EN ISO 16961:2024
(Main)Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy - Internal coating and lining of steel storage tanks (ISO 16961:2024)
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy - Internal coating and lining of steel storage tanks (ISO 16961:2024)
This document specifies requirements for surface preparation, materials, application, inspection and testing of internal coating lining systems that are intended to be applied on internal surfaces of steel storage tanks of crude oil, hydrocarbons and water for corrosion protection.
It covers both new construction and maintenance works of tank internal coating and lining as well as the repair of defective and deteriorated coating/lining.
This document also provides requirements for shop performance testing of the coated/lined samples and the criteria for their approval.
Öl- und Gasindustrie einschließlich kohlenstoffarmer Energieträger - Innere Schutzbeschichtungen und Auskleidungen für überirdische Stahltanklager (ISO 16961:2024)
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen für die Oberflächenbehandlung, Werkstoffe, Anwendung, Inspektion und Prüfung von inneren Schutzbeschichtungen und Auskleidungssystemen fest, die für die Korrosionsschutzanwendung auf Innenflächen von Stahltanklagern für Rohöl, Kohlenwasserstoffe und Wasser vorgesehen sind.
Es deckt sowohl neue Konstruktionen und Instandsetzungen von Innenbeschichtungen und Auskleidungen eines Tanks als auch die Reparatur fehlerhafter und zersetzter Beschichtungen/Auskleidungen ab.
Dieses Dokument enthält darüber hinaus die Mindestanforderungen für die Leistungsprüfung der mit Beschichtung/Auskleidung versehenen Proben durch den Kunden sowie die entsprechenden Annahmekriterien.
Industries du pétrole et du gaz y compris les énergies à faible teneur en carbone - Revêtement intérieur et doublure interne des réservoirs de stockage en acier (ISO 16961:2024)
Le présent document spécifie les exigences concernant la préparation de surface, les matériaux, l'application, le contrôle et les essais des systèmes de revêtement ou de doublure destinés à être appliqués sur les surfaces internes des réservoirs en acier pour le stockage de pétrole brut, d'hydrocarbures et d'eau dans le but d'assurer leur protection contre la corrosion.
Le présent document couvre à la fois les travaux neufs et de maintenance sur le revêtement intérieur et la doublure interne des réservoirs ainsi que leur réparation quand ils sont défectueux et détériorés.
Le présent document fournit également les exigences pour les essais de performance en atelier des échantillons revêtus/doublés ainsi que les critères d'acceptation.
Naftna in plinska industrija, vključno z nizkoogljično energijo - Notranji premazi in obloge jeklenih rezervoarjev za shranjevanje (ISO 16961:2024)
Ta dokument določa zahteve za pripravo površine, materiale, uporabo, preglede in preskušanje sistemov za notranje premaze, ki so namenjeni nanašanju na obloge jeklenih rezervoarjev za shranjevanje surove nafte, ogljikovodikov in vode, za zaščito pred korozijo.
Zajema nova konstrukcijska in vzdrževalna dela za notranje premaze in obloge jeklenih rezervoarjev kot tudi popravilo okvarjenih in izrabljenih premazov in oblog.
Ta dokument zagotavlja tudi zahteve za preskušanje učinkovitosti vzorcev premazov in oblog v proizvodni hali ter merila za njihovo odobritev.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2024
Naftna in plinska industrija, vključno z nizkoogljično energijo - Notranji premazi in
obloge jeklenih rezervoarjev za shranjevanje (ISO 16961:2024)
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy - Internal coating and lining of steel
storage tanks (ISO 16961:2024)
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Innere Schutzbeschichtungen und
Auskleidungen für überirdische Stahltanklager (ISO 16961:2024)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz y compris les énergies à faible teneur en carbone -
Revêtement intérieur et doublure interne des réservoirs de stockage en acier (ISO
16961:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16961:2024
ICS:
25.220.99 Druge obdelave in prevleke Other treatments and
coatings
75.200 Oprema za skladiščenje Petroleum products and
nafte, naftnih proizvodov in natural gas handling
zemeljskega plina equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 16961
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.200 Supersedes EN ISO 16961:2015
English Version
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy -
Internal coating and lining of steel storage tanks (ISO
16961:2024)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz y compris les énergies à Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Innere
faible teneur en carbone - Revêtement intérieur et Schutzbeschichtungen und Auskleidungen für
doublure interne des réservoirs de stockage en acier überirdische Stahltanklager (ISO 16961:2024)
(ISO 16961:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 May 2024.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16961:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 16961:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 "Oil and
gas industries including lower carbon energy" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12
“Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2024, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 16961:2015.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16961:2024 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16961:2024 without any modification.
