EN 12417:2001+A2:2009
(Main)Machine tools - Safety - Machining centres
Machine tools - Safety - Machining centres
1.1 This standard specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of machining centres (see 3.1).
1.2 This standard takes account of intended use including reasonably foreseeable misuse, maintenance, cleaning, and setting operations. It presumes access to the machine from all directions. It describes means to reduce risks to operators and other exposed persons.
1.3 This standard also applies to the workpiece transfer devices when they form an integral part of the machine.
1.4 This standard deals with significant hazards relevant to machining centres when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4).
1.5 Hazards arising from other metal working processes (e.g. grinding, turning, forming, EDM, laser processing) are covered by other standards (see Bibliography).
1.6 This standard applies to machines which are manufactured after (its date of publication).
Werkzeugmaschinen - Sicherheit - Bearbeitungszentren
1.1 Diese Norm legt die technischen Sicherheitsanforderungen und Schutzmaßnahmen fest, die von
Personen zu beachten sind, die mit der Konstruktion, dem Bau und der Lieferung (einschließlich Installation
und Demontage, mit Vorkehrungen für Transport und Instandhaltung) von Bearbeitungszentren befasst sind
(siehe 3.1).
1.2 Diese Norm berücksichtigt die bestimmungsgemäße Verwendung einschließlich des vernünftigerweise
vorhersehbaren Missbrauchs, der Instandhaltung, der Reinigung und der Einrichtvorgänge. Sie setzt den
Zugang zur Maschine von allen Seiten voraus. Sie beschreibt Mittel zur Risikominderung sowohl für Bediener
als auch für andere gefährdete Personen.
1.3 Diese Norm gilt auch für Werkstück-Transporteinrichtungen, wenn diese einen integralen Bestandteil
der Maschine bilden.
1.4 Diese Norm behandelt signifikante Gefährdungen an Bearbeitungszentren bei bestimmungsgemäßer
Verwendung und unter Bedingungen, die für den Hersteller vorhersehbar sind (siehe Abschnitt 4).
1.5 Gefährdungen, die aus anderen Bearbeitungsverfahren herrühren (z. B. Schleifen, Drehen, Umformen,
Elektroerodieren (EDM), Laser-Bearbeitung), werden durch andere Normen abgedeckt (siehe Literaturhinweise).
1.6 Diese Norm gilt für Maschinen, die nach dem Ausgabedatum dieser Norm hergestellt wurden.
Machines-outils - Sécurité - Centres d'usinage
1.1 La présente norme précise les #prescriptions$ techniques de sécurité et les mesures #de prévention$
qui doivent être prises par les personnes réalisant la conception, la construction et la fourniture (y compris l'installation
et démantèlement ainsi que le transport et l'entretien) de centres d'usinage (voir 3.1).
1.2 La présente norme tient compte de l'usage prévu, y compris du mauvais usage raisonnablement prévisible,
des opérations d'entretien, de nettoyage et de réglage. Elle présume de l'accès à la machine dans toutes les
directions. Elle décrit les moyens permettant de réduire les risques auxquels les opérateurs et aux autres personnes
sont exposées.
1.3 La présente norme s'applique aussi aux dispositifs de changement de pièce lorsqu'ils font partie intégrante de
la machine.
1.4 La présente norme traite des phénomènes dangereux significatifs présentés par les centres d'usinage
lorsqu'ils sont utilisés comme prévu et dans les conditions définies par le #fabricant$ (voir Article 4).
1.5 Les phénomènes dangereux provoqués par d'autres procédés d'usinage (par exemple meulage, tournage,
formage, usinage par électroérosion, usinage par laser) sont traités dans d'autres normes (voir la Bibliographie).
1.6 La présente norme s'applique aux machines construites après la publication de la présente norme.
Obdelovalni stroji - Varnost - Obdelovalni centri
1.1 Ta standard opredeljuje zahteve za tehnično varnost in zaščitne ukrepe, ki jih morajo uporabiti osebe, katere se ukvarjajo z načrtovanjem, gradnjo in dobavo (vključno z namestitvijo in razstavljanjem, z ureditvijo prevoza in vzdrževanja) obdelovalnih centrov (glej 3.1).
1.2 Ta standard upošteva nameravano uporabo, vključno z razumno predvidljivo napačno uporabo, vzdrževanje, čiščenje, in operacije nastavitve. Predpostavlja dostop do stroja z vseh strani. Opisuje načine za zmanjšanje tveganj za upravljalce in druge izpostavljene osebe.
1.3 Ta standard se uporablja tudi za naprave za prenos obdelovanca, kadar tvorijo sestavni del stroja.
1.4 Ta standard obravnava vse velike nevarnosti v zvezi z obdelovalnimi centri, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z namembnostjo in pod pogoji, kot jih je predvidel proizvajalec (glej Klavzulo 4).
