CEN/TR 15894:2009
(Main)Building hardware - Door fittings for use by children, elderly and disabled people in domestic and public buildings - A guide for specifiers
Building hardware - Door fittings for use by children, elderly and disabled people in domestic and public buildings - A guide for specifiers
This European guidance document provides guidance on the selection of existing building hardware for manually and power operated pedestrian doors and associated products whose integration into the design of buildings will make them more safe, secure and convenient for the occupants inclusive of children, elderly and disabled people to use ("design for all"). Although it is intended for people with reduced physical and sensorial capabilities, it may not cover all specific individual needs. For example, it may not cover all needs of blind people or those not able to move unassisted.
Schlösser und Baubeschläge - Türbeschläge zur Nutzung durch Kinder, ältere und behinderte Menschen in privaten und öffentlichen Gebäuden - Ein Leitfaden für Planer
Dieses Europäische Leitdokument bietet einen Leitfaden bei der Auswahl vorhandener Baubeschläge für
manuell und automatisch betätigte Türsysteme und zugehörige Produkte, deren Einbindung in die Gestaltung
von Gebäuden deren Nutzung für die Bewohner zuverlässiger, sicherer und bequemer macht („Zugang für
alle“), einschließlich Kinder, älterer und behinderter Menschen. Obwohl es für Menschen mit verringerten
körperlichen und sensorischen Fähigkeiten gedacht ist, können nicht sämtliche spezifischen individuellen
Bedürfnisse berücksichtigt werden. So können zum Beispiel sämtliche Bedürfnisse von blinden Menschen
oder jenen, die sich ohne fremde Hilfe nicht bewegen können, nicht abgedeckt werden.
Quincaillerie pour le bâtiment - Accessoires de portes pour enfants, personnes âgées ou personnes handicapées dans les habitations et bâtiments publics - Guide destiné aux prescripteurs
L’objet du présent document de référence européen est de faciliter la sélection des articles de
quincaillerie pour bâtiment disponibles sur le marché, destinés aux portes piétonnes manuelles et
motorisées ainsi que des produits dérivés dont l'intégration dans la conception des bâtiments
garantira aux occupants une plus grande sécurité, fiabilité et un meilleur confort, y compris les
enfants, les personnes âgées et les personnes handicapées (« conception pour tous »). Bien qu'il soit
destiné aux personnes à capacités physiques et sensorielles réduites, il peut ne pas couvrir tous les
besoins individuels, par exemple, ceux des personnes aveugles ou ne pouvant pas se déplacer sans
aide.
Stavbno okovje - Vodila vrat, ki jih uporabljajo otroci, starejši, invalidi in drugi funkcionalno ovirani ljudje doma in v javnih stavbah - Vodilo za označevanje
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2009
6WDYEQRRNRYMH9RGLODYUDWNLMLKXSRUDEOMDMRRWURFLVWDUHMãLLQYDOLGLLQGUXJL
IXQNFLRQDOQRRYLUDQLOMXGMHGRPDLQYMDYQLKVWDYEDK9RGLOR]DR]QDþHYDQMH
Building hardware - Door fittings for use by children, elderly and disabled people in
domestic and public buildings - A guide for specifiers
Baubeschläge - Türbeschläge für die Nutzung durch Kinder, ältere und behinderte
Personen in privaten und öffentlichen Gebäuden
Quincaillerie pour le bâtiment - Accessoires de portes pour enfants, personnes âgées ou
personnes handicapées dans les habitations et bâtiments publics - Guide destiné aux
prescripteurs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15894:2009
ICS:
11.180.01 3ULSRPRþNL]D Aids for disabled and
RQHVSRVREOMHQHLQ handicapped persons in
KHQGLNHSLUDQHRVHEHQD general
VSORãQR
91.190 Stavbna oprema Building accessories
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 15894
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
August 2009
ICS 91.190
English Version
Building hardware - Door fittings for use by children, elderly and
disabled people in domestic and public buildings - A guide for
specifiers
Quincaillerie pour le bâtiment - Accessoires de portes pour Schlösser und Baubeschläge - Türbeschläge zur Nutzung
enfants, personnes âgées ou personnes handicapées dans durch Kinder, ältere und behinderte Menschen in privaten
les habitations et bâtiments publics - Guide destiné aux und öffentlichen Gebäuden - Ein Leitfaden für Planer
prescripteurs
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 23 May 2009. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 33.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15894:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope. 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 How to use this guidance document . 5
5 Guidelines for selecting hardware products . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Building category . 6
5.3 Purpose of the door . 6
5.4 Interface between users and door . 6
5.5 Product functions . 7
5.6 Economic aspects . 7
5.7 Suitability assessment of hardware products . 8