International
Standard
ISO 16961
Second edition
Oil and gas industries including lower
2024-05
carbon energy — Internal coating
and lining of steel storage tanks
Industries du pétrole et du gaz y compris les énergies à faible
teneur en carbone — Revêtement intérieur et doublure interne
des réservoirs de stockage en acier
Reference number
ISO 16961:2024(en) © ISO 2024
ISO 16961:2024(en)
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 16961:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 3
3.1 Terms and definitions .3
3.2 Abbreviated terms .5
4 Conformance . 6
4.1 Rounding .6
4.2 Conformance to this document .6
5 Pre-work requirements . 6
5.1 General .6
5.2 Safety precautions in flammable atmosphere.7
5.3 Qualification of coating/lining application and inspection personnel .7
5.4 Positive isolation and ventilation.7
6 Coating/lining materials . 7
6.1 General .7
6.2 Approvals .8
6.3 Prequalification of coating/lining system .8
6.4 Holding (blast) primer .9
6.5 Caulking (putty) and filler compounds .9
6.6 Fibreglass lining materials .9
6.6.1 Fibreglass resin compound .9
6.6.2 Glass fibre reinforcement .9
6.7 Glass flake filled coating/lining system .10
6.8 Epoxy coating/lining systems .10
6.9 Material approvals — Fibreglass lining system .11
6.10 Material approvals — Glass flake filled coating/lining system .14
6.11 Material approvals — Thin film epoxy coating/lining systems .14
6.12 Pre-production trial .14
7 Surface preparation.15
7.1 General . 15
7.2 Tank pre-cleaning and residue removal (for rehabilitation work) . 15
7.3 Preparatory patching and grinding (for new and rehabilitation work) .16
7.4 Dry abrasive blast cleaning .16
7.5 Humidity control .17
7.6 After blast cleaning .18
7.7 Removal of existing laminate linings prior to abrasive blasting .18
7.8 Striker plates, steel legs, risers, down comers and supports .18
7.9 Safety precautions .19
8 Coating/lining application . 19
8.1 General requirements .19
8.2 Safety precautions . 20
8.3 Fibreglass lining . 20
8.4 Weather conditions .21
8.5 Primer application .21
8.6 Caulking (putty) application .21
8.7 Fibreglass laminate application . 22
8.8 Coating/lining thickness . 22
8.9 Glass flake filled coating application . 23
8.10 Thin film coating application .24
iii
ISO 16961:2024(en)
9 Inspection and testing .25
9.1 General requirements . 25
9.2 Environmental conditions testing . 26
9.3 Materials and equipment inspection . 26
9.4 Compressed air and abrasive . 26
9.5 Surface preparation inspection . 26
9.6 Coating/lining inspection and testing .27
9.7 Coating/lining film thickness .27
9.8 Holiday detection test .27
9.9 Curing hardness test .27
9.10 Defects and pinhole repair . 28
9.11 Adhesion test . 28
10 Quality requirements .28
11 Documentation .29
11.1 General . 29
11.2 Work proposal . 29
11.3 Work records/reports . 29
11.4 Inspection and testing reports and certificates of conformance . 29
11.5 Final report . 29
Annex A (informative) Dew point calculation chart .30
Annex B (informative) Caulking (putty) application .31
Annex C (informative) Example of coating/lining work record/data sheet .32
Annex D (informative) Example of coating/lining inspection and testing data sheet .33
Bibliography .34
iv
ISO 16961:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Oil and gas industries including lower carbon
energy, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/
TC 12, Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy, in accordance with the Agreement on technical
cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16961:2015), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— inclusion of lining selection criteria (Clause 6);
— update of requirements for non-exposure and exposure tests (Clause 6);
— clarification of the requirements in a pre-production trial (Clause 6);
— update of the typical thicknesses based on industry standards (Clause 8);
— update of references throughout this document.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
ISO 16961:2024(en)
Introduction
The objectives of this document are to define technical requirements for the corrosion protection by
coating and lining of internal surfaces of steel storage tanks, to provide technical guidance for developing
local standards and specifications, and to ensure conformance in coating and lining material selection and
performance with contract requirements.