1.5 Nevarnosti, ki izhajajo iz drugih postopkov obdelave kovin (npr. brušenja, struženja, oblikovanja, elektroerozije - EDM, laserske obdelave), so zajeti v drugih standardih (glej bibliografijo).
1.6 Ta standard velja za stroje, izdelane po (datum njegove objave).
General Information
Relations
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Machine tools - Safety - Machining centres". This standard covers: 1.1 This standard specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of machining centres (see 3.1). 1.2 This standard takes account of intended use including reasonably foreseeable misuse, maintenance, cleaning, and setting operations. It presumes access to the machine from all directions. It describes means to reduce risks to operators and other exposed persons. 1.3 This standard also applies to the workpiece transfer devices when they form an integral part of the machine. 1.4 This standard deals with significant hazards relevant to machining centres when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). 1.5 Hazards arising from other metal working processes (e.g. grinding, turning, forming, EDM, laser processing) are covered by other standards (see Bibliography). 1.6 This standard applies to machines which are manufactured after (its date of publication).
1.1 This standard specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of machining centres (see 3.1). 1.2 This standard takes account of intended use including reasonably foreseeable misuse, maintenance, cleaning, and setting operations. It presumes access to the machine from all directions. It describes means to reduce risks to operators and other exposed persons. 1.3 This standard also applies to the workpiece transfer devices when they form an integral part of the machine. 1.4 This standard deals with significant hazards relevant to machining centres when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). 1.5 Hazards arising from other metal working processes (e.g. grinding, turning, forming, EDM, laser processing) are covered by other standards (see Bibliography). 1.6 This standard applies to machines which are manufactured after (its date of publication).
EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.040.10 - Machining centres. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 12417:2001, EN 12417:2001/A1:2006, EN ISO 16090-1:2018, EN 12417:2001+A2:2009/AC:2010. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC, 98/37/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/079, M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Obdelovalni stroji - Varnost - Obdelovalni centriWerkzeugmaschinen - Sicherheit - BearbeitungszentrenMachines-outils - Sécurité - Centres d'usinageMachine tools - Safety - Machining centres25.040.10Machining centresICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12417:2001+A2:2009SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009en,fr01-maj-2009SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12417:2001+A2
February 2009 ICS 25.040.10 Supersedes EN 12417:2001English Version
Machine tools - Safety - Machining centres
Machines-outils - Sécurité - Centres d'usinage
Werkzeugmaschinen - Sicherheit - Bearbeitungszentren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 June 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 3 February 2006 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 29 December 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12417:2001+A2:2009: ESIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009
Guards on machining centres - Impact test method . 31 Annex B (informative)
Equipment for impact test . 35 Annex C (informative)
Illustrative figures used as examples . 36 Annex D (normative)
Noise emission measurement . 41 Annex ZA (informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC$$$$ . 43 Annex ZB (informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC$$$$ . 44 Bibliography . 45
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and major sources of these hazards associated with machining centres .9 Table 2 — List of safety requirements and/or protective measures and their verification procedures . 13
!" and # $. Annex A is normative. Annexes B to D and ZA #and ZB$ are informative. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). #For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.$ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings Part 3: Anthropometric data EN 574:1996, Safety of machinery - Two hand control devices – Functional aspects – Principles for design EN 614, Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles –
Part 1: Terminology and general principles Part 2: Interaction between machinery design and work tasks EN 626-1:1994, Safety of machinery – Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery – Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009
Part 2: Working platforms and gangways Part 3: Stairways, stepladders and guard-rails prEN 13478:1999, Safety of machinery – Fire prevention and protection EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low–noise machinery and equipment – Part 1: Planning ISO/TR 11688-2:1998, Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low–noise machinery and equipment – Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design !EN ISO 15641, Milling cutters for high speed machining — Safety requirements (ISO 15641:2001)" EN 50081–2:1993, Electromagnetic compatibility – Generic emission standard – Part 2: Industrial environment EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines – Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997) EN 61000-6-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-2: Generic standards - Immunity for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:1999) EN 61496-1: 1997, Safety of machinery - Electrosensitive protective equipment – Part 1 -
General requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:1997) IEC 61496-2:1997, Safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment – Part 2:
Particular requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) ISO 2806:1994, Industrial automation systems – Numerical control of machines – Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply.