6 Guidelines for product specifications . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Proposed scheme for suitability assessment of products for particular
applications . 8
Annex A (informative) Guidelines for suitability assessment of hardware products. 9
A.1 General . 9
A.2 What the intended application requires . 9
A.3 What the product offers. 10
Annex B (informative) Guidelines for hardware product specification . 13
B.1 General . 13
B.2 Locks, bolts, cylinders and keys . 15
B.3 Door furniture, handles, handrails, and door protection hardware . 21
B.4 Panic and emergency exit devices and systems . 24
B.5 Hinges and pivots . 31
B.6 Door closing/opening devices and systems for swing doors . 34
B.7 Powered pedestrian doors . 40
B.8 Sliding door gear . 47
Bibliography . 51
Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 15894:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33 “Doors,
windows, shutters, building hardware and curtain walling”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Europe has a population of 800 million of whom over 100 million are children and elderly people and
50 million are declared as disabled (the latter figure includes many people who are also elderly). The
European Union has 77 million elderly people and 43 million people registered as disabled. These
consumers with special needs constitute a major (and growing) part of the population who daily come
into contact with the numerous barriers that exist in and outside of buildings.
This European guidance document aims to help designers, specifiers and building managers or
owners to identify and include the needs of children, elderly and disabled persons, by enabling people
with low physical strength, dexterity and manipulative impairment, to be able to open, close and lock
doors.
It includes general guidelines for selecting hardware products and guidelines for product
specifications. It also includes the following annexes:
Annex A - Guidelines for suitability assessment of hardware products;
Annex B – Guidelines for hardware product specification.
Ultimately the intention of this guidance document is to make existing hardware products and
standards more suitable with regard to their use by children, the elderly and disabled.
NOTE If needed, these guidelines may be included as informative annexes in future revisions of suitable
hardware product standards.
Introduction
The essential function of building hardware is to provide easy access to all users regardless of their
ability or disability. Doors should be of a minimum clear opening width to accommodate wheelchairs
and should be easy to use. For example, this requires low friction hinges and carefully selected door
controls, possibly using low energy door operators, powered or automatic operators or
electromagnetic devices.
The correct choice of door furniture with easy-to-use locking systems and good signage all add up to
an acceptable combination. Generally, this is no more than would be asked of any responsible
specification. This guide is intended to enable installers to correctly follow building specifications and
to make sure that buildings are correctly equipped for their intended use.
One of the main challenges to specifiers, architects, manufacturers and builders is to ensure that the
specification, design and construction do not result in the environment of an elderly or disabled
person appearing different from the rest of the community.
This European guidance document is people-based and it is essential that specifiers recognize that
the individual needs of users can vary. Users should be consulted frequently in the specification and
installation processes. The specification should recognize that buildings are often occupied by non-
disabled and younger people, as well as elderly and disabled people. Similarly, these members of the
community need to move freely and safely in the wider environment.
Where dimensions/measurements are given for guidance purposes, they are subject to the tolerances
incorporated in any appropriate product or construction standard. National regulations, where
applicable, should take precedence.
It is recognized that local regulations and certain types of door construction (such as aluminium) may
prevent specifiers from achieving all the recommendations in this document. In these circumstances,
the needs of the building occupants should be considered and the best possible compromise should
be achieved.
This European guidance document refers to the following mandates: M/273-ICT, M/283-Elderly and
Disabled, M/292-Product information, M/293-Child safety and CEN Guide 6.
This European guidance document does not refer to EN 12217 which contains selected maximum
operating forces considered unsuitable for children, elderly and disabled people to use and does not
take into consideration doors fitted with emergency and panic exit devices and systems, or door
closing devices.
