EN 474-8:2022
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 8: Requirements for graders
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 8: Requirements for graders
This document, together with EN 474 1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to graders as defined in 3.1, when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A), associated with the whole life time of the machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 474 1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474 1:2022 but supplements or modifies the requirements for graders.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Transmission of power between self-propelled machinery (or tractor) and recipient machinery;
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document is not applicable to graders manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 8: Anforderungen an Grader
Dieses Dokument behandelt zusammen mit EN 474 1:2022 alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und ‑ereignisse von Gradern, wie sie in 3.1 definiert sind, wenn diese Maschinen bestimmungsgemäß verwendet werden sowie unter den vernünftigerweise vom Hersteller vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen (siehe Anhang A) für die gesamte Lebensdauer der Maschine wie in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, beschrieben betrieben werden.
Die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments gelten ergänzend zu den allgemeinen Anforderungen in EN 474 1:2022. Dieses Dokument wiederholt nicht die Anforderungen aus EN 474 1:2022, sondern ergänzt oder ändert diese für den Einsatz von Gradern.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Leistungsanforderungen an Sicherheitsfunktionen von Steuerungssystemen.
Die folgenden signifikanten und relevanten Gefährdungen werden in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt:
— Kraftübertragung zwischen einer selbstfahrenden Maschine (oder einer Zugmaschine) und einer angetriebenen Maschine;
— Laserstrahlung;
— Blitzschlag.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Grader, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 8 : Prescriptions applicables aux niveleuses
Le présent document associé à l’EN 474‑1:2022 traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations dangereuses et événements se rapportant aux niveleuses telles que définies en 3.1, lorsqu'elles sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions prévues, mais en tenant également compte des mauvais usages raisonnablement prévisibles (voir Annexe A), associés à toute la durée de vie de l'engin, comme décrit dans l'EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
Les prescriptions du présent document viennent en complément des prescriptions communes présentées dans l’EN 474 1:2022. Le présent document ne répète pas les prescriptions de l’EN 474 1:2022, mais complète ou modifie les prescriptions pour les niveleuses.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucune prescription de performance relative aux fonctions de sécurité du (des) système(s) de commande.
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs et pertinents suivants ne sont pas couverts par le présent document :
— transmission de puissance entre la machine automotrice (ou le tracteur) et la machine réceptrice ;
— laser ;
— foudre.
Le présent document n'est pas applicable aux niveleuses fabriquées avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 8. del: Zahteve za grederje
Ta dokument skupaj s 1. delom obravnava vsa večja tveganja za stroje za zemeljska dela – grederje, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec, v zvezi s celotno življenjsko dobo stroja (glej točko 4).
Zahteve iz tega dela dopolnjujejo splošne zahteve iz standarda
prEN 474-1. Ta dokument ne navaja ponovno zahtev iz standarda prEN 474-1, temveč dodaja ali nadomešča zahteve za uporabo strojev za zemeljska dela – grederjev.
Ta del obravnava tudi grederje, ki so opremljeni s snežnim plugom.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za grederje, izdelane pred datumom izdaje tega evropskega standarda s strani Evropskega odbora za standardizacijo (CEN).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 474-8:2007+A1:2009
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 8. del: Zahteve za grederje
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 8: Requirements for graders
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 8: Anforderungen für Grader
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 8 : Prescriptions applicables aux niveleuses
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-8:2022
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 474-8
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-8:2006+A1:2009
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 8: Requirements
for graders
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 8 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 8: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux niveleuses für Grader
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-8:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Seat . 7
4.3 Transportation . 7
4.4 Steering system . 7
4.5 Protective measures and devices . 8
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 8
6 Information for use . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Operator's manual . 9
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 10
Annex B (informative) Illustrations . 14
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered. 15
Bibliography . 20
European foreword
This document (EN 474-8:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 474-8:2006+A1:2009.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
The main differences between this document and EN 474-8:2006+A1:2009 are as follows:
a) the normative references (Clause 2) (updated);
b) verification methods table (Clause 5) (added);
c) safety related function of control systems (excluded);
d) list of significant hazards (Annex A) (updated);
e) Annex ZA (updated).
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
1 Scope
This document, together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to graders as defined in 3.1, when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse
which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A), associated with the whole life time
of the machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for graders.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Transmission of power between self-propelled machinery (or tractor) and recipient machinery;
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document is not applicable to graders manufactured before the date of publication of this document
by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2022, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN ISO 7096:2020, Earth-moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 7096:2020)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2022, EN ISO 12100:2010
and the following apply.
NOTE Terminology for graders is specified in ISO 7134:2013 and illustrated in Annex B of this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
grader
self-propelled wheeled machine with an adjustable blade positioned between the front and rear axles,
which can be equipped with a front-mounted blade or scarifier that can also be located between the front
and rear axles
Note 1 to entry: The machine is primarily designed for grading, sloping, ditching and the scarifying of materials
through its forward motion.
[SOURCE: ISO 6165:2012]
Note 2 to entry: The grader can be equipped with a rear-mounted ripper.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context
Graders shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of this
clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to EN 474-1
Graders shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2022, as far as not modified or replaced by the
requirements of this part.
There are general requirements specified in EN 474-1:2022 that are not applicable because the risk
assessment has shown that for graders the corresponding hazard does not exist. For graders 4.4.2, 4.5.10,
4.7.3, 4.12, 4.22.5, 4.23, 4.24, Annex B, Annex C and Annex D in EN 474-1:2022, are not applicable.
4.2 Seat
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1 shall apply with the addition that the seat shall meet the requirements of
EN ISO 7096:2020, tested with the input spectral class of EM4.
4.3 Transportation
4.3.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.15.6 shall apply with the modification given in 4.3.2 below.
4.3.2 Requirements for travelling mode
The leaning front wheel system shall be designed to be mechanically locked in the vertical position.
The frame articulation system shall be designed to be mechanically locked in the straight-frame position.
The implement control system shall be designed so that it can be deactivated (EN 474-1:2022, 4.5.3).
All blades and equipment shall be designed to allow them to be positioned within the defined transport-
width of the machine for travel.
4.4 Steering system
4.4.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.6 shall apply with the additions given in 4.4.2 below.
4.4.2 St
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