For other terms and definitions, see EN 292-1, EN 292-2+A1. 3.1 machining centre a numerically controlled machine tool, where the spindle orientation is usually either horizontal or vertical, capable of carrying out two or more machining processes (e.g. milling, drilling, boring) and having facilities to enable tools to be changed automatically from a magazine or similar storage unit in accordance with the machining program. Such machines may incorporate facilities for manual control in varying degrees 3.2 numerical control (computer numerical control) (NC, CNC) automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data introduced while the operation is in progress (ISO 2806:1994, 2.1.1) 3.3 work zone the space where the metal cutting process can take place SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009
Description Example(s) of related hazardous situation(s) Associated activity Related danger zone Clause 5 Reference (Table 2) 1. Mechanical hazards
1.1 Crushing
workpiece clamping loading/reorienting/ unloading between clamps and workpiece 1.4
movements associated with automatic tool changing power–operated tool change envelope of tool-changer motion between spindle and tool store 1.3
moving axes maintenance within pits 1.7
movement of operating platforms normal operation, maintenance at or near machine 1.8 1.2 Shearing moving axes manual operation/ tool change between tool/ spindle and table/ workpiece 1.1.6.3 1.1.6.4 1.2.1.3 1.3 Cutting or severing spindle or tool running or cutting spindle running at spindle or tool 1.1 to 1.1.6.4 1.4 Entanglement movements associated with automatic tool changing power–operated tool-change envelope of tool-changer motion between spindle and tool store 1.3
removal of swarf/chips power–operated swarf/chip removal swarf/chip collection and discharge zones 1.5 1.5 Drawing–in or trapping rapid travel of table or spindle head power–operated motion of workpiece on table or tool in spindle envelope of movement of workpiece on table axes; envelope of movement of tool in spindle head 1.1
rotating power transmission mechanisms
maintenance in or around machine 1.6 1.6 Impact moving/rotating tool spindle running at spindle or tool 1.1 to 1.1.6.4
automatic tool changing power–operated tool change envelope of tool change motion 1.3
automatic workpiece transfer (e.g. pallet loading system)
power-operated workpiece transfer envelope of motion of workpiece and workpiece transfer mechanisms 1.4 1.7 Stabbing or puncture moving/rotating tool (especially eccentric tools) process control at tool in spindle 1.1 to 1.1.6.4
movements associated with automatic tool changing power–operated tool change envelope of tool changer motion (especially tool grippers) 1.3
handling tools during manual tool change or replenishing tool magazine at sharp cutter faces (see clause 7)
handling swarf/chips during loading/ unloading and cleaning at workpiece, table, and swarf /chip collecting and discharge zones (see clause 7)
Description Example(s) of related hazardous situation(s) Associated activity Related danger zone Clause 5 Reference (Table 2) 2 Electrical hazards
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) contact with live parts or connections during commissioning, maintenance, trouble shooting electrical cabinet, terminal boxes, control panels at machine 2.1 2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) contact with live parts or connections during operation, inspection and maintenance of machine at machine or faulty part 2.2 4 Hazards generated by noise
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological disorders (e.g. loss of balance, loss of awareness) motion of power transmission elements, cutting processes and fluid power systems during operating cycle of machine near machine 4 4.2 Interference with speech communication, acoustical signals air blast used for cleaning of tool or pallet locations
during operating cycle of machine near machine 4 6 Hazards generated by radiation 6.5 Lasers direct or reflected visual exposure to laser radiation maintenance of laser positional feedback system within machine 6.5 7 Hazards generated by materials and substances 7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes, and dusts conditions near machine caused by ejection of particles of work material, fluid droplets or mist from metal working fluids during operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 7.1 7.2 Fire or explosion flammable work material, flammable (low flash point) metal working fluids during operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 7.2 7.3 Biological or micro–biological (viral or bacterial) hazards contact with hydraulic or metal working fluid as liquid or mist containing detritus and bacteria during operation, process control, and maintenance at or near machine 7.3 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in the design process8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort (repetitive strain)
lifting and reaching while handling workpiece, tools, and machine parts during loading/ unloading, process control, and maintenance at load/unload and tool mounting positions, maintenance action points 8.1 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy inappropriate location of controls during loading/ unloading, process control, and maintenance at load/unload and tool mounting positions, maintenance action points 8.2 8.4 Inadequate local lighting judgement and accuracy of manual actions impaired during handling/ positioning of work materials and cutters during loading /unloading, process control, tool handling at load/unload, tool mounting positions 8.4
Description Example(s) of related hazardous situation(s)Associated activity Related danger zone Clause 5 Reference (Table 2) 8.6 Human errors, human behaviour reasonably foreseeable misuse, inadvertent operation of controls, incorrect work material and cutter handling and setting during loading/ unloading, process control, tool handling at load/unload, tool mounting positions 8.6 8.7 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls inadvertent
operation of controls during setting, operating cycle
at or near machine 8.7 8.8 Inadequate design or location of visual display units misinterpretation of displayed information during setting, operating cycle
at or near machine 8.8 10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/ overspeed 10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system mechanical hazards associated with selected machine movement during setting, cleaning
at machine 10.1 10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interruption unexpected movements of machine during setting, cleaning or maintenance at or near machine 10.2 10.3 External influences on the electrical equipment unpredictable behaviour of electronic controls due to electromagnetic interference during setting or operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 10.3 13 Failure of the power supply malfunctions of the control with consequent misapplication of stored energy or power.
Power workholding fails, motor overspeed.