1 Scope
This European guidance document provides guidance on the selection of existing building hardware
for manually and power operated pedestrian doors and associated products whose integration into
the design of buildings will make them more safe, secure and convenient for the occupants inclusive
of children, elderly and disabled people to use ("design for all"). Although it is intended for people with
reduced physical and sensorial capabilities, it may not cover all specific individual needs. For example,
it may not cover all needs of blind people or those not able to move unassisted.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
N/A
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
C.E.D.
abbreviation for Children, Elderly and Disabled people
3.2
clear opening width
horizontal distance, measured parallel to door frame, between nearest points on door frame and leaf,
less the protrusion of any hardware mounted less than 1 800 mm above nominal floor height, with
door at maximum opening position
NOTE National regulations may accept deviations or tolerances.
4 How to use this guidance document
The following steps should be undertaken by specifiers (architects, etc.) to select the suitable product
to specify for the intended application, and by manufacturers to offer the appropriate product:
− Step 1. Specifier: define users’ environmental situation
Refer to Clause 5, Annex A and Table A.1 to define needs.
− Step 2. Specifier: define hardware product functions
Refer to Table B.1 to determine relevant product category and hence appropriate Annex.
− Step 3. Specifier: define users’ needs
Refer to appropriate part of Annex B for recommended suitable products.
− Step 4. Manufacturer: define product offer
Refer to appropriate part of Annex B to list for recommended product specifications.
− Step 5. Specifier: match users’ needs and product offer
Select suitable product to be specified for intended application.
5 Guidelines for selecting hardware products
5.1 General
The objective with this part of the document is to help specifiers assess what the application requires.
It provides guidelines for selecting hardware products.
Specifiers should be aware that building hardware standards cover only hardware products and do
not specify maximum manual operating forces for the complete door. The door manufacturers should
inform the market about the test results for the forces to operate the hardware in their door
construction, for example to open/close doors and to engage/release and lock/unlock the hardware
using a key or handle.
5.2 Building category
For selecting hardware products, specifiers should define the purpose of the building such as:
residential, commercial, industrial, public building, etc.;
location of the door: internal door, external door;
alternative use, day and night use, use by various groups, etc.
5.3 Purpose of the door
For selecting hardware products, specifiers should define the purpose of the door, such as:
fire/smoke resistance;
burglar resistance;
access/egress/flow control;
thermal insulation, energy saving, etc.;
wind/water penetration resistance;
noise reduction;
smell reduction;
light reduction.
5.4 Interface between users and door
For selecting hardware products, specifiers should define the interface between users and the door.
The following types of user should be taken into account:
all public;
children;
elderly;
mobility impaired.
For selecting hardware products, specifiers should also define the limitation on ability to operate the
hardware, such as:
height/reach restriction (applies mainly to children);
strength/grip restriction;
mental restriction (relates to “mental age”);
one hand only;
no hands;
sight impairment;
hearing impairment;
confined to wheelchair (manually operated or powered).
5.5 Product functions
Although the ergonomic function is the primary concern for children, elderly and disabled people
(C.E.D.), other functions are particularly important and should also be provided by the products to
meet other user’s needs with regards to:
convenience: ergonomics, usage and durability, privacy, aesthetic design, see-through, etc.;
safety: escape and ability to release in case of emergency and panic situations, self closing and
safety in case of fire, safety in use or risk of injury, personal safety;
security: protection against burglary or attack, from inside/both sides, access/flow control,
protection against vandalism, abuse, etc.
5.6 Economic aspects
When considering economic aspects of a product specification, it is important to take into account the
followings factors:
cost of product;
cost of installation;
cost of maintenance (all costs to maintain intended product functions).
Where conflicting aspects may affect a product specification, alternative solutions should be
considered according to a priority order. As an example, one may consider the following priority order:
1) escape and ability to release in case of emergency and panic situations;
2) self closing and safety in case of fire;
3) risk of injury;
4) personal safety;
5) ergonomics;
6) protection against burglary;
7) access/flow control;
8) protection against vandalism, abuse;
9) usage and durability;
10) privacy;
11) aesthetic design;
12) etc.
5.7 Suitability assessment of hardware products
This guide provides to specifiers a model scheme for suitability assessment of hardware products as
necessary to meet the user’s need in a specific application.