Where an alternative is proposed, the specification issuer needs to identify any deviations from this
document and provide details.
vi
International Standard ISO 16961:2024(en)
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy —
Internal coating and lining of steel storage tanks
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for surface preparation, materials, application, inspection and testing
of internal coating lining systems that are intended to be applied on internal surfaces of steel storage tanks
of crude oil, hydrocarbons and water for corrosion protection.
It covers both new construction and maintenance works of tank internal coating and lining as well as the
repair of defective and deteriorated coating/lining.
This document also provides requirements for shop performance testing of the coated/lined samples and
the criteria for their approval.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 2812-1, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to liquids — Part 1: Immersion in liquids other
than water
ISO 4624, Paints and varnishes — Pull-off test for adhesion
ISO 4628-2, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size of
defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 2: Assessment of degree of blistering
ISO 4628-3, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size of
defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 3: Assessment of degree of rusting
ISO 4628-4, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size of
defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 4: Assessment of degree of cracking
ISO 4628-5, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size of
defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 5: Assessment of degree of flaking
ISO 7027 (all parts), Water quality — Determination of turbidity
ISO 8501-1, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and
of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings
ISO 8501-3, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 3: Preparation grades of welds, edges and other areas with surface
imperfections
ISO 8502-3, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 3: Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared for painting (pressure-
sensitive tape method)
ISO 16961:2024(en)
ISO 8502-6, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 6: Extraction of water soluble contaminants for analysis (Bresle method)
ISO 8502-9, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 9: Field method for the conductometric determination of water-soluble salts
ISO 8503-2, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Surface
roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates — Part 2: Method for the grading of surface profile of
abrasive blast-cleaned steel — Comparator procedure
ISO 8503-5, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Surface
roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates — Part 5: Replica tape method for the determination
of the surface profile
ISO 8573-1, Compressed air — Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes
ISO 11124 (all parts), Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products —
Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives
ISO 11126 (all parts), Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products —
Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives
ISO 11127-7, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Test methods
for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives
ISO 12944-3, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems —
Part 3: Design considerations
ISO 12944-9:2018, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems
— Part 9: Protective paint systems and laboratory performance test methods for offshore and related structures
ISO 15234, Paints and varnishes — Testing of formaldehyde-emitting coatings and melamine foams —
Determination of the steady-state concentration of formaldehyde in a small test chamber
ISO 15711, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to cathodic disbonding of coatings exposed to
sea water
ISO 19840, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems —
Measurement of, and acceptance criteria for, the thickness of dry films on rough surfaces
ISO 29601, Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection by protective paint systems — Assessment of porosity
in a dry film
ISO 80000-1:2022, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
API RP 652, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms
API Std 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration and Reconstruction
API Std 2015, Requirements for Safe Entry and Cleaning of Petroleum Storage Tanks
ASTM A380, Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment,
and Systems
ASTM D522, Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic Coatings
ASTM D570, Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
ASTM D790, Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and
Electrical Insulating Materials
ASTM D2240, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
ASTM D2583, Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor
ISO 16961:2024(en)
ASTM D4060, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abrader
ASTM D4285, Standard Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed Air
ASTM D5402, Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs
ASTM D6943, Standard Practice for Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and Linings
ASTM F21, Standard Test Method for Hydrophobic Surface Films by the Atomizer Test
ASTM G42, Standard Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline Coatings Subjected to Elevated
Temperatures
EN 14020 (all parts), Reinforcements — Specification for textile glass roving’s
NACE TM0304, Offshore Platform Atmospheric and Splash Zone Maintenance Coating System Evaluation
NACE TM0404, Offshore Platform Atmospheric and Splash Zone New C
SSPC Guide 12, Guide for Illumination of Industrial Painting Projects
SSPC-Guide 15, Field Methods for Retrieval and Analysis of Soluble Salts on Steel and Other Nonporous Substrates
Painting Manual Vol SSPC, 1
SSPC-SP 1, Steel Structure Painting Council Surface Preparation Specifications — Solvent Cleaning
SSPC-SP 11, Surface Preparation Standard, Power-Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
application procedure specification
document describing procedures, methods, equipment and tools used for coating (3.1.7) application
3.1.2
applicator
contractor (3.1.8) or subcontractor having the technical capability, knowledge, equipment and qualified
personnel that is approved by the client (3.1.5) for the coating (3.1.7) processes according to specific
requirements
Note 1 to entry: The requirements are given in this document.