Part breakage causes machine elements to move under residual forces (inertia, gravity, spring/ energy storage means) causing external elements to move unexpectedly during operation, process control, maintenance at machine where machine elements retained in a safe condition by the application of power or fluid pressure. 13 14 Failure of the control circuit Unexpected movements of machine during setting, cleaning or maintenance at or near machine 14 15 Errors of fitting machine elements fail or swing unexpectedly during process control, tool mounting, maintenance at machine 15 17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids ejection of machine parts, workpiece or tools caused by clamping device, control system failures or collision due to data errors during the operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 1.2.6 17 18 Loss of stability, overturning of machinery unrestrained machine or machine part (maintained in position by gravity), falls or overturns during loading/ unloading and process control, at heavy/unwieldy workpieces during maintenance (disassembly/ relocation) at machine
18 SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General requirements Machining centres shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machining centre shall be designed according to the principles of EN 292 for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this standard. SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009
5.2 Specific requirements Table 2 — List of safety requirements and/or protective measures and their verification procedures NOTE The numbering of various provisions in this table is in accordance with Table 1 and hence missing numbers correspond to hazards which are not significant Hazards
Safety requirement and/or protective measureVerification1 Mechanical
1.1 Work zone
1.1.1 Primary safeguards The work zones of machining centres shall be safeguarded. The guarding arrangements shall be designed to prevent access to hazardous situations. NOTE
General guidance for the design selection of safeguards, where the hazards from moving parts cannot be avoided by design is given in 4.1, 4.2 and Table 1 of EN 292-2:1991. For the purposes of this clause,
1) all protective equipment shall be in accordance with the following: in accordance with EN 61496-1:1997 (ESPE), in accordance with IEC 61496-2:1997, category 4 (AOPD), in accordance with EN 1760-1:1997 (PSPD). 2) Guards shall be in accordance with EN 953:1997, and interlocking devices shall be in accordance with EN1088:1995. Visual inspection
1.1.2 Guarding strategies
1.1.2.1 General
The work zone shall be enclosed where possible by fixed and/or interlocked movable guards during machining operations. Where enclosure is not reasonably practicable (e.g. due to the size of the workpiece, its geometry, other special characteristics of the machine or its application), operators and other exposed persons shall be safeguarded by a combination of other means (e.g. protected operator position (cabin), perimeter guarding, other protective devices).
Visual inspection, assessment
1.1.2.2 Enclosure Where reasonably practicable, work zone guarding shall be fixed to the structure of the machine (see 3.2.1 of EN 953:1997) (see also guard characteristics below and Figures C.1 – C.4, C.6).
Visual inspection Examination of drawings
1.1.2.3 Alternatives to enclosures Access to the work zone, by the operator, from the normal (fixed) operating position shall be prevented by local guarding (typically forming a cabin - see Figures C.5 and C.7). Access to the cabin shall not require entry into the hazard zone enclosed by perimeter fencing or other protective devices. Where this is not possible because of the machine configuration or other operating constraints, the access route to the operating position shall not require approach to hazardous situations.
Visual inspection
Where the machine operator requires access to the work zone from the protected (fixed) operating position (cabin) e.g. for setting purposes or process control, the cabin shall be designed so that access is via an interlocked movable guard from within the cabin. Alternatively the movement of a pendant control from the cabin position shall have the same effect as the interlocked guard above. Operation of the machine in mode 1 (automatic cycle) shall only be possible when the pendant control (above) is relocated in the cabin. Any other powered movement of machine elements shall only be achieved by selection of the appropriate operating mode (see operating modes below). Access to the work zone by persons other than the machine operator shall be prevented by perimeter fencing and/or other means (e.g. electrosensitive protective equipment (ESPE), active-opto electronic protective devices (AOPDs), pressure sensitive protective devices (PSPDs).
Where access points (e.g. gates), are provided they shall be interlocked. Where interlocking is not possible because of the particular machine configuration and application, any non interlocked access points shall be within the visual field of the operator(s) from the normal working position. Where it is foreseen that the machine will be operated unattended, for some or all of the operating cycle, other means of access control (e.g. key pad operated locks), shall be provided to prevent unauthorised access.
Visual inspection, conformance to drawings/ specifications
1.1.3 Multiple work zones Where more than one work zone is provided on a single machine, safeguards (e.g. fixed or movable interlocked guards, AOPD, ESPE) shall protect the operator(s) from adjacent active work zone hazards (e.g. when loading or unloading workpieces in a non-active work zone, cleaning).
Unauthorised movement of the machine into an adjacent non-active work zone shall be prevented using a limiting device, (e.g. mechanical stops, range limit switches, light beams, AOPDs).
Visual inspection, functional test to ensure compliance, conformance to drawings/ specifications
1.1.4 Guard Characteristics
1.1.4.1 Height and Position Where guards are floor mounted (e.g. perimeter fencing), they shall be securely fixed and have a minimum height of 1.4 m at a distance in accordance with Table 2 of EN 294:1992 from the hazard zone. Any opening between the bottom of the guard and the floor shall not exceed 300 mm.