NOTE See Annex A.
6 Guidelines for product specifications
6.1 General
This clause offers general recommendations for manufacturers for each product category with regard
to:
purpose of the hardware;
different types and accessories;
product standards;
installation and maintenance;
requirements with regard to safety, security, convenience and cost.
6.2 Proposed scheme for suitability assessment of products for particular
applications
This guide provides to specifiers a model scheme for hardware product specification, as required for
each product category.
NOTE See relevant parts of Annex B for each product group.
Annex A
(informative)
Guidelines for suitability assessment of hardware products
A.1 General
There are three basic areas to consider.
Who has to use the door, or “Interface between users and door”?
What is the reason for the door, or “Purpose of door”?
What functions are expected of the door and/or its fittings, or “Additional functions”?
Furthermore, these areas can be examined under two headings:
1. what the intended application requires;
2. what the product offers.
Items 1 and 2 can then be compared to determine the suitability of a product for a particular
application. This is described in more detail below.
NOTE The risk assessment is part of the evaluation and should be used to determine the priority order.
A.2 What the intended application requires
There are three basic areas to consider.
a) Interface between users and door. In this context, limitations on ability to operate are considered
(irrespective of cause), such as:
height/reach restriction (applies mainly to children);
strength/grip restriction;
mental restriction (relates to “mental age”);
one hand only;
no hands;
sight impairment;
hearing impairment;
confined to wheelchair (manually operated or powered);
others.
b) Purpose of door. Specifiers should also define the purpose of the door, such as:
to ensure privacy/access/egress/flow control;
to resist attack by intruders/burglars;
to resist wind/water penetration;
to provide thermal/noise/smell/light insulation;
to resist the spread of smoke/fire.
c) Additional door functions/requirements. Specifiers should also define additional functions and/or
need, such as:
to withstand heavy usage (high number of operating cycles);
to resist abuse/vandalism;
to allow emergency egress at all times, but be key lockable from outside;
to be key locking from both sides;
to be safe for the user;
to meet mandatory regulations (fire and escape);
to take into account product material when specific allergies are identified.
A.3 What the product offers
There are three basic areas to consider.
a) Interface between users and door hardware. In this context, usability of the product is considered,
such as:
simple and clear to use (user friendly);
operating elements and controls within easy reach;
operable by hand, or fingers at low forces/torques;
operable one-handed;
operable without any hands;
operable in total or partly darkness (for visually impaired people);
operable without the need for audio visual feedback;
operable from a wheelchair.
b) Purpose of the door hardware. Specifiers should define the contribution of the hardware to the
purpose of the door, such as:
contributes to make the use simple and clear;
contributes to burglary resistance;
contributes to wind/water resistance;
contributes to thermal insulation;
contributes to the smoke and fire resistance;
contributes to safe and convenient use.
c) Additional hardware functions/requirements. Specifiers should define the contribution of the
hardware to additional functions and/or requirements, such as:
to withstand heavy usage (high number of operating cycles);
to resist abuse/vandalism;
to allow emergency egress at all times, but be lockable by key from outside;
to be key lockable from both sides.
NOTE See Table A.1.
Table A.1 — Checklist for specifying hardware products for use by children, elderly and
disabled persons
Potential user's requirements that are relevant in the building Comments by specifier
General requirements
Provide audio/visual feedback
Visual recognition of operating element
Rounded corners
Accessible from a wheelchair
Operational requirements
Single action to operate
Operable with one hand
Operable without need to grip
No need to insert a key
Self-latching action
Maximum torque on handle
Maximum torque on key
Maximum force on thumb slide
Maximum manual door opening force
Maximum manual door closing force
Controlled door closing with adjustable speed
Delayed closing function
Free swing function with maximum opening force
Dimensional requirements
Good clearance around finger-operated element
Good clearance around hand-operated element
Low projection into the clear opening of the door
Suitability for use on fire- / smoke-resisting doorsets
Suitability for use on fire-resisting doorsets
Suitability for use on smoke-resisting doorsets
Annex B
(informative)
Guidelines for hardware product specification
B.1 General
This Annex covers the following for each product category:
purpose of the hardware;
different types and accessories;
product standards;
installation and maintenance;
advantages/disadvantages of specific hardware products according to safety, security,
convenience and cost.
