CEN ISO/TS 17892-11:2004
(Main)Geotechnical investigation and testing - Laboratory testing of soil - Part 11: Determination of permeability by constant and falling head (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Laboratory testing of soil - Part 11: Determination of permeability by constant and falling head (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
ISO/TS 17892-11:2004 is intended for use in earthworks and foundation engineering. It specifies laboratory test methods to establish the coefficient of permeability of water through water-saturated soils. In the proposed laboratory tests soil specimens are subjected to a flow of water passing through the specimen. The water pressure conditions and volume of water passing through the specimens are measured for evaluation of the permeability.
The results obtained serve to calculate groundwater flow and to assess the permeability of man-made impervious layers and filter layers.
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Laborversuche an Bodenproben - Teil 11: Bestimmung der Durchlässigkeit mit konstanter und fallender Druckhöhe (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais de laboratoire sur les sols - Partie 11: Détermination de perméabilité à charge constante et à charge variable décroissante (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
L'ISO 17892-11:2004 est destinée à être utilisé dans le domaine des techniques de terrassement et de fondations. Il spécifie les méthodes d'essai en laboratoire permettant de déterminer le coefficient de perméabilité à l'eau des sols saturés. Dans les essais décrits, les éprouvettes de sol sont soumises à un écoulement d'eau. La pression et le volume d'eau traversant les éprouvettes sont mesurés afin d'évaluer la perméabilité.
Les résultats obtenus servent à calculer l'écoulement souterrain et à évaluer la perméabilité de couches filtrantes et de couches imperméables anthropiques.
Geotehnično preiskovanje in preskušanje – Laboratorijsko preskušanje zemljin – 11. del: Ugotavljanje prepustnosti s konstantnim in spremenljivim hidravličnim padcem (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
Ta dokument se uporablja pri zemeljskih delih in temeljenju. Določa laboratorijske preskusne metode za ugotavljanje koeficienta prepustnosti vode skozi z vodo zasičene zemljine. V predlaganih laboratorijskih preskusih skozi vzorce zemljin prehaja tok vode. Prepustnost se vrednoti z merjenjem tlaka in volumna vode, ki prehaja skozi vzorec. Dobljeni rezultati se uporabljajo za izračun pretoka podtalnice in za ocenjevanje prepustnosti umetnih neprepustnih plasti in filtrirnih plasti.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2004
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GHO 8JRWDYOMDQMHSUHSXVWQRVWLVNRQVWDQWQLPLQVSUHPHQOMLYLPKLGUDYOLþQLP
SDGFHP ,6276
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Laboratory testing of soil - Part 11:
Determination of permeability by constant and falling head (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Laborversuche an Bodenproben - Teil
11: Bestimmung der Durchlässigkeit mit konstanter und fallender Druckhöhe (ISO/TS
17892-11:2004)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais de laboratoire sur les sols - Partie 11:
Détermination de perméabilité a charge constante et a charge variable décroissante
(ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TS 17892-11:2004
ICS:
13.080.20 Fizikalne lastnosti tal Physical properties of soils
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN ISO/TS 17892-11
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
October 2004
ICS 13.080.20; 93.020
English version
Geotechnical investigation and testing - Laboratory testing of
soil - Part 11: Determination of permeability by constant and
falling head (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
Reconnaissance et essais géotechniques - Essais de sol Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung -
au laboratoire - Partie 11: Détermination de la perméabilité Laborversuche an Bodenproben - Teil 11: Bestimmung der
au perméamètre à charge constante ou variable (ISO/TS Durchlässigkeit mit konstanter und fallender Druckhöhe
17892-11:2004) (ISO/TS 17892-11:2004)
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 2 December 2003 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 17892-11:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Test procedure.6
4.1 General requirements.6
4.1.1 Grading, particle structure and volume .6
4.1.2 Properties of water .6
4.1.3 Degree of saturation.6
4.2 Falling head .12
4.2.1 Apparatus .12
4.2.2 Test arrangement.13
4.2.3 Soil type and specimen dimensions.13
4.3 Constant head test in the permeameter .14
4.3.1 Apparatus .14
4.3.2 Test arrangement.14
4.3.3 Soil type and specimen dimensions.14
4.4 Constant head testing in the triaxial cell.15
4.4.1 Apparatus (see Figure 2).15
4.4.2 Test arrangement.16
4.4.3 Preparation of apparatus .16
5 Test results.17
5.1 Falling head .17
5.2 Constant head.18
5.3 Permeability in the triaxial cell .18
Bibliography .20
Figures
Figure 1 — Water flow in a soil specimen.6
Figure 2 — Example for test arrangement for triaxial cell test .7