Measurements to ensure compliance with EN 294
1.1.4.2 Containment
Guards shall be designed to contain and/or prevent exposure to swarf/chips, fluids and parts that can be discharged or ejected (see also 7.1.4 mist and vapour, 17.1 fluids mists and 17.2 ejection, 19.2 contamination of floors etc., in this table).
Practical check
Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification 1.1.4.3 Observation Where routine observation of the machine operation is required, means (e.g. windows) shall be provided so that this can be achieved without the need to open, remove or suspend any work zone guard or other protective device(s) (see also 8.4 lighting, in this table).
Visual inspection
1.1.5 Interlocking
1.1.5.1 All movable guards through which frequent access to the work zone is required (i.e. more than once per shift) shall be interlocked. Opening of a guard or actuation of a protective device in mode 1 (automatic cycle - see below) shall cause hazardous movements to stop and further movement to be inhibited (see EN 1037). Measures to minimise the possible defeat of interlocking device(s) shall be taken (see clauses 5 and 7 of EN 1088:1995).
Visual inspection, practical check
1.1.5.2 If opening of an interlocking movable guard exposes operators to hazards listed 1.1 -1.7 of Table 1, guard locking shall be provided (see EN 1088 and also 7.2.m, of clause 7).
Practical check
1.1.6 Modes of operation
1.1.6.1 General
Each machine shall have at least two modes of operation (i.e. modes 1 and 2) with the option of a third mode (i.e. mode 3). The selection of a mode of operation shall be either by key switch, access code or equally secure means and shall only be permitted from outside the work zone. Selection of a mode shall not initiate hazardous situations.
Visual inspection, practical check
1.1.6.2 Mode 1 - Automatic cycle [automatic production]
The guards shall be closed and/or the protective devices be active to permit execution of programmed sequential machine operation under numerical control.
Practical check
1.1.6.3 Mode 2 - SettingSetting mode is a mode of operation in which adjustments for the subsequent machining process are performed by the operator.
NOTE
Assessment of tool or workpiece position, e.g. by touching the workpiece with a probe or tool, and programme sequence checking, belong to the setting mode.
When any interlocked movable guard is open or a protective device is suspended, powered machine movements shall only be permitted under the following conditions:
a) Axis movements at a maximum rate of 2 m/min. or a maximum increment of 10 mm. Measurement
These movements shall be selected one axis at a time and may be initiated and maintained by one of the following means: – a hold-to-run control device; – an electronic handwheel; – manual data input (MDI) followed by cycle start together with an enabling device.
Practical check
b) Spindle speed shall be limited by its stopping performance which shall not exceed 2 revolutions.
Measurement
Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
Spindle rotation shall only be initiated and maintained by one of the following means: – a hold-to-run control device – a spindle start control device together with an enabling device.
Release of an enabling device shall initiate a category 1 stop in accordance with 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:1997. Practical check
c) The limits of speed or incremental distance [defined in a) and b) above] shall be monitored and if exceeded, the power to the drives shall be removed by a controlled stop (Category 1 - see 9.2.2 of EN 60204–1:1997).
Examination of circuit diagrams, practical check
d) Means shall be provided to prevent hazardous movement of vertical or slant axes under gravity.
Practical check
e) Automatic tool and workpiece changing mechanisms shall remain inhibited. Initiation of their automatic movement shall only be possible by reselection of mode 1. Practical check
Exception: For maintenance in mode 2 only, the provisions contained in 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5 of this table are permitted. Practical check
f) Unguarded swarf/chip conveyor movements shall only be initiated and maintained by a hold-to-run control device.
Visual inspection, examination of circuit diagrams
g) Where multiple hold-to-run control device locations are provided (e.g. main control station, hand-held pendant), only one shall be functional at a time. Practical check
!!!!1.1.6.4 Mode 3 - Optional mode for manual intervention under restricted operating conditions When provided, this mode permits use of the machine under manual or numerical control with work zone guards open and/or protective devices suspended under the following conditions:
a) This mode shall only be provided when details of the intended application are known and the required skill level of operators shall be defined in the instruction handbook (see 7.2 g) of this European Standard). Visual inspection (of Instruction handbook)
b) Single axis and multiple axis vector speeds shall be limited to 5m/min. Measurement
c) Spindle speed shall be limited by its stopping performance which shall not exceed 5 revolutions. NOTE 1
In order to achieve this stopping requirement it may be necessary to provide tool diameter identification or measurement systems to limit the permitted speed of the spindle for each tool used. Measurement
NOTE 2
Alternative solutions to this clause have been considered during the development of this standard but no firm conclusions have been reached.