Table B.1 will help specifiers find the relevant annexes for basic door hardware functions, in
accordance with EN standards and product categories.
Table B.1 — Checklist for defining hardware product category and standard, and relevant parts of Annex B
Relevant part of Annex B
Product category
EN standards applicable ÎÎÎÎ
ÐÐÐÐ Basic door hardware functions
Mechanical locking X X X X X X
Electromechanical locking X X X
Outside electromechanical locking or release (for exit X X X X
devices or systems)
Uncontrolled door closing X
Controlled door closing X X
Controlled closing and automatic opening
Door hold open X
X X
Free swing closing
Delayed closing X
Ability to release / Mechanical escape X X
Ability to release / Electrically controlled escape X X
Pivoting door support X
Sliding door support X
Self closing / fire safety X X X X X X X X X X X
X Function covered by that particular standard.
B.2
EN 12209 Locks
B.2
prEN 15685 Multipoint locks
Electrical
B.2
EN 14846
locking devices
B.2
EN 12051 Bolts
Cylinder and
B.2
EN 1303
key
B.3
EN 1906 Lever handles
N/A Pull handle B.3
N/A Push plates B.3
N/A Door protection B.3
hardware
Panic exit
B.4
EN 1125
devices
Emergency exit
B.4
EN 179
devices
Panic exit
B.4
prEN 13633
systems
B.4
prEN 13637 Exit systems
B.5
EN 1935 Hinges
B.6
EN 1154 Door closers
Hold open
B.6
EN 1155
devices
EN 1158 Door B.6
coordinators
Uncontrolled door
B.6
prEN 15887
closing devices
Pedestrian
B.6 &
N/A
doors
B.7
Sliding door
B.8
EN 1527
gear
B.2 Locks, bolts, cylinders and keys
B.2.1 Purpose of the hardware
Locks, bolts, cylinders and keys are intended to:
latch and/or keep the door in a closed position; and/or
lock the door in a closed position for privacy or security; and/or
control authorized access (cylinder and key); and/or
fulfil the requirements of fire and/or smoke resistance.
B.2.2 Different types and accessories, product standards
If products are manually operated by hand (lever handle, knob, etc.) and/or finger (key, etc.),
reference can be made to EN 12209, prEN 15685, EN 1303 and EN 12051.
NOTE Although door bolts are included in this sub-clause, they may not always be appropriate in situations
where access is required by children, elderly or disabled people. Where they are still considered necessary,
however, the guidance in this Annex should be followed as closely as possible.
If products are manually operated with automatic locking function, refer to EN 12209 and prEN 15685.
If products are electromechanically operated to allow for assistance and/or remote control of latch and
locking/unlocking functions, refer to EN 14846.
B.2.3 Installation and maintenance
B.2.3.1 Installation
Operating forces of lock assemblies (including cylinder and keys where applicable) should be kept
within acceptable limits as follows.
Choose a lock and/or a cylinder with a low operating force in accordance with the end use and
the requirements of the specifier. Maximum torque should not exceed 5 Nm for hand operation
(i.e. handle), and 0,8 Nm for finger operation, i.e. key or thumb-turn.
Choose the door equipment (seals, weather stripping, hinges, etc.) to minimize forces required to
operate the lock, or cylinder.
Use appropriate (preferably adjustable) locking plates and accessories recommended by the
manufacturer to ensure proper operation. Don't modify the product, i.e. don't paint locking plates.
Accessibility of lock assemblies and ease of operating element should be considered as follows.
The position of all locks should be placed to make them easy to operate (height from the floor
etc.). The operating element should normally be installed at a height of between 900 mm and
1 100 mm from the finished floor level, when the door is in the secured position.
Where it is known that the majority of the occupants of the premises will be young children,
specifiers should reduce the height of the operating element.
Choose appropriate lever handle to optimize operating forces.
NOTE See B.3.
B.2.3.2 Maintenance
Lubricate in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Check tightness of the screws to ensure low operating forces and security conditions are maintained.
