EN 16091:2022
(Main)Liquid petroleum products - Middle distillates and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuels and blends - Determination of oxidation stability by rapid small scale oxidation test (RSSOT)
Liquid petroleum products - Middle distillates and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuels and blends - Determination of oxidation stability by rapid small scale oxidation test (RSSOT)
This document specifies a method for the determination of the oxidation stability of middle distillate fuels, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and blends thereof, under accelerated conditions, by measuring the induction period to the specified breakpoint in a reaction vessel charged with the sample and oxygen at 140 °C.
NOTE 1 For the purposes of this document, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction (φ).
NOTE 2 The induction period is used as an indication for the resistance of middle distillates, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuels and blends thereof against oxidation. This correlation can vary markedly under different conditions with different FAMEs and diesel fuel blends.
NOTE 3 The presence of ignition improvers can lead to lower oxidation stability results determined by this method. It has for instance been observed that the addition of 2-ethyl hexyl nitrate (2-EHN) can reduce the measured oxidation stability values. See [6] for details.
NOTE 4 For further information on the precision data at a test temperature of 120 °C see Annex C.
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Mitteldestillat- und Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME)-Kraftstoffe und -Mischungen - Bestimmung der Oxidationsstabilität mit beschleunigtem Oxidationsverfahren und kleiner Probenmenge (RSSOT)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Oxidationsstabilität von Mitteldestillat- und Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME)-Kraftstoffen und Mischungen aus beiden unter beschleunigten Bedingungen fest; dies geschieht durch Messung der Induktionszeit bis zum definierten Bezugspunkt, die in einem mit der Probe und mit Sauerstoff befüllten Reaktionsgefäß bei 140 °C ermittelt wird.
ANMERKUNG 1 Für die Zwecke dieses Dokuments wird zur Angabe des Volumenanteils (φ) einer Substanz der Ausdruck "% (V/V)" verwendet.
ANMERKUNG 2 Die Induktionszeit wird als ein Hinweis auf Oxidationsbeständigkeit von Mitteldestillat- und Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME)-Kraftstoffen und Mischungen aus beiden verwendet. Diese Korrelation kann in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen FAMEs, Dieselkraftstoffgemischen und Bedingungen deutlichen Schwankungen unterliegen.
ANMERKUNG 3 Die Anwesenheit von Zündverbesserern kann bei diesem Verfahren zu niedrigeren Messwerten für die Oxidationsstabilität führen. Zum Beispiel wurde beobachtet, dass bei Zugabe von 2 Ethylhexylnitrat (2 EHN) die gemessenen Werte für die Oxidationsstabilität geringer ausfallen können. Einzelheiten siehe [6].
ANMERKUNG 4 Weiterführende Angaben zu den Präzisionsdaten bei einer Prüftemperatur von 120 °C siehe Anhang C.
Produits pétroliers liquides - Distillats moyens, esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) et leurs mélanges - Détermination de la stabilité à l'oxydation par méthode d'oxydation accélérée à petite échelle (RSSOT)
Le présent document définit une méthode pour la détermination, dans des conditions d’oxydation accélérée, de la stabilité à l’oxydation des distillats moyens, des esters méthyliques d’acides gras (EMAG) et de leurs mélanges. Elle est basée sur la mesure de la période d’induction à un point de rupture donné dans un récipient de réaction contenant l’échantillon et de l’oxygène.
NOTE 1 Pour les besoins du présent document, le terme "% (V/V)" est utilisé pour représenter la fraction volumique (φ).
NOTE 2 La période d’induction est considérée comme une indication pour la résistance des distillats moyens, des EMAG et de leurs mélanges à l’oxydation. Cette corrélation peut varier nettement selon les différentes conditions concernant les mélanges des divers EMAG et de carburant diesel.
NOTE 3 La présence d’additifs améliorants de cétane peut entraîner une minoration des résultats de stabilité à l’oxydation mesurée par cette méthode. Il a été observé par exemple que l’ajout de 2-éthyl hexyl nitrate (2-EHN) peut abaisser les valeurs mesurées de stabilité à l’oxydation. Voir [6] pour les détails.
NOTE 4 Pour plus d'informations sur les données de fidélité à une température d'essai de 120 °C, voir l'Annexe C.