This particular problem will be re-visited in a future revision of this European Standard.
d) Execution of a program shall be initiated by a cycle start control device in conjunction with an enabling device and maintained by the enabling device; Practical check
e) Non-programmed movements shall be achieved as follows:
1) Spindle rotation shall be initiated by a spindle start control device together with an enabling device and maintained by the enabling device. Release of the enabling device shall initiate a category 1 stop in accordance with 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:1997. Examination of circuit diagrams, practical test
Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
2) Axis movements may be initiated and maintained by one of the following means: – a hold-to-run control device – an electronic hand wheel – manual data input (MDI) followed by cycle start together with an enabling device. Practical check
f) The limits of speed or incremental distance [defined in b) and c) above] shall be monitored and if exceeded, the power to the drives shall be removed by a controlled stop (category 1 – see 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:1997). Practical check
g) The requirements d), e), f) and g) of mode 2 in 1.1.6.3 shall also apply. See 1.1.6.3 d, e, f and g.
Where ergonomic considerations in the application of Mode 3 make the use of an enabling device impractical (e.g. because the duration of necessary process observation/intervention exceeds an acceptable fatigue time for the machine operator to actuate the enabling device or the manipulation of multiple parameter control devices prevents the sustained operation of an enabling device) then a combination of alternative engineering control measures, to reduce entanglement and crushing risks, shall be substituted for the enabling device.
Two examples of accepted alternative engineering control measure combinations are: h) A safe standing position for the operator that is monitored by an active optical protection device (AOPD) or other approved safety monitoring device, (e.g. a scanning device or light curtain), but excluding the use of a pressure sensitive mat or similar easily defeated device, together with: - a readily accessible emergency stop control device shall be provided plus, - safe edge emergency stop arrangements shall be applied to all moving machine elements that pose a crushing risk plus, - the monitoring for reduced spindle and axes speeds shall satisfy the requirements of EN 954-1:1996, Category 3, and - identification of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) shall be provided in the instructions for use (see 7.2 n) and 7.2 o) of this European Standard). i) Protection against entanglement risk by means of a fixed guard enclosing the rotating spindle and cutter or an AOPD (light curtain) around (or in front of) the rotating spindle and cutter (the position of AOPD shall fulfil the requirements of EN999) together with: - a readily accessible emergency stop control device shall be provided plus, - safe edge emergency stop arrangements shall be applied to all moving machine elements that pose a crushing risk plus, - the monitoring for reduced spindle and axes speeds shall satisfy the requirements of EN 954-1: 1996, Category 3, and - identification of appropriate personnel protective equipment (PPE) shall be provided in the instructions for use (see 7.2 n) and 7.2 o) of this European Standard). NOTE 3
Other engineering control measures that provide the equivalent level of risk reduction, to those identified in h) and i) above, may be used. To reduce ejection risks, the cutting speed employed in any Mode 3 application shall be held below the scope of EN ISO 15641:2000. NOTE 4
The intended tool should preferably be a solid or one-piece milling cutter. Evaluation of the need for Mode 3 operation without an enabling device plus examination of the machine and its circuit diagrams" SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009
1.1.7 Release of trapped persons Means shall be provided for the movement of machine axes for emergency purposes (e.g. release of trapped persons). These means are for example: a) With power off: - manually operated relief valves to depressurise systems under pressure;
- manual release of power-actuated brakes provided that weight-balancing exists;
b) With power on: - manual control facilities of power-piloted valves/ drives; -
control facilities to start counter motions. (see also 7.2 m, of clause 7).
Visual inspection, verification against circuit diagrams, practical check
1.2 Tool magazine
1.2.1 Access to hazardous movements of the tool magazine shall be prevented by fixed and/or interlocked movable guards (see EN 1088:1995, clause 7 and annexes). Visual inspection
1.2.2 When the interlocked movable guard is open, the tool magazine drive shall be stopped and further movements shall be inhibited (see also 1.1.5 of this table). Examination of circuit diagrams, practical check
1.2.3 Access openings shall be in accordance with EN 547-1:1996, EN 547-2:1996, EN 547-3:1996.
Measurement
1.2.4 Where whole body access into the tool magazine guard enclosure is foreseen, a presence sensing device (e.g. ESPE, AOPD, PSPD) shall be provided to detect persons in the tool magazine area. When this device is actuated, the control system shall prevent any movement of the tool magazine or other accessible hazardous machine movements.
Examination of circuit diagrams, practical check
1.2.5 Where powered movements with the interlocked guard open are required for tool replenishment, maintenance, or adjustment purposes, this shall be achieved by means of a hold-to-run control to permit a single tool station index movement or a two-hand control devicefor continuous movement. This device shall be in accordance with 9.2.5.7 Type 3 of EN 60204-1:1997 (see also EN 574:1996). Such movement shall either be at a reduced speed (i.e. 15 m/min. where only an impact hazard exists; 2 m/min. where a crushing, shearing or trapping hazard exists) or be initiated from control devices positioned at a safe distance from the hazardous machine parts. (see EN 294, EN 999:1998) No hazardous machine movements shall arise from the actuation of any magazine sensor or feedback device (see 10.1.4 of EN 60204-1:1997 and 7.2 f, of clause 7 in this standard).