B.2.4 Advantages/disadvantages of locks, bolts, cylinders and keys
B.2.4.1 General
When choosing a lock or latch, specifiers should define:
a) hand operation: i.e. lever handle, knob, etc.
force, torque, angle to rotate the follower;
hand space, follower back set, distance between follower and key;
ergonomic design;
position of follower in relation to key position;
power assistance and/or remote control through electromechanical means;
b) finger operation, i.e. key, snib, privacy knob, etc.
number of turns/rotation angle;
size of key, snib, etc;
ergonomic design;
automatic latching and/or deadlocking;
power assistance and/or remote control through electromechanical means.
B.2.4.2 Lock or bolt operation
Where fitted with a latch, locks should be operated with one hand using a closed fist, e.g. lever
handles, bars or pull/push means. Round knobs should not be used. Whilst it is desirable that all
locking devices should be easy to use by the authorized user, there should be no compromise on
security.
When selecting locks, specifiers should verify the accessibility of the keyway, for both keys and
cylinders and privacy turns. Ideally, there should be sufficient distance between the lever handle and
the locking mechanism for those with poor sight or manual dexterity to be able to have clear access.
Locks which have the cylinder above the lever handle or vice versa need to be evaluated regarding to
the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
NOTE 1 The distance between the centres of the keyway and follower should preferably be greater than the
minimum distance shown in Figure B.1.
NOTE 2 Where door construction (such as aluminium frames) or other reasons do not permit the use of wide
backset (50 mm and over), it is possible to use offset lever handle furniture so that it does not restrict the hand
movement.
Bolts should be operable with one hand, and there should be sufficient space around the operating
device to enable use by people with reduced manual dexterity.
NOTE 3 Multipoint locks with central control are preferable to separate individually controlled units.
B.2.4.3 Operation of keys, thumb turns and snib
The turn of the key, thumb turn or snib to operate deadbolts and latches should be minimized.
a) Keys
Keys with larger bows and ergonomic design should be used. The provision of a larger key bow on
both lever and cylinder keys enables the user to have greater control. This facility also enables those
with poor vision to see the object more clearly. Key fobs may also be added to standard key bows to
assist with the operation of the key.
b) Thumb turns
The choice of large and/or asymmetric thumb turns and with ergonomic design on cylinders is
desirable to assist with the locking operation. The turn angle for operation should be minimized.
c) Privacy bolts
Privacy bolts should have coin slot or similar provision to enable them to be released from outside in
an emergency.
d) Additional bolts
When required for security reasons, inside turns are preferable to keys as they are easy to operate.
B.2.4.4 Recognition of operating element
Vision impaired people may have difficulty in recognizing the exit door and/or its operating element.
Specifiers should assure a minimum contrast between the operating element and the surface of the
door leaf, which should be of a colour/finish which makes them contrast visually with the door onto
which they are mounted.
Key
1 Door Frame 5 Free space for key (50 mm minimum)
2 Door 6 Distance (70 mm minimum)
3 Free space for key (50 mm minimum) 7 Backset (50 mm minimum)
4 Distance (50 mm minimum) 8 Free space for key (50 mm minimum)
NOTE Wherever there is a need for narrow stile backset of less than 50 mm, it is recommended to use offset
lever handles. See B.2.4.2. Specifiers should define adequate clearance around the keyhole on narrow style
doors (i.e. by selective removal of the door stop, etc.).
Figure B.1. - Minimum distances between the centres of keyway and follower
B.2.5 Assessment and example of product selection
The following tables will provide an assessment scheme and an example of product selection scheme
related to the above products.
See Table B.2 and Table B.3.
