within ± 2 °C for the duration of the test.
6.3.3 Where required, use only sealants that do not affect the determinations under the specified test conditions
(see Clause 9).
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7 Samples and test pieces
7.1 Sampling, transport and storage of samples
Carry out sampling of factory made products in accordance with the relevant product standard, system standard or
the national or European regulations, or the relevant normative annex to this European Standard, as appropriate.
Take care that the transport conditions do not influence the test results.
If it is necessary to store samples or test pieces before testing, ensure that they are protected from contamination
taking into account any written instructions that are provided.
Where appropriate, clean storage containers using the same procedures as are used for the test containers.
Ensure that the surfaces of the test pieces intended to come into contact with the test water are free from any
contamination, e.g. adhesive tape, labels, ink or pencil marks.
7.2 Preparation of test pieces
7.2.1 General
Prepare the test pieces in such a way that only the surface intended to come into contact with drinking water is
exposed to the test water except as given in normative Annex C (see C.1.2.3.2.1) where stainless steel plates are
coated with cement mortar on one face only prior to complete immersion during testing.
In the preparation of a test piece the following general principles apply:
a) ensure that test pieces are representative of the finished product;
b) during the preparation of test pieces, include any procedures which are performed in practice for curing and
cleaning;
c) ensure that the minimum age of the test piece, at test, conforms to that recommended by the manufacturer for
the product to be ready for use;
d) ensure that the surface area of the test piece is sufficient to fulfil the appropriate surface area to volume (S/V)
ratio in accordance with the requirements of 7.3.
7.2.2 Factory made pipes, fittings and storage systems
Where possible, use the product or test piece as the test vessel, with dimensions that provide sufficient migration
water for assessment. In cases where this is not practicable (e.g. large pipes, storage systems etc.), and where
alternatives are specified, use as appropriate, an alternative test piece described in the relevant normative
Annex A, B or C to this European Standard and an appropriate test arrangement given in informative Annex E.
NOTE Where it is required to discriminate between porous and non-porous coatings already applied to factory made
products, use the test procedure given in informative Annex G of this European Standard.
7.3 Surface area-to-volume ratio (S/V) for use in the test procedure
7.3.1 General
The following general principles apply for S/V ratios:
a) the surface area to volume ratio (S/V) of the test piece exposed to the test water shall not be smaller than the
S/V ratio of the product in the service condition;
b) where no difference in material composition and production process exists in the range of sizes produced, only
the largest S/V ratio is required to be tested;
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c) the ratio of the surface area, S, of the test piece intended to come into contact with volume, V, of the test water
-1
is expressed per decimetre, i.e. dm .
-1 2 3 2
NOTE The unit, dm , can also be expressed as dm /dm or dm /l.
7.3.2 Pipes and fittings
-1
The S/V ratio is calculated, in dm , according to the formula:
400
(1)
S/V=
[DN/ID]
where
[DN/ID] (3.12) is the nominal internal diameter, in mm.
Test pipes and fittings of DN/ID less than 80, at the actual S/V ratio of the pipe diameter.
-1
Test pipes and fittings of DN/ID equal to 80 and less than 300, at an S/V ratio of (5,0 ± 0,2) dm .
-1
Test pipes and fittings of DN/ID 300 or greater, at an S/V ratio of (1,3 ± 0,1) dm .
NOTE But see 7.3.1 (b) for the acceptable minimum requirement for testing pipes that are produced in a range of sizes.
7.3.3 Storage systems (cement mortar, cement mortar lined or concrete)
-1
Test storage systems at an S/V ratio of (1,3 ± 0,1) dm .
8 Pre-treatment of samples (curing and preconditioning)
8.1 General
The procedures for curing cementitious products are given in 8.2.
The procedure for preconditioning at (23 ± 2) °C is given in 8.3.
8.2 Curing
Ensure that test pieces have been subject either to the curing conditions used in manufacture of the factory made
product or, in the case of test pieces formed from proxy samples (3.5), to curing conditions that are representative
of those used in the manufacture of the factory made product (see the relevant normative Annex A, B or C to this
European Standard).
8.3 Preconditioning
Precondition test pieces at the appropriate S/V ratio given in 7.3.
Fill test pieces with, or immerse them in, or otherwise bring them into contact with (see the test arrangements in
informative Annex E), preconditioning water (5.2.1) for a succession of five contact periods, without rinsing
between contact periods, at a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C as follows:
— three periods of (24 ± 1) h;
— one period of (72 ± 1) h;
— one period of (24 ± 1) h.
After the fifth contact period determine the pH of the preconditioning water in accordance with ISO 10523. If the pH
exceeds 9,5 stop the testing.
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Where the pH exceeds 9,5 preconditioning may be repeated using new test pieces.
The results of co-normative research [2] obtained using this preconditioning water indicate that where the pH
exceeds 9,5 after the fifth contact period, then steps should be taken to first investigate and then eliminate the
cause(s) before proceeding to the test procedure (see Clause 9).
9 Test procedure
9.1 General
Where testing of products intended to come into contact with chlorinated or chlorine-free cold water is required,
carry out the following procedures at 9.2.
Where testing at elevated temperature is required carry out the pr
...
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