Examination of circuit diagrams, measurement, practical check
Safety requirement and/or protective measure Verification
1.2.6 In order to prevent falls or ejections, tools shall be securely held within the holders of the magazine. The design data for tool holding (e.g. limits for maximum mass, moments of inertia, tilting moment, spatial envelope of tools) shall be made available to the user (see 'information for use').
A test shall be carr
...
標準EN 12417:2001+A2:2009は、工作機械の安全性に関する重要な文書であり、特にマシニングセンターに焦点を当てています。この標準は、設計、建設、供給、設置、解体、輸送、メンテナンスに関わるすべての関係者が採用すべき技術的安全要件と保護措置を明確に定義しています。特に、意図された使用法や合理的に予測される誤使用、メンテナンス、清掃、および設定作業に関する考慮がなされており、オペレーターやその他の露出した人々へのリスクを軽減する手段が詳述されています。 標準は、マシニングセンター使用時に関連する重要な危険要因に適用されるものであり、製造業者が想定する条件下での使用における安全性を保障します。また、工作物搬送装置が機械の一部として構成される場合にも、この標準が適用され、全体的な安全性能の向上に寄与します。 この標準の強みは、その包括的なアプローチにあります。さまざまな操作条件を考慮しつつ、リスクを低減するための具体的な対策を提供することで、マシニングセンターの安全性を向上させることを目的としています。一方で、他の金属加工プロセスからの危険要因については、別の標準に依存する必要があるとの明示化も留意点です。 したがって、EN 12417:2001+A2:2009は、マシニングセンターの安全性を確保するために不可欠な標準であり、業界全体における安全文化の醸成に貢献しています。この標準は、製造された日以降の機械に適用されるため、最新の安全基準に基づいた設計や製造が促進されることが期待されます。
The EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 standard provides a comprehensive framework for ensuring the safety of machining centres, detailing crucial technical safety requirements and necessary protective measures for designers, builders, and suppliers involved in the entire lifecycle of these machines. Its scope is expansive, addressing not only installation and dismantling but also transport and maintenance, which are essential for the operational safety of machining centres. One of the standard's key strengths lies in its thorough consideration of intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. By encompassing aspects like maintenance, cleaning, and setting operations, the standard ensures a holistic approach to safety, thus reducing risks not only for operators but also for other individuals who may be exposed to the machining centre. The presumption of access from all directions addresses potential hazards that could arise during operation, making the standard particularly relevant in real-world scenarios. Additionally, the EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 standard extends its applicability to workpiece transfer devices, emphasizing their importance as integral components of machining centres. This inclusion showcases a depth of understanding of the entire machining process and the potential hazards involved, distinguishing it from other standards that may focus solely on the machines themselves. Importantly, the standard targets significant hazards specifically related to machining centres when used as intended and under conditions envisioned by the manufacturer. This focus ensures that operators are adequately protected in various operational scenarios, enhancing workplace safety. However, it should be noted that the standard does not address hazards associated with other metalworking processes such as grinding and turning, which are covered by separate standards. This delineation is beneficial, as it allows for specialized regulations to evolve concurrently, aligning with the complexities of the manufacturing environment. Lastly, one of the inherent strengths of the EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 standard is its relevance to modern manufacturing, given that it applies to machines produced after its publication date. This future-focus ensures that advancements in technology and operational methodologies are embraced, maintaining the integrity and efficacy of safety protocols. In summary, the EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 standard is a robust document that sets a high bar for safety standards within the domain of machining centres, balancing thoroughness with the necessary specificity to keep operators and personnel safe in a dynamic industrial landscape.