Table B.2 — Assessment scheme for locks, bolts, cylinders and keys
Door and user application
Potential user's requirements Relevant requirements for product
category
General requirements
Provide audio/visual feedback 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Visual recognition of operating element 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Rounded corners 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Accessible from a wheelchair 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Operational requirements
Single action to operate 99 99 99 99 99
99 99 99 99 99
Operable with one hand 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Operable without need to grip 99 99 99 99 #
99 99 99 99
# #
No need to insert a key 9999 9999 9999
d
Self-latching action 9999 9999 9999 # #
Maximum torque on handle: 5 Nm 99 99 99 # #
99 99 99
Maximum torque on key: 0,8 Nm 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Maximum force on thumb slide: 50 N 99 99 99 # 99
99 99 99 99
# # # # #
Maximum manual door opening force with adjustable
power size
Maximum manual door closing force # # # # #
Controlled door closing with adjustable speed # # # # #
# # # # #
Delayed closing function
Free swing function # # # # #
Maximum pull force to manual release
Dimensional requirements
Good clearance around finger-operated element 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Good clearance around hand-operated element 9999 9999 9999 # 9999
Low projection into the clear opening of the door 99 99 99 # 99
99 99 99 99
Suitability for use on fire- / smoke-resisting doorsets
Suitability for use on fire-resisting doorsets 9999 9999 9999
Suitability for use on smoke-resisting doorsets 9999 9999 9999
b
9999 Requirement can be relevant to the product category. Requirement relevant to the operating element
(lever handle, knob of a cylinder or bolt, etc.)
0 Does not conform to requirement.
d
Requirement relevant to the fire regulation.
# Requirement not relevant to the product category.
EN 12209
prEN 15685
EN 14846
EN 1303
EN 12051
Table B.3 — Example of product selection scheme for locks, bolts, cylinders and keys
Entrance door, residential, daily use, elderly person, not using a wheelchair
Potential user's requirements Relevant Products
requirements
for this
A B C D E
application
General requirements
#
Provide audio/visual feedback 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Visual recognition of operating element 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Rounded corners 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Accessible from a wheelchair
Operational requirements
Single action to operate 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Operable with one hand 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Operable without need to grip 9999 9999 9999 0 9999 9999
No need to insert a key 99
d
Self-latching action 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Maximum torque on handle: 5 Nm 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
#
Maximum torque on key: 0,8 Nm 9999 9999 9999 9999 9999
Maximum force on thumb slide: 50 N 9999 # 9999 # # #
Maximum manual door opening force with adjustable # # # # #
power size
Maximum manual door closing force # # # # #
Controlled door closing with adjustable speed # # # # #
Delayed closing function # # # # #
Free swing function # # # # #
# # # # #
Maximum pull force to manual release
Dimensional requirements
Good clearance around finger-operated element 9999 9999 0 9999 9999 9999
Good clearance around hand-operated element 99 99 99 99 99 99
99 99 99 99 99 99
Low projection into the clear opening of the door
Suitability for use on fire- / smoke-resisting doorsets
Suitability for use on fire-resisting doorsets
Suitability for use on smoke-resisting doorsets
Products acceptable for this particular application 9999 0 0 9999 9999
Product A: Mortise lock (latch and deadbolt) with metal lever handle operating element
Product B: Rim night latch (front door lock) with cylinder and metal lever operating element
Product C: Cylindrical lock with cylinder with metal bored or tubular operating element
Product D: Multipoint mortise lock with automatic deadbolt with cylinder and metal lever operating element
Product E: Electric lock (solenoid operated) with proximity card reader and metal lever operating element
b
9999 Conforms to requirement. Requirement relevant to the operating element
0 Does not conform to requirement. (lever handle, knob of a cylinder, etc.)
d
# Requirement not relevant to the product category. Requirement relevant to the fire regulation.
B.3 Door furniture, handles, handrails, and door protection hardware
B.3.1 Purpose of the hardware
These products are intended to:
manually operate the door, and any lock or latch fixed to it;
identify the operating point.
B.3.2 Different types and accessories, product standards
For door furniture (e.g. lever handles and knobs), reference can be made to EN 1906.
For pull handles, push plates and door protection, there is no EN standard available.
NOTE For emergency use of push pads, reference can be made to EN 179.
B.3.3 Installation and maintenance
Lock and latch furniture should be secured using bolt through and spindle fixing to reduce the risk of
accidental abuse or damage.
B.3.4 Advantages/disadvantages of door furniture, handles, handrails, and door
protection hardware
B.3.4.1 Door furniture
B.3.4.1.1 General
The smooth operation of door furniture, which is easily reached and provides a secure grip is of
critical importance for elderly and disabled people. It should be capable of use by people with poor
manual dexterity or manipulative problems.
Door furniture should be clearly distinguishable from the door using tonal contrast. Door furniture
should have rounded ends to ensure the minimum risk of injury.
Lever handle and knob furniture should conform to the requirements of EN 1906 in accordance with
the grade selected.