Tekoči naftni proizvodi - Goriva na osnovi srednjih destilatov, metilnih estrov maščobnih kislin (FAME) in mešanic - Ugotavljanje oksidacijske stabilnosti z oksidacijskim preskusom rapidne male skale (RSSOT)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16091:2012
Tekoči naftni proizvodi - Goriva na osnovi srednjih destilatov, metilnih estrov
maščobnih kislin (FAME) in mešanic - Ugotavljanje oksidacijske stabilnosti z
oksidacijskim preskusom rapidne male skale (RSSOT)
Liquid petroleum products - Middle distillates and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuels
and blends - Determination of oxidation stability by rapid small scale oxidation test
(RSSOT)
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Mitteldestillat- und Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME)-
Kraftstoffe und -Mischungen - Bestimmung der Oxidationsstabilität mit beschleunigtem
Oxidationsverfahren und kleiner Probenmenge (RSSOT)
Produits pétroliers liquides - Distillats moyens, esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG)
et leurs mélanges - Détermination de la stabilité à l'oxydation par méthode d'oxydation
accélérée à petite échelle (RSSOT)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16091:2022
ICS:
75.160.20 Tekoča goriva Liquid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 16091
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN 16091:2011
English Version
Liquid petroleum products - Middle distillates and fatty
acid methyl ester (FAME) fuels and blends - Determination
of oxidation stability by rapid small scale oxidation test
(RSSOT)
Produits pétroliers liquides - Distillats moyens, esters Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Mitteldestillat- und
méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG) et leurs mélanges - Fettsäure-Methylester (FAME)-Kraftstoffe und -
Détermination de la stabilité à l'oxydation par méthode Mischungen - Bestimmung der Oxidationsstabilität mit
d'oxydation accélérée à petite échelle (RSSOT) beschleunigtem Oxidationsverfahren und kleiner
Probenmenge (RSSOT)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 September 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16091:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Principle . 5
5 Reagents and materials . 6
6 Apparatus . 6
7 Sampling and sample handling . 6
8 Performance check of the apparatus . 6
9 Preparation of the apparatus . 7
10 Procedure . 7
11 Expression of results . 8
12 Precision . 8
12.1 General. 8
12.2 Repeatability, r . 8
12.3 Reproducibility, R . 8
13 Test report . 9
Annex A (normative) Apparatus description . 10
A.1 General requirements . 10
A.2 Assembly of apparatus . 10
A.3 Reaction vessel . 10
A.4 Screw cap . 10
A.5 Electric heater . 11
A.6 O-ring seals . 11
A.7 Valves . 11
A.8 Pressure sensor . 11
A.9 Temperature sensor . 11
A.10 Connecting pipes . 11
A.11 Cooling fan . 11
Annex B (informative) Determination of induction period . 12
Annex C (informative) Test method and precision data at 120 °C . 13
C.1 Background . 13
C.2 Short description of the implementation of the RSSOT method using a reduced
measurement temperature of 120 °C . 13
C.3 Precision . 13
C.3.1 General . 13
C.3.2 Repeatability, r . 14
C.3.3 Reproducibility, R . 14
C.4 Outcome of the ILS . 14
Bibliography . 15
European foreword
This document (EN 16091:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and
liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat
of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by month April 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16091:2011.
In comparison with the previous edition EN 16091:2011, the following technical modifications have been
made:
a) addition of informative Annex C to include work that has been executed on a modified rapid small
scale oxidation method at 120 °C;
b) revision of Clause 8: the performance check of the apparatus and the recommended calibration
process have been merged into a single Clause 8.1;
c) Annex on the calibration process has been removed;
d) the document was revised editorially.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the oxidation stability of middle distillate
fuels, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and blends thereof, under accelerated conditions, by measuring
the induction period to the specified breakpoint in a reaction vessel charged with the sample and oxygen
at 140 °C.
NOTE 1 For the purposes of this document, the term “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction (φ).
NOTE 2 The induction period is used as an indication for the resistance of middle distillates, fatty acid methyl
ester (FAME) fuels and blends thereof against oxidation. This correlation can vary markedly under different
conditions with different FAMEs and diesel fuel blends.
NOTE 3 The presence of ignition improvers can lead to lower oxidation stability results determined by this
method. It has for instance been observed that the addition of 2-ethyl hexyl nitrate (2-EHN) can reduce the
measured oxidation stability values. See [6] for details.
NOTE 4 For further information on the precision data at a test temperature of 120 °C see Annex C.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170)
EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids - Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
breakpoint
point in the pressure-time curve, where the pressure in the vessel has dropped 10 % below the maximum
pressure achieved in the current test run
3.2
induction period
time elapsed between starting the heating procedure of the reaction vessel, charged with sample and
oxygen, and the breakpoint, measured in minutes
4 Principle
At ambient temperature, a known volume of a sample is placed in a reaction vessel charged with oxygen
to a pressure of 700 kPa ± 5 kPa. The reaction vessel is heated to 140 °C. The pressure in the vessel drops
as the oxygen is consumed during the oxidation of the sample. The pressure in the vessel is recorded at
intervals of 1 s until the breakpoint is reached. The elapsed time from start to the breakpoint is the
induction period at the test temperature of 140 °C ± 0,5 °C.
NOTE Work has been executed on the determination of oxidation stability by a modified rapid small-scale
oxidation method at 120 °C. The results thereof are given in Annex C.
5 Reagents and
...
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