Die Norm EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 stellt einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Sicherheit von Maschinenwerkzeugen, insbesondere von Bearbeitungszentren, dar. Der Umfang dieser Norm ist klar definiert und umfasst sowohl technische Sicherheitsanforderungen als auch erforderliche Schutzmaßnahmen, die von Personen befolgt werden sollten, die mit dem Design, der Konstruktion und der Lieferung dieser Maschinen befasst sind. Dies schließt die Installation, den Abriss sowie die Transport- und Wartungsanordnungen ein, was ihre umfassende Relevanz für die gesamte Lebensdauer der Maschine unterstreicht. Die Stärken dieser Norm liegen in ihrer pragmatischen Herangehensweise an die Sicherheit. Sie berücksichtigt nicht nur die beabsichtigte Nutzung der Bearbeitungszentren, sondern auch vernünftigerweise vorhersehbare Fehlbedienungen. Diese ganzheitliche Sichtweise sorgt dafür, dass Risiken nicht nur für die Bediener, sondern auch für andere exponierte Personen signifikant reduziert werden. Zudem wird der Zugang zur Maschine von allen Seiten berücksichtigt, was die Benutzerfreundlichkeit und Sicherheit weiter erhöht. Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt dieser Norm ist die Integration von Werkstücktransfergeräten, die als wesentlicher Bestandteil der Maschine betrachtet werden. Dies erweitert den Anwendungsbereich der Sicherheitsanforderungen und stellt sicher, dass auch potenzielle Gefahren, die aus diesen Komponenten resultieren, angemessen adressiert werden. Die Norm thematisiert gezielt die signifikanten Gefahren im Zusammenhang mit Bearbeitungszentren unter den vom Hersteller vorgesehenen Einsatzbedingungen. Sie bietet eine klare Richtlinie für Hersteller, die Maschinen nach dem Veröffentlichungsdatum der Norm produzieren. Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass andere metallbearbeitende Verfahren wie Schleifen oder Drehen nicht Bestandteil dieser Norm sind, sondern von separaten Standards behandelt werden. Dies trägt zur Klarheit und Fokussierung der Norm auf Bearbeitungszentren bei. Insgesamt ist die EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 eine essentielle Norm, die dazu beiträgt, das Sicherheitsniveau von Bearbeitungszentren in der Industrie zu erhöhen und den Schutz der Benutzer zu gewährleisten. Ihre umfassenden Vorgaben und der systematische Ansatz zur Risikominderung machen sie zu einem unverzichtbaren Dokument für alle, die im Bereich der Maschinenbauindustrie tätig sind.
La norme EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 concernant les centres d'usinage est un document essentiel qui définit des exigences de sécurité techniques pour les machines-outils. Son champ d'application est clairement défini, englobant non seulement la conception et la construction, mais aussi l'installation, le démontage, ainsi que le transport et la maintenance des centres d'usinage. Cette norme est particulièrement pertinente dans un contexte industriel où la sécurité des opérateurs est primordiale. Les points forts de cette norme résident dans sa prise en compte de l'utilisation prévue des machines, incluant les usages raisonnablement prévisibles et même les abus possibles. En stipulant que l'accès à la machine doit être possible depuis toutes les directions, elle contribue à réduire les risques pour les opérateurs ainsi que pour toute personne exposée. De plus, les mesures de protection décrites dans cette norme renforcent la sécurité globale durant les opérations de maintenance, de nettoyage et de préparation. La norme aborde également les risques significatifs liés aux centres d'usinage lorsqu'ils sont utilisés conformément aux conditions prévues par le fabricant. En intégrant les dispositifs de transfert des pièces à usiner comme partie intégrante des machines, elle assure une approche globale de la sécurité. Notons également que la norme exclut les risques liés à d'autres procédés de travail des métaux, ce qui permet de garder une concentration sur les spécificités des centres d'usinage. En somme, la norme SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009 est d'une grande importance pour les fabricants et les utilisateurs de machines-outils, garantissant une sécurité accrue tout en assurant que les exigences pratiques et réalistes de l'utilisation des centres d'usinage sont satisfaites.
SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009 표준은 기계 공구 안전에 대한 중요한 지침을 제공하며, 특히 가공 센터에 초점을 맞추고 있습니다. 이 표준의 범위는 기계 설계, 제작, 공급, 설치 및 분해 과정에서 필요로 하는 기술적 안전 요구 사항과 보호 조치를 명확하게 규정하고 있습니다. 1.1항에서 설명하듯이, 이 표준은 가공 센터의 운영과 관련된 다양한 상황을 고려하고 있으며, 사용자가 예상할 수 있는 오용, 유지보수, 청소 및 설정 작업까지 포함합니다. 이 표준의 주요 강점 중 하나는 모든 방향에서 기계에 접근할 수 있는 것을 전제로 하여 개발된 점입니다. 이는 운영자와 다른 외부 인물들에게 발생할 수 있는 위험을 줄이는 방법을 명확히 설명하고 있어, 안전한 작업 환경을 조성하는 데 기여합니다. 1.4항에서는 제조사가 예상하는 조건에서 사용될 때 가공 센터와 관련된 주요 위험 요소에 대해 다루고 있으며, 이는 표준이 실제 산업 환경에서의 활용에 적합함을 보여줍니다. 또한, 1.3항에서 언급된 바와 같이, 가공 작업물 이송 장치가 기계의 일부로 통합되어 있을 경우에도 이 표준이 적용된다는 점에서, 기계의 전체적인 안전성을 강화하는 데 유리합니다. 이러한 점은 가공 센터의 해체 및 운송 시에도 해당되어, 모든 단계에서 안전을 확보할 수 있도록 도와줍니다. 마지막으로, 이 표준은 특정 금속 가공 공정에 대한 위험 요소는 다른 표준에서 다루고 있음을 명시하고 있어, 사용자에게 혼동을 줄이고 각 표준의 역할을 분명히 하고 있습니다. 이러한 측면에서 SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009 표준은 가공 센터의 안전성을 보장하고, 기계 공구 산업의 발전에 기여하는 중요한 문서로 평가됩니다.
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...