Figure 3 — Example for a test arrangement for constant head permeameter test.9
Figure 4 — Example for a test arrangement for compression permeameter test.10
Figure 5 — Apparatus for enclosing a specimen in a rubber membrane .11
Tables
Table 1 — Back pressure as function of initial saturation .7
Table 2 — Correction factor αα to allow for the viscosity of water .8
αα
Table 3 — Classes of permeability tests .12
Table 4 — Example for test arrangement as a function of soil type .12
Foreword
This document (CEN ISO/TS 17892-11:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341
“Geotechnical investigation and testing”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical
Committee ISO/TC 182 “Geotechnics”.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CEN ISO/TS 17892 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geotechnical investigation and testing —
Laboratory testing of soil:
Part 1: Determination of water content
Part 2: Determination of density of fine grained soil
Part 3: Determination of particle density - Pycnometer method
Part 4: Determination of particle size distribution
Part 5: Incremental loading oedometer test
Part 6: Fall cone test
Part 7: Unconfined compression test on fine grain soils
Part 8: Unconsolidated undrained triaxial test
Part 9: Consolidated triaxial compression tests on water saturated soils
Part 10: Direct shear tests
Part 11: Determination of permeability by constant and falling head
Part 12: Determination of the Atterberg limits
Introduction
This document covers areas in the international field of geotechnical engineering never previously standardised. It
is intended that this document presents broad good practice throughout the world and significant differences with
national documents is not anticipated. It is based on international practice (see [1]).
1 Scope
This document is intended for use in earthworks and foundation engineering. It specifies laboratory test methods to
establish the coefficient of permeability of water through water-saturated soils. In the proposed laboratory tests soil
specimens are subjected to a flow of water passing through the specimen. The water pressure conditions and
volume of water passing through the specimens are measured for evaluation of the permeability.
The results obtained serve to calculate groundwater flow and to assess the permeability of man-made impervious
layers and filter layers.
2 Normative references
The following referenced document is indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
prEN 1997-2, Eurocode 7 - Geotechnical design — Part 2: Ground investigation and testing.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
flow rate
Q
quantity of water passing through a specimen per unit time, t
3.2
discharge velocity
v
rate of flow of water per unit area of soil (including particles and voids) normal to the direction of flow
3.3
hydraulic gradient
i
ratio of the difference in total head of water (head loss), h, between two gland points, to the length of the flow path,
l (distance between the gland points measured in the direction of flow, see Figure 1)
Key
1 Standpipe head
2 Standpipe
3 Filter block
4 Filter block
5 Specimen
Figure 1 — Water flow in a soil specimen
3.4
undisturbed sample
normally a sample of quality class 1 or at least 2 according to prEN 1997-2
3.5
coefficient of permeability
k
in accordance with Darcy's law for laminar flow, the coefficient of permeability of a water-saturated soil, k, is the
ratio of the discharge velocity, v, to the hydraulic gradient, i
NOTE For partly saturated soil, the coefficient of permeability is always smaller than for fully water-saturated soil due to
turbulence caused by air voids and non-function of .capillary action.
4 Test procedure
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Grading, particle structure and volume
Grading and particle structure shall not alter while measuring the permeability. Consolidation and swelling should
substantially be completed before the measurements are done.
In clay swelling and consolidation cannot completely be avoided unless provisions are made to prevent it.
Therefore, the height of the specimen should be locked or the load regulated to prevent changes in height. The
height of the specimen should be recorded and any significant change in height should be accounted for, both in
terms of expelled water and in change of seepage path.
4.1.2 Properties of water
The water used for testing shall not wash out constituents of the specimen, deposit any dissolved or suspended
matter in it or alterthe colloidal state of the soil.
As far as possible, water similar in type to the pore water shall be used, de-aired tap water generally being
adequate. Where necessary (e.g. where marine sediments are to be tested), the water shall be treated or obtained
from a given source so that the natural conditions can be reliably reproduced.
4.1.3 Degree of saturation
4.1.3.1 The specimen shall remain saturated during the measurement of the permeability.
4.1.3.2 Saturation of the specimen can be achieved by applying a back pressure u (as specified in Table
...
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