3.1.3
C glass
glass fibre that provides greater resistance to chemicals and is used in advanced composites
Note 1 to entry: C glass is mainly used in the form of surface tissue in the outer layer of laminates used in chemical and
water pipes and tanks.
ISO 16961:2024(en)
3.1.4
caulking
process of applying a 98 % to 100 % solid catalysed epoxy (3.1.13) material on tank internal surfaces to fill
pores/pits or to cover weld seams, lap joints, large projections, connections, etc.
Note 1 to entry: This is to provide a uniform gradual transition and smooth surfaces.
Note 2 to entry: The 98 % to 100 % solid catalysed epoxy material is referred to as the caulking compound.
3.1.5
client
party or organization for which professional services are rendered or person that receives a product
3.1.6
coat
paint, varnish or lacquer applied to surface in a single application (one layer) to form an evenly distributed
film when dry
3.1.7
coating
lining
material applied to the internal surfaces of a tank to serve as a barrier to corrosion and/or product
contamination
3.1.8
contractor
vendor company or business that agrees to furnish materials and/or perform specific project/services to
client (3.1.5)
3.1.9
curing
chemical process of developing the intended properties of a coating (3.1.7) or polymerized product in the
lining system
Note 1 to entry: Curing is generally due to a reaction between two or more chemicals (e.g. resin and curing compound).
3.1.10
dew point
temperature of a given air/water vapour mixture at which condensation starts, since its maximum water
content saturation is reached at that temperature
3.1.11
dry abrasive blast cleaning
surface preparation method that uses an abrasive propelled by air pressure, centrifugal force, to clean and
provide a surface profile (3.1.21)
3.1.12
dry film thickness
DFT
thickness of a coat (3.1.6) or coating (3.1.7) system in its fully cured and dry condition
3.1.13
epoxy
resin containing epoxide functional groups that allow for curing (3.1.9) by polymerization with a variety of
curing agents
3.1.14
fibreglass reinforced lining
resin lining, usually polyester, vinyl ester or epoxies, into which layers of fibreglass are incorporated to
enhance the lining’s structural capability, corrosion and chemical resistance performance
ISO 16961:2024(en)
3.1.15
fibre mat
woven glass fibre that is used as reinforcement of the thermosetting resin [e.g. epoxy (3.1.13)] lining to repair
and/or add strength to tank bottoms
3.1.16
gel coat
final coat (3.1.6) applied over the fibreglass lining laminate to seal the laminate surface and enhance water
and hydrocarbon resistance
3.1.17
holiday
discontinuity in a lining or contamination in the coating (3.1.7) film that significantly lowers the dielectric
strength of the coating
Note 1 to entry: Examples of a discontinuity in a lining are a pinhole (3.1.19), void, crack, thin spot, and inclusion of
foreign material.
3.1.18
manufacturer
company responsible for the manufacture of coating (3.1.7) material(s)
3.1.19
pinhole
small film defect characterized by small pore-like flaws in the lining that will permit corrosion of the
substrate under the conditions for which the lining is designed
Note 1 to entry: A pinhole can extend entirely through the film to the substrate and lead to a holiday (3.1.17).
3.1.20
pre-production trial
application of coating (3.1.7) and inspection/testing of its properties, to confirm that the application
procedure specification (3.1.1) is able to produce a coating with the specified properties
3.1.21
surface profile
micro-roughness of a surface
Note 1 to entry: Surface profile is generally expressed as the average height of the major peaks relative to the major
valleys, and sometimes referred to as amplitude.
3.2 Abbreviated terms
API American Petroleum Institute
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
CV curriculum vitae
DFT dry film thickness
GRE glass reinforced epoxy
GRUP glass reinforced unsaturated polyester
GRVE glass reinforced vinyl ester
HBE high build epoxy
HSE health, safety, and environment
ISO 16961:2024(en)
ITP inspection and testing plan
MSDS materials safety data sheet
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
PPE personal protective equipment
PPT pre-production trial
PQT procedure qualification trial
QA/QC quality assurance/quality control
QP qualification procedure
RH relative humidity
RP recommended practice
SSPC the Society for Protecting Coatings
WFT wet film thickness
4 Conformance
4.1 Rounding
Unless otherwise stated in this document, observed or calculated values shall be rounded to the nearest
unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with
ISO 80000-1:2022, Annex B, Rule A.