Lever handles or push pads should preferably be used instead of rotating knobs. It should be possible
to operate door furniture with one hand, without tightly grasping it or twisting the wrist.
Lever handles should be designed to have a minimum length (dimension X) of 120 mm, measured
from the axis of rotation to the free end, and the axis of rotation no more than 150 mm (dimension Z)
from the leading edge of the door.
To minimize the risk of injury or of trapping clothes, the free end of a lever handle shall point towards
the door such that the dimension “U” is not less than 40 mm, the dimension “W” is not more than
100 mm (standard projection) and the angle α between the free end of the lever handle perpendicular
to the surface of the door is not more than 30°.
To allow sufficient room for hand operation, lever handles should be designed such that a rounded
(17,5 mm radius) test block of 35 mm width and 95 mm length held at an angle of not more than 15°
to the surface of the door can be passed freely between the lever handle and the surface of the door.
This requirement shall be fulfilled at any position of the lever handle.
See Figure B.2.
They should be fixed at a maximum height of 1 060 mm from finished floor level.
Key
U Minimum dimension of lever end return
W Maximum projection
X Minimum length
Z Distance from the leading edge of the door
α Angle between the free end and the perpendicular to the door face
1 Test block
Figure B.2 — Critical dimensions of lever handles
B.3.4.1.2 Lever handles designs with special features
Certain manufacturers have introduced lever handle designs with special features specifically for use
by those who need to use the elbow, forearm or palm of the hand.
Where suitably enlarged lever handles are fitted, it is essential that the chosen lock is compatible and
will fully support the door furniture.
In addition to a lever handle on the face of the door it may be desirable to provide a horizontal pull
handle to allow a disabled person to close the door, once through, where there is less room for
manoeuvre.
For use of lever handles in combination with narrow stile locks having a small backset, preference
should be given to offset lever handles, featuring less risk of injuries.
B.3.4.2 Pull handles, push plates, and door protection
B.3.4.2.1 Pull handles
Pull handles should be a minimum 400 mm length and fitted to provide the maximum assistance with
opening and/or closing a door.
Full height pull handles are to be discouraged as they may restrict the clear opening. In addition,
wheelchair users may find it difficult to negotiate around them causing unnecessary inconvenience.
The lower fixing point for vertically fixed pull handles should be no more than a maximum height of
1 000 mm from finished floor level, unless special situations require a lower height (i.e. kindergartens).
A similar height should be used for horizontally fixed grab rails and pull handles.
B.3.4.2.2 Push plates
Push plates should be a minimum 400 mm with a minimum width of 100 mm (to suit hand width)
suitable to fit between the edge of the any panel and the edge of the door. In all instances the length
of the push plate should be sufficient to cover any bolt fixings used to secure the pull handle.
B.3.4.2.3 Door protection
Doors in openings through which elderly and disabled people manoeuvre may sustain a greater risk of
damage from wheelchairs, foot rests, walking sticks, walking frames and other appliances. It is
therefore essential that adequate protection is provided for the door and frame.
For door protection, it is recommended that a kick plate is fitted to both faces for the full width of the
door, less the margin for frame stops and edge tolerances. The recommended height of plate is
400 mm. Protection may also be provided for the leading edge of the door.
Where appropriate, mid-rail plates may also be fitted if the door is likely to be damaged by traffic, e.g.
where stretchers or service trolleys are present.
Sharp corners and edges should be avoided. For safety reasons, all protection and push plates
should be finished with radiused edges and corners.
B.3.4.3 Handrails, guard rails and support grab rails
B.3.4.3.1 Handrails
Handrails whether for ramps, steps, internal or external staircases and corridors, should be designed
to support the user, provide adequate grip and also serve as safety barrier rails.
Handrails should be of circular or oval profile, easy and comfortable to grip, and smooth. Handrails
should have a minimum cross section radius of 14 mm and a maximum cross section radius of 20 mm.
The cross sectional area of an oval profile shall be equal to those of circular profile with the above
mentioned radii. The handrail bracket should provide a minimum clear projection of 50 mm in all
directions. The top edge of the handrail should be not less than 900 mm and not more than 1 000 mm
from finished floor
...
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