NOTE For the purpose of this provision, the rounding method of ASTM E29–08 is equivalent to ISO 80000-1:2022,
Annex B, Rule A.
4.2 Conformance to this document
A quality system should be applied to assist conformance with the requirements of this document. ISO 29001
gives sector-specific guidance on quality management systems.
The applicator shall conform with all applicable requirements of this document. It shall be permissible for
the client to make any investigations necessary in order to be ensured of conformance by the applicator and
to reject any material that does not conform.
5 Pre-work requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 All necessary health, safety and environment (HSE) procedures shall be employed to protect
personnel and the surrounding environment during on-site/field works.
5.1.2 The contractor shall submit its HSE manual for client's approval. The contractor shall strictly follow
the approved HSE manual for the safe lining processes.
5.1.3 Adherence to all relevant safety requirements are required while performing coating and lining works.
ISO 16961:2024(en)
5.1.4 Materials safety data sheets (MSDS) for all chemicals to be used within operation areas shall be
submitted for review and approval by the client. Health and safety precautions shall be clearly described on
each chemical container/package.
5.1.5 All wastes resulting from supply and application shall be contained, collected and properly disposed of.
NOTE Environmental protection regulations can apply.
5.2 Safety precautions in flammable atmosphere
5.2.1 Where there is a risk of flammable atmosphere being present in a particular tank, the client may
impose restrictions on methods of surface preparation.
5.2.2 The client shall advise on the hazardous area classification for plant design and construction/
maintenance projects.
5.2.3 The contractor shall provide the client with all necessary data for the proposed coating/lining
systems, solvents and coating procedure in order to permit area classification to be determined for the
duration of coating work. Special care shall be observed when mixing resins to avoid fire hazards.
5.2.4 All equipment used in surface preparation, coating/lining application and inspection, including
floodlight or spotlights, shall be explosion-proof and spark-proof.
5.3 Qualification of coating/lining application and inspection personnel
5.3.1 The coating/lining operatives shall be competent to undertake the coating application, inspection/
testing procedures and repair work. The qualification may be obtained as agreed with the client or by
demonstration at a procedure qualification trial (PQT) during pre-production trial (PPT).
5.3.2 Inspectors and applicator personnel carrying out the coating inspection shall be competent. The
applicator shall request the manufacturer of the coating/lining material(s) and equipment to provide
technical assistance to the coating/lining operatives if necessary.
5.4 Positive isolation and ventilation
5.4.1 All pipeline/piping shall be disconnected at the tank valves and the open ends of pipes shall be
blanked off. All tubular housing and conduits connected to the tanks for gauging or other instrumentation
purpose shall be disconnected. Cathodic protection system shall be disconnected only during the actual
surface preparation and coating application works. The tank shall have provision to exhaust gases from the
tank by at least two air changes per hour and vented at high level on the downwind side. Local and national
HSE regulations on exhaust and ventilation can apply.
5.4.2 The tank should be lighted in accordance with SSPC Guide 12 and should be ventilated. Any client-
related standards shall take precedence. All parts of the work shall be clearly visible.
6 Coating/lining materials
6.1 General
6.1.1 Typical coating and lining systems include, but are not limited to, high build solvent free glass-flake
filled coating, hand lay fibreglass reinforced lining (e.g. GRE, GRVE, GRUP), solvent free epoxy, phenolic
epoxy, epoxy novolac and high build epoxies.
ISO 16961:2024(en)
6.1.2 All coating/lining materials shall be free of foreign elements and contaminants. The expiry date of
materials components shall not exceed the recommended shelf-life as limited by the manufacturers.
6.1.3 The coating/lining materials shall be delivered to the site in original manufacturer's sealed un-
opened containers with batch number, date of manufacture and expiry date clearly marked thereon.
6.1.4 Coatings/linings with proven performance and track record, in the intended service, can be used by
agreement with the client and manufacturer.
6.1.5 The coating and lining systems to be used and the areas to be lined for each tank shall be identified/
specified by the client project specification and equipment data sheet.
6.1.6 The following data shall be provided for the selection of the appropriate coating/lining for the
service:
a) design and operating temperature range (i.e. minimum and maximum temperature), expressed in °C or F;
b) design and operating pressure range (i.e. minimum and maximum pressure), expressed in MPa;
c) substrate material (i.e. carbon steel or stainless steel);
d) extent of pitting